An Ontology-Based Artificial Intelligence Model for Medicine Side-Effect Prediction: Taking Traditional Chinese Medicine as An Example

In this work, an ontology-based model for AI-assisted medicine side-effect (SE) prediction is developed, where three main components, including the drug model, the treatment model, and the AI-assisted prediction model, of proposed model are presented. To validate the proposed model, an ANN structure is established and trained by two hundred and forty-two TCM prescriptions. These data are gathered and classified from the most famous ancient TCM book and more than one thousand SE reports, in which two ontology-based attributions, hot and cold, are introduced to evaluate whether the prescription will cause SE or not. The results preliminarily reveal that it is a relationship between the ontology-based attributions and the corresponding predicted indicator that can be learnt by AI for predicting the SE, which suggests the proposed model has a potential in AI-assisted SE prediction. However, it should be noted that, the proposed model highly depends on the sufficient clinic data, and hereby, much deeper exploration is important for enhancing the accuracy of the prediction

Genome-Wide Association Mapping for Tomato Volatiles Positively Contributing to Tomato Flavor

Tomato volatiles, mainly derived from essential nutrients and health-promoting precursors, affect tomato flavor. Taste volatiles present a major challenge for flavor improvement and quality breeding. In this study, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate potential chromosome regions associated with the tomato flavor volatiles. We observed significant variation (1200x) among the selected 28 most important volatiles in tomato based on their concentration and odor threshold importance across our sampled accessions. Using 174 tomato accessions, GWAS identified 125 significant associations (P<0.005) among 182 SSR markers and 28 volatiles (27 volatiles with at least one significant association). Several significant associations were co-localized in previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTL). This result provides new potential candidate loci affecting the metabolism of several volatiles

Hybrid modular multilevel converter with reduced three-level cells in hvdc transmission system

A hybrid MMC with reduced three-level (TL) cells is proposed. As well as the dc fault blocking capability, the proposed hybrid MMC provides the benefits of: lower conduction losses; fewer diode and switching devices, and; fewer shoot-through modes. Guidelines are developed to determine the required number of three-level cells to block a dc-side fault. It is also demonstrated that a further reduction in the number a three-level cells is possible if a rise in cell current and voltage is acceptable. This reduction is investigated. A lower number of three-level cells reduces losses and capital cost further. The hybrid MMC with the reduced number of three-level cells proves to be the most attractive approach compared with other MMCs and hybrid MMCs. The semiconductor count and conduction loss are 92.1% and 90.3% respectively of that of the MMC based entirely on full-bridge cells, without exposing the semiconductors to significant fault currents and over-voltages. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed hybrid converter

Where to park an autonomous vehicle?:Results of a stated choice experiment

The future innovation and growing popularity of autonomous vehicles have the potential to significantly impact the spatiotemporal distribution of parking demand. However, little knowledge is gained on how people will choose to park their autonomous cars. In principle, an autonomous vehicle is not necessarily parked close by like traditional vehicles leveraging the automated driving and parking capability, still, the decision made by people is important for policymakers in urban and transportation planning. This study attempts to gain useful insights to understand people's parking location choices for autonomous vehicles. A stated choice experiment was designed, allowing people to choose a parking location for autonomous vehicles in varied contexts, including time windows, picking-up times, and the requirement for on-time arrival at the next activity. We found that similar to conventional cars people generally prefer cheaper and/or closer parking lots for autonomous vehicles. However, the distance between a parking lot and the activity location is relatively longer in the case of autonomous vehicles. The amount of time an autonomous vehicle spends in congestion while picking up the users influences the choice of parking locations. Moreover, substantial preference heterogeneity between individual people was found in the parking choice behavior. The maximum value of access time for autonomous cars is 34 $/h which is higher than the empirical value of walking time for conventional cars. Results of elasticity indicate that the influence of parking fees is larger than that of access time and congestion time.</p

rac-4-Amino-1-(2-benzoyl-1-phenyl­eth­yl)-3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione

The title compound, C18H18N4OS, has an almost planar 1,2,4-triazole ring [r.m.s. deviation = 0.0036 (2) Å], which makes dihedral angles of 78.5 (2) and 77.6 (11)° with the two phenyl rings. An intra­molecular N—H⋯S inter­action occurs. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by an inter­molecular three-centre N—H⋯(O,S) cyclic hydrogen-bonding inter­action

Quantum theory of light diffraction

At present, the theory of light diffraction only has the simple wave-optical approach. In this paper, we study light diffraction with the approach of relativistic quantum theory. We find that the slit length, slit width, slit thickness and wave-length of light have affected to the diffraction intensity and form of diffraction pattern. However, the effect of slit thickness on the diffraction pattern can not be explained by wave-optical approach, and it can be explained in quantum theory. We compare the theoretical results with single and multiple slits experiment data, and find the theoretical results are accordance with the experiment data. Otherwise, we give some theory prediction. We think all the new prediction will be tested by the light diffraction experiment.Comment: 10 page

Bis(1H-imidazole-κN 3)bis­(2-oxidopyridinium-3-carboxyl­ato-κ2 O 2,O 3)cobalt(II)

In the mol­ecule of the title CoII complex, [Co(C6H4NO3)2(C3H4N2)2], the CoII atom is located on a twofold rotation axis and chelated by two oxidopyridiniumcarboxyl­ate anions and further cis-coordinated by two imidazole ligands in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. The shorter C—O bond distance of 1.260 (2) Å suggests electron delocalization between the oxido group and the pyridinium ring. The uncoordinated carboxyl­ate O atom links with the imidazole and pyridinium rings of adjacent mol­ecules via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding is also present in the crystal structure