Highly Efficient Solvothermal Synthesis of Poly(1,5-diamino­anthraquinone) Nanoflowers for Energy and Environmental Applications

Poly(1,5-diaminoanthraquinone) (PDAA) has attracted more interest because of its unique molecular structure. However, the lower polymerization yield limits its practical application. Here, the solvothermal chemically oxidative polymerization of 1,5-diamino­anthraquinone (DAA) was developed, and the well-defined PDAA nanoflowers were obtained with a high yield of 72.6% within 16 h. The PDAA nanoflower-based flexible film electrodes were fabricated with expandable graphene as conductive support, delivering a capacitance of 277 F g–1 and 258 mF cm–2 at 0.5 A g–1 (1 mA cm–2) and superior cycling stability with retention of 99% after 10000 cycles. The flexible symmetric solid-state supercapacitors (SSSCs) possessed a high capacitance of 52.5 F g–1 at 0.25 A g–1 and 96.6 mF cm–2 at 1 mA cm–2 and had only a 14% capacitance loss after 10000 cycles at 0.1 V s–1 as well as excellent flexibility. Besides, the PDAA nanoflowers could be used as self-separable adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) with a capacity of 93.8 mg g–1 at pH 9

One-Step Electrodeposition of Polyaniline Nanorods on Carbon Cloth for High-Performance Flexible Supercapacitors

The electrochemical performance of the carbon cloth (CC)-based electrodes is determined by the kind, content, morphology, and size of the modified pseudocapacitive materials, as well as the interaction with CC. Also, such structural parameters were mainly dependent on the deposition condition. More uniform polyaniline (PANI) could be obtained by electrochemical polymerization in comparison to chemical oxidation polymerization. However, two steps of electrodeposition were usually needed for nucleation and growth. Here, based on the comprehensive optimization of the electrodeposition condition, well-defined PANI nanorods anchored on the functionalized carbon cloth (FCC) as flexible electrodes (FCC@PANI) were synthesized by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization. Compared with the FCC electrode, the resultant FCC@PANI-4 sample possessed good cycling stability (98.3% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles), higher specific capacitances of 2312 mF cm–2 (1.0 mA cm–2) and 107 F g–1 (1.0 A g–1) with the boosting ratio in the areal specific capacitance (CA), and mass specific capacitances (Cm) of 169 and 181%, respectively. The improvement in both specific capacitance and cycling stability was obtained by the strong interaction between the FCC and the modified PANI nanorods with enhanced utilization efficiency of electroactive materials. Furthermore, the symmetric solid-state device assembled using the FCC@PANI-4 electrode delivered a maximum energy density of 0.079 mWh cm–2 at a power density of 0.363 mW cm–2

Timing of TEM steps for UM cells.

<p>A) Diagram depicting the steps of TEM used by UM cells. B) Plot of time spent in each phase of intercalation. The data include only cells that eventually disengaged from intercalation; many cells were still intercalated at 12 hrs and could not be assessed for duration of intercalation. Red bars indicate medians.</p

Video_1_Case report: Amphiphysin-IgG autoimmunity: a paraneoplastic presentation of appendiceal goblet cell carcinoma.mp4

BackgroundAppendiceal goblet cell carcinoma (aGCC) is a rare neoplasm with mixed endocrine and exocrine features. No paraneoplastic neurological syndromes or autoantibodies have been identified in cases of aGCC or even appendiceal tumors. Amphiphysin-immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoimmunity was first described in stiff-person syndrome with breast cancer. We firstly described the clinical course and pathological findings of a patient with aGCC-associated amphiphysin-IgG autoimmunity.Case presentationA 54-year-old man who developed aGCC was admitted for acute disturbance of consciousness, psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment, seizure and hypotension. Amphiphysin-IgG was detected in the patient’s serum and CSF by immunoblotting and tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence assay confirming the diagnosis of definite paraneoplastic amphiphysin-IgG-positive encephalitis. Histopathology revealed amphiphysin protein expression and accompanying immune cell infiltration (predominantly CD20+ B cells, CD3+ and CD8+ T cells) within the tumor tissue, suggesting a possible paraneoplastic origin of amphiphysin-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) in this case. Although the patient’s symptoms resolved after high-dose corticosteroid therapy, he experienced recurrence 6 months later, manifesting as paraneoplastic cerebellar dysfunction. Despite treatment with IV cyclophosphamide and oral mycophenolate mofetil, no improvement was noted.ConclusionsThis case suggests that aGCC may trigger amphiphysin-IgG autoimmunity.</p

Table_1_Case report: Amphiphysin-IgG autoimmunity: a paraneoplastic presentation of appendiceal goblet cell carcinoma.pdf

BackgroundAppendiceal goblet cell carcinoma (aGCC) is a rare neoplasm with mixed endocrine and exocrine features. No paraneoplastic neurological syndromes or autoantibodies have been identified in cases of aGCC or even appendiceal tumors. Amphiphysin-immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoimmunity was first described in stiff-person syndrome with breast cancer. We firstly described the clinical course and pathological findings of a patient with aGCC-associated amphiphysin-IgG autoimmunity.Case presentationA 54-year-old man who developed aGCC was admitted for acute disturbance of consciousness, psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment, seizure and hypotension. Amphiphysin-IgG was detected in the patient’s serum and CSF by immunoblotting and tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence assay confirming the diagnosis of definite paraneoplastic amphiphysin-IgG-positive encephalitis. Histopathology revealed amphiphysin protein expression and accompanying immune cell infiltration (predominantly CD20+ B cells, CD3+ and CD8+ T cells) within the tumor tissue, suggesting a possible paraneoplastic origin of amphiphysin-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) in this case. Although the patient’s symptoms resolved after high-dose corticosteroid therapy, he experienced recurrence 6 months later, manifesting as paraneoplastic cerebellar dysfunction. Despite treatment with IV cyclophosphamide and oral mycophenolate mofetil, no improvement was noted.ConclusionsThis case suggests that aGCC may trigger amphiphysin-IgG autoimmunity.</p

DataSheet_1_Case report: Identification of Hepatitis B Virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and successful treatment with ofatumumab and inebilizumab.pdf

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system primarily affecting the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brainstem. Viral infection may trigger NMOSD. Here, we report the case of a 34-year-old female presenting with a range of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, choking, and fatigue with unsteady gait, diplopia, hearing loss, left-sided facial paralysis, breathing difficulties, and hoarseness of voice. Her HBV DNA concentration, as determined by quantitative PCR analysis, exceeded 5×107 IU/ml in serum and 4.48×102 IU/ml in CSF. Next-generation sequencing of CSF revealed 1,528 HBV sequences in DNA analysis and 6 sequences in RNA analysis. Serum aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) titer was 1:10, and the CSF titer was 1:3.2. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensities in the brain stem, medulla oblongata, and left middle cerebellar peduncle with mild restricted-diffusion. The patient received antiviral and hepatoprotective medications before the high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy. However, the patient did not respond well to the first-line treatment. Subsequently, the patient received ofatumumab and inebilizumab. Throughout the follow-up period, there was a gradual improvement in her neurological symptoms, with no reactivation of hepatitis B or deterioration of liver function observed. Thereby, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of successful treatment with ofatumumab and inebilizumab in a patient with NMOSD concurrent with HBV infection.</p

Image_1_Case report: Identification of Hepatitis B Virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and successful treatment with ofatumumab and inebilizumab.jpeg

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system primarily affecting the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brainstem. Viral infection may trigger NMOSD. Here, we report the case of a 34-year-old female presenting with a range of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, choking, and fatigue with unsteady gait, diplopia, hearing loss, left-sided facial paralysis, breathing difficulties, and hoarseness of voice. Her HBV DNA concentration, as determined by quantitative PCR analysis, exceeded 5×107 IU/ml in serum and 4.48×102 IU/ml in CSF. Next-generation sequencing of CSF revealed 1,528 HBV sequences in DNA analysis and 6 sequences in RNA analysis. Serum aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) titer was 1:10, and the CSF titer was 1:3.2. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed high signal intensities in the brain stem, medulla oblongata, and left middle cerebellar peduncle with mild restricted-diffusion. The patient received antiviral and hepatoprotective medications before the high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy. However, the patient did not respond well to the first-line treatment. Subsequently, the patient received ofatumumab and inebilizumab. Throughout the follow-up period, there was a gradual improvement in her neurological symptoms, with no reactivation of hepatitis B or deterioration of liver function observed. Thereby, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of successful treatment with ofatumumab and inebilizumab in a patient with NMOSD concurrent with HBV infection.</p

Altered Functional and Structural Connectivity Networks in Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures

<div><p>Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are paroxysmal behaviors that resemble epileptic seizures but lack abnormal electrical activity. Recent studies suggest aberrant functional connectivity involving specific brain regions in PNES. Little is known, however, about alterations of topological organization of whole-brain functional and structural connectivity networks in PNES. We constructed functional connectivity networks from resting-state functional MRI signal correlations and structural connectivity networks from diffusion tensor imaging tractography in 17 PNES patients and 20 healthy controls. Graph theoretical analysis was employed to compute network properties. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between functional and structural connectivity networks. We found that PNES patients exhibited altered small-worldness in both functional and structural networks and shifted towards a more regular (lattice-like) organization, which could serve as a potential imaging biomarker for PNES. In addition, many regional characteristics were altered in structural connectivity network, involving attention, sensorimotor, subcortical and default-mode networks. These regions with altered nodal characteristics likely reflect disease-specific pathophysiology in PNES. Importantly, the coupling strength of functional-structural connectivity was decreased and exhibited high sensitivity and specificity to differentiate PNES patients from healthy controls, suggesting that the decoupling strength of functional-structural connectivity might be an important characteristic reflecting the mechanisms of PNES. This is the first study to explore the altered topological organization in PNES combining functional and structural connectivity networks, providing a new way to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of PNES.</p></div

Pairwise divergence (<i>F</i>_ST) between altitude zones within subpopulations and between subpopulations.

<p>Pairwise divergence (<i>F</i>_ST) between altitude zones within subpopulations and between subpopulations.</p

Haplotype networks for each gene.

<p>The circle size is proportional to the quantity of samples with a given haplotype, and the numbers next to the circles represent the haplotype number. Lines between haplotypes represent mutational steps between alleles. When more than one nucleotide difference existed between linked haplotypes, the number is indicated next to the lines. Colors for rice landraces collected from different subpopulations are as follows: yellow, P1 (<i>indica</i>) subpopulation; blue, P2 (<i>japonica</i>) subpopulation. The haplotype network for <i>GBSSII</i>, which had only two haplotypes, is not shown.</p