2 research outputs found
Enhanced Tumor Retention Effect by Click Chemistry for Improved Cancer Immunochemotherapy
Because of the limited
drug concentration in tumor tissues and
inappropriate treatment strategies, tumor recurrence and metastasis
are critical challenges for effectively treating malignancies. A key
challenge for effective delivery of nanoparticles is to reduce uptake
by reticuloendothelial system and to enhance the permeability and
retention effect. Herein, we demonstrated CuÂ(I)-catalyzed click chemistry
triggered the aggregation of azide/alkyne-modified micelles, enhancing
micelles accumulation in tumor tissues. In addition, combined doxorubicin
with the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A, an agonist of toll-like
receptor4, generated immunogenic cell death, which further promoted
maturity of dendritic cells, antigen presentation and induced strong
effector T cells in vivo. Following combined with anti-PD-L1 therapy,
substantial antitumor and metastasis inhibitory effects were achieved
because of the reduced PD-L1 expression and regulatory T cells. In
addition, effective long-term immunity from memory T cell responses
protected mice from tumor recurrence
Ligand-Mediated and Enzyme-Directed Precise Targeting and Retention for the Enhanced Treatment of Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma (GBM),
one of the most lethal cancers, remains as a hard task to handle.
The major hurdle of nanostructured therapeutic agents comes from the
limited retention at the GBM site and poor selectivity. In this study,
we reported dual-functional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to figure out
the biological barrier and improve their accumulation in GBM. The
nanoparticles, AuNP-A&C-R, were composed of two functional particles:
one was Ala-Ala-Asn-Cys-Asp (AK) and R8-RGD-comodified AuNPs (AuNP-AK-R)
and the other was 2-cyano-6-amino-benzothiazole and R8-RGD-comodified
AuNPs (AuNP-CABT-R). AuNP-A&C-R could aggregate in the presence
of legumain, resulting in a size increase from 41.4 ± 0.6 to
172.9 ± 10.2 nm after 8 h incubation. After entering the circulatory
system, AuNP-A&C-R actively targeted the integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> receptor on blood–brain barrier
(BBB), mediated transcytosis of particles across BBB, and then targeted
the receptor on the GBM cells. Once AuNP-A&C-R entered into GBM,
they formed further aggregates with increased size extracellularly
or intracellularly because of the overexpressed legumain, which in
turn blocked their backflow to the bloodstream or limited their exocytosis
by cells. In vivo optical imaging demonstrated that AuNP-A&C-R were efficiently
delivered to the GBM site and retained with high selectivity. We further
confirmed that AuNP-A&C-R acquired a higher accumulation at the
GBM site than AuNP-A&C and AuNP-R because of the synergistic effect.
More importantly, the doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded AuNP-A&C-R showed
an improved chemotherapeutic effect to C6 GBM-bearing mice, which
significantly prolonged the median survival time by 1.22-fold and
1.27-fold compared with the DOX-loaded AuNP-A&C and the DOX-loaded
AuNP-R, respectively. These results suggested that the dual-functional
nanoplatform is promising for the GBM treatment