4-[4-(1H-Tetra­zol-5-yl)phen­oxy]benzaldehyde

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H10N4O2, contains two independent mol­ecules with similar structures. In one mol­ecule, the tetra­zole ring is oriented at dihedral angles of 17.71 (16) and 57.13 (17)°, respectively, to the central benzene ring and the terminal benzene ring; in the other mol­ecule, the corresponding dihedral angles are 16.46 (18) and 75.87 (18)°. Inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds occur in the crystal structure

3-Methyl-6-trichloro­methyl-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thia­diazole

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C5H3Cl3N4S, two mol­ecules related by a centre of symmetry demonstrate extremely short inter­molecular S⋯N contacts of 2.783 (2) Å. The crystal packing also exhibits π–π inter­actions indicated by a short distance of 3.340 (1) Å between the centroids of the triazole rings of neighbouring mol­ecules

Electrospinning Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Mesoporous TiO2 Nanofibers

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers in the anatase structure were successfully prepared via electrospinning technique followed by calcination process. The morphologies, crystal structure, surface area, and the photocatalytic activity of resulting TiO2 nanofibers were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen sorption, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results revealed that calcination temperature had greatly influenced the morphologies of TiO2 nanofibers, but no obvious effect was noticed on the crystal structure of TiO2 nanofibers. The photocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanofibers were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) in water under visible light irradiation. It was observed that TiO2 nanofibers obtained by calcination at 500°C for 3 hours exhibited the most excellent photocatalytic activity. We present a novel and simple method to fabricate TiO2 nanofibers with high-photocatalytic activity

SafeLight: A Reinforcement Learning Method toward Collision-free Traffic Signal Control

Traffic signal control is safety-critical for our daily life. Roughly one-quarter of road accidents in the U.S. happen at intersections due to problematic signal timing, urging the development of safety-oriented intersection control. However, existing studies on adaptive traffic signal control using reinforcement learning technologies have focused mainly on minimizing traffic delay but neglecting the potential exposure to unsafe conditions. We, for the first time, incorporate road safety standards as enforcement to ensure the safety of existing reinforcement learning methods, aiming toward operating intersections with zero collisions. We have proposed a safety-enhanced residual reinforcement learning method (SafeLight) and employed multiple optimization techniques, such as multi-objective loss function and reward shaping for better knowledge integration. Extensive experiments are conducted using both synthetic and real-world benchmark datasets. Results show that our method can significantly reduce collisions while increasing traffic mobility.Comment: Accepted by AAAI 2023, appendix included. 9 pages + 5 pages appendix, 12 figures, in Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI'23), Feb 202

A novel frame-shift mutation in FRMD7 causes X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus in a Chinese family

Purpose: To screen mutations in the FERM domain-containing 7 (FRMD7) gene in a Chinese family with X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus (ICN). Methods: It has been reported that FRMD7 mutations account for approximately 47% of X-linked nystagmus in Chinese patients. We collected 5 ml of blood samples from members of a family with X-linked ICN and 100 normal controls. Mutations in FRMD7 were determined by sequencing PCR products. Results: We identified a previously unreported 4 bp deletion in FRMD7 (c.1486-1489 del TTTT) in a Chinese family. The mutation co-segregated with the disease phenotype in patients and female carriers, while it was not detected in other relatives or in the 100 normal controls. Conclusions: Our results expand the spectrum of FRMD7 mutations causing ICN, and further confirm the role of FRMD7 in the pathogenesis of ICN. Direct sequencing of FRMD7 could be used as a diagnostic testing of idiopathic congenital nystagmus.Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyOphthalmologySCI(E)PubMed4ARTICLE297-992765-27681