An Examination of the Calibration and Resolution Skills in Phishing Email Detection

This study examines individuals’ calibration and resolution skills in phishing email detection and tests the effects of several factors on both skills. It shows that calibration and resolution are two distinct capabilities of a person to detect phishing emails, and they are subject to the impacts of different factors: while calibration is influenced mostly by task factors such as familiarity with the emails, time to judgment, variability of time to judgment, and task easiness, resolution is influenced by both task factors such as variability of time to judgment and familiarity with the entity in the email, and individual characteristics such as online transaction experience and prior victimization of phishing attacks. The theoretical implication of the study is addressed, and the practical implication for designing effective training programs to improve one’s phishing detection ability is also discussed

A Study on Resolution Skills in Phishing Detection

This study examines resolution skills in phishing email detection, defined as the abilities of individuals to discern correct judgments from incorrect judgments in probabilistic decision- making. An illustration of the resolution skills is provided. A number of antecedents to resolution skills in phishing email detection, including familiarity with the sender, familiarity with the email, online transaction experience, prior victimization of phishing attack, perceived self-efficacy, time to judgment, and variability of time in judgments, are examined. Implications of the study are further discussed

The Factors of User Acceptance of News Feed Advertisement

With the rapid development of mobile e-commerce, the advent of news feed ads has been increasing. In view of users\u27 stereotypes about advertisements, how to improve user acceptance of news feed ads is a matter of great concern to mobile commerce operators. In the existing theoretical research, more discussions are start from the perspective of technology and channels. Based on the theory of perceived value, this study deeply analyzes the characteristics of news feed ads, and takes functional value perception, convenience value perception, prompt response value perception, trust value perception and social value perception as independent variables. Due to the variables, a user acceptance model was constructed, questionnaires were distributed and the assumptions were verified by regression analysis. The results show that perceived value theory can effectively explain the users\u27 willingness to accept ads on the mobile advertising side, of which, convenience value perception, functional value perception and social value perception have a greater impact on the willingness to accept, prompt response value perception followed, and the least impact is trust value perception

Overconfidence in Phishing Email Detection

This study examines overconfidence in phishing email detection. Researchers believe that overconfidence (i.e., where one’s judgmental confidence exceeds one’s actual performance in decision making) can lead to one’s adopting risky behavior in uncertain situations. This study focuses on what leads to overconfidence in phishing detection. We performed a survey experiment with 600 subjects to collect empirical data for the study. In the experiment, each subject judged a set of randomly selected phishing emails and authentic business emails. Specifically, we examined two metrics of overconfidence (i.e., overprecision and overestimation). Results show that cognitive effort decreased overconfidence, while variability in attention allocation, dispositional optimism, and familiarity with the business entities in the emails all increased overconfidence in phishing email detection. The effect of perceived self-efficacy of detecting phishing emails on overconfidence was marginal. In addition, all confidence beliefs poorly predicted detection accuracy and poorly explained its variance, which highlights the issue of relying on them to guide one’s behavior in detecting phishing. We discuss mechanisms to reduce overconfidence

Experimenting adaptive services in sea-cloud innovation environment

Most of existing network testbeds can only support the experimentation of L2~L4 forwarding protocols, leaving the evaluation of L4~L7 applications still a tremendous challenge. This paper pioneers to present the design of sea-cloud innovation environment (SCIE) based on the software defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) paradigms to support adaptive service-oriented experimentation, where the virtualized network functions (VNFs) can be implemented or deimplemented dynamically on network devices according to ondemand requirements. The experimentation is running to form an adaptive chain of network functions, which can be achieved by the protocol oblivious forwarding (POF) via user-defined fields and generic flow instruction set to forward the data to appropriate devices with VNFs. In SCIE, we demonstrate the experimentation of DPI service with on-demand requirement of security check

PO-111 Effects of aerobic exercise on fatty acid metabolism in liver of NAFLD Rats

 Objective Aerobic exercise can improve liver metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liverdisease (NAFLD), but the molecular mechanism is not completely clear, which limits the applicationof aerobic exercise in the treatment and improvement of NAFLD. In this paper, the effects of aerobicexercise on the expression levels of important genes regulating fatty acid metabolism in the liver ofNAFLD rats were studied in order to explore the possible molecular mechanism of aerobic exerciseregulating hepatic fatty acid metabolism.Methods 1. Animal grouping. 36 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats aged 21 days old were randomlydivided into three groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding: 10 in the normal diet quiet group (NCgroup), 10 in the high-fat diet quiet group (HC group) and 16 in the high-fat diet exercise group (HTgroup). 2. Training arrangements. After 12 weeks, the rats in the HT group underwent 8 weeks ofaerobic exercise with a training intensity of 25m/min, and continued exercise for 1h/d, 6d/w for atotal of 8 weeks. 3. Sample collection. After an overnight fast, rats in the three groups were weighedand anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of 10% chloral hydrate (0.3 ml/100 g bodyweight). Blood samples were collected from the aortaventralis, centrifuged, and kept frozen at -80 °Cfor chemical assays. The rat liver was removed, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored in a -80 °Cfreezer. 4. Serum lipid concentration and liver function detection. Serum levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C), free fatty acid (FFA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanineaminotransferase (ALT) were detected in three groups of rats. 5. Detection of expression levels offatty acid metabolism related genes in liver. The expression levels of AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK), silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γcoactivator 1α (PGC-1α) in rat liver were detected by SYBR Green real-time PCR. 6. Data statistics.Results were expressed in the form of mean±standard deviation. Spss17.0 statistical software wasused to conduct one-way ANOVA to compare the differences between the groups, p<0.05 indicatessignificant difference between groups.Results 1. Effects of aerobic exercise on Blood lipids and liver function. The serum levels of TC, TG,LDL-C, FFA, AST and ALT in HC group were significantly higher than those in NC group (p < 0.05),while HDL-C level was significantly lower (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of TC, TG, LDL-C, FFA,AST and ALT in HT group were significantly lower than those in HC group (p < 0.05), while HDL-Clevel was significantly higher (p < 0.05). 2.Effects of aerobic exercise on the expression of fatty acidmetabolism regulatory genes in liver of rats. The mRNA expression levels of AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1α in liver of HC group were significantly lower than those of NC group (p < 0. 05). While the mRNAexpression levels of AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1 α in liver of HT group were significantly higher thanthose of HC group (p < 0. 05).Conclusions Aerobic exercise can improve serum lipid concentration and liver function in NAFLDrats. It increased the consumption of ATP, led to an increase in AMP/ATP ratio, enhanced the mRNAexpression of AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1α, activated AMPK - SIRT1 - PGC-1α signaling pathway,reduced hepatic fat synthesis and accelerated fatty acid oxidation in NAFLD rats liver. &nbsp

Printable and Versatile Superhydrophobic Paper via Scalable Nonsolvent Armor Strategy

Despite great scientific and industrial interest in waterproof cellulosic paper, its real world application is hindered by complicated and costly fabrication processes, limitations in scale-up production, and use of organic solvents. Furthermore, simultaneously achieving nonwetting properties and printability on paper surfaces still remains a technical and chemical challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a nonsolvent strategy for scalable and fast fabrication of waterproofing paper through in situ surface engineering with polysilsesquioxane nanorods (PSNR). Excellent superhydrophobicity is attained on the functionalized paper surface with water contact angle above 160˚. Notably, the engineered paper features outstanding printability and writability, as well as greatly enhanced strength and integrity upon prolonged exposure to water (tensile strength ≈ 9.0 MPa). Additionally, the PSNR concurrently armors paper-based printed items and artwork with waterproofing, self-cleaning and antimicrobial functionalities without compromising their appearance, readability and mechanical properties. We also demonstrate that the engineered paper holds the additional advantages of easy processing, low cost and mechanochemical robustness, which makes it particularly promising for real world applications

Insights into the issue in IPv6 adoption: a view from the Chinese IPv6 Application mix

Published onlineThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this record.Although IPv6 has been standardized more than 15 years ago, its deployment is still very limited. China has been strongly pushing IPv6, especially due to its limited IPv4 address space. In this paper, we describe measurements from a large Chinese academic network, serving a significant population of IPv6 hosts. We show that despite its expected strength, China is struggling as much as the western world to increase the share of IPv6 traffic. To understand the reasons behind this, we examine the IPv6 applicative ecosystem. We observe a significant IPv6 traffic growth over the past 3 years, with P2P file transfers responsible for more than 80% of the IPv6 traffic, compared with only 15% for IPv4 traffic. Checking the top websites for IPv6 explains the dominance of P2P, with popular P2P trackers appearing systematically among the top visited sites, followed by Chinese popular services (e.g., Tencent), as well as surprisingly popular third-party analytics including Google. Finally, we compare the throughput of IPv6 and IPv4 flows. We find that a larger share of IPv4 flows get a high-throughput compared with IPv6 flows, despite IPv6 traffic not being rate limited. We explain this through the limited amount of HTTP traffic in IPv6 and the presence of Web caches in IPv4. Our findings highlight the main issue in IPv6 adoption, that is, the lack of commercial content, which biases the geographic pattern and flow throughput of IPv6 traffic. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

A Kernel-space POF virtual switch

Protocol Oblivious Forwarding (POF) aims at providing a standard southbound interface for sustainable Software Defined Networking (SDN) evolvement. It overcomes the limitations of popular Open Flow protocols (an existing widely-adopted southbound interface), through the enhancement of SDN forwarding plane. This paper pioneers the design and implementation of a Kernel-space POF Virtual Switch (K_POFVS) on Linux platform. K_POFVS can improve the packet processing speed, through fast packet forwarding and the capability of adding/deleting/modifying protocol fields in kernel space. In addition, it is able to enhance flow table matching speed, by separating the mask table (consisting of flow entry masks used to figure out the matching field) and the flow table under a caching mechanism. Furthermore, K_POFVS can achieve efficient communication between the kernel space and the user space, via extending the Netlink communication between them. Experimental results show that K_POFVS can provide much better performance than existing user-space POF virtual switches, in terms of packet forwarding delay, packet processing delay and packet transmission rateThis work is partially supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2012CB315803, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under grant No. XDA06010306, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61303241, and the University of Exeter’s Innovation Platform – Link Fund under Award No. LF207