216 research outputs found
Constructing entanglement witnesses for infinite-dimensional systems
It is shown that, every entangled state in an infinite-dimensional composite
system has a simple entanglement witness of the form with
a nonnegative number and a finite rank self-adjoint operator. We also
provide two methods of constructing entanglement witness and apply them to
obtain some entangled states that cannot be detected by the PPT criterion and
the realignment criterion.Comment: 15 page
Starch/microcrystalline cellulose hybrid gels as gastric-floating drug delivery systems
We report hybrid gels based on a high-amylose starch and microcrystalline cellulose with demonstrated properties for gastric-floating drug delivery purposes. The starch/cellulose gels were prepared by ionic liquid dissolution and regeneration, resulting in a continuous surface and a porous interior and a type-II crystalline structure of cellulose. These polysaccharide gels displayed satisfactory elasticity (0.88), recovery (0.26–0.36) and equilibrium swelling (1013–1369%). The hybrid gels were loaded with ranitidine hydrochloride as a model drug and subsequently, low-density starch/cellulose tablets were fabricated by vacuum-freeze-drying. In vitro tests in a simulated gastric fluid indicate that the 3:7 (wt./wt.) starch/cellulose system could maintain the buoyancy for up to 24 h with a release of 45.87% for the first 1 h and a sustained release for up to 10 h. Therefore, our results have demonstrated the excellent gastric-floating ability and sustainable drug release behavior of the starch/cellulose hybrid gels
National Natural Science Foundation of China (11101248, 71101140), Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (ZR2010AQ026), and Young Teacher
Abstract. In this paper, we deal with the semi-infinite complementarity problems (SICP), in which several important issues are covered, such as solvability, semismoothness of residual functions, and error bounds. In particular, we characterize the solution set by investigating the relationship between SICP and the classical complementarity problem. 1 Furthermore, we show that the SICP can be equivalently reformulated as a typical semiinfinite min-max programming problem by employing NCP functions. Finally, we study the concept of error bounds and introduce its two variants, ε-error bounds and weak error bounds, where the concept of weak error bounds is highly desirable in that the solution set is not restricted to be nonempty. Key words. semi-infinite complementarity problem, semidifferentiable and semismooth, error bounds, weak error bounds
Bayes Risk Transducer: Transducer with Controllable Alignment Prediction
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) based on transducers is widely used. In
training, a transducer maximizes the summed posteriors of all paths. The path
with the highest posterior is commonly defined as the predicted alignment
between the speech and the transcription. While the vanilla transducer does not
have a prior preference for any of the valid paths, this work intends to
enforce the preferred paths and achieve controllable alignment prediction.
Specifically, this work proposes Bayes Risk Transducer (BRT), which uses a
Bayes risk function to set lower risk values to the preferred paths so that the
predicted alignment is more likely to satisfy specific desired properties. We
further demonstrate that these predicted alignments with intentionally designed
properties can provide practical advantages over the vanilla transducer.
Experimentally, the proposed BRT saves inference cost by up to 46% for
non-streaming ASR and reduces overall system latency by 41% for streaming ASR
Research on Flexible Interconnection of Urban Power Grid
[Introduction] Due to its flexibility and rapid control ability, voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) technology can be used in asynchronous grid interconnection, renewable energy grid-connection, and urban grid power supply. In this paper, the flexible and compact interconnection scheme of urban power grid is proposed to realize the interconnection and improve safety and stability of the urban power grid. [Method] According to the current situation of the power grid, and considering the difficulty of implementing new transmission lines in urban areas and the difficulty of controlling the construction period, the site selection and interconnection scheme were carried out from the perspective of exploiting potential of existing substations and transmission lines. The interconnection scale was determined comprehensively by combining the system requirements, the transmission capacity of the original lines, and the feasibility of capacity increase transformation. Due to the shortage of urban land, compact equipment and indoor compact layout was recommended. [Result] The flexible and compact back-to-back converter station is adopted to realize the interconnection, significantly reduce the short-circuit current level of the system and improve the security and stability of the urban power grid. The compact design which can save about 40% of the space is adopted to meet the need to alleviate the scarcity of urban land resources. [Conclusion] The compact and flexible interconnection proposed plays a good role in guiding the application of VSC-HVDC technology in urban power grid interconnection and has high reference value
On Set-Valued Complementarity Problems
This paper investigates the set-valued complementarity problems (SVCP)
which poses rather different features from those that classical complementarity problems
hold, due to tthe fact that he index set is not fixed, but dependent on . While comparing the
set-valued complementarity problems with the classical complementarity problems, we
analyze the solution set of SVCP. Moreover, properties of merit functions for SVCP are studied, such being as level bounded and error bounded. Finally, some possible research
directions are discussed
AutoPrep: An Automatic Preprocessing Framework for In-the-Wild Speech Data
Recently, the utilization of extensive open-sourced text data has
significantly advanced the performance of text-based large language models
(LLMs). However, the use of in-the-wild large-scale speech data in the speech
technology community remains constrained. One reason for this limitation is
that a considerable amount of the publicly available speech data is compromised
by background noise, speech overlapping, lack of speech segmentation
information, missing speaker labels, and incomplete transcriptions, which can
largely hinder their usefulness. On the other hand, human annotation of speech
data is both time-consuming and costly. To address this issue, we introduce an
automatic in-the-wild speech data preprocessing framework (AutoPrep) in this
paper, which is designed to enhance speech quality, generate speaker labels,
and produce transcriptions automatically. The proposed AutoPrep framework
comprises six components: speech enhancement, speech segmentation, speaker
clustering, target speech extraction, quality filtering and automatic speech
recognition. Experiments conducted on the open-sourced WenetSpeech and our
self-collected AutoPrepWild corpora demonstrate that the proposed AutoPrep
framework can generate preprocessed data with similar DNSMOS and PDNSMOS scores
compared to several open-sourced TTS datasets. The corresponding TTS system can
achieve up to 0.68 in-domain speaker similarity
Understanding the multi-scale structure and digestibility of different waxy maize starches
This work concerns different cultivars of waxy maize starch (WMS), from which a significant correlation between the multi-scale structure and the digestibility has been identified. WMSs show a typical A-type crystalline polymorph. The surface porosity of WMS granules facilitates their digestibility. In contrast, the in vitro digestion results indicate that the resistant starch (RS) content increased with higher contents of amylose, single helices, and surface short-range ordered structures. Resistant starch (RS) was found to be made up of single helices and perfect crystallites formed by the fraction of chains with a degree of polymerization (DP) between 13 and 24. Slowly digestible starch (SDS) consists of single helices. Rapidly digestible starch (RDS) is mainly composed of disordered molecular chains in the amorphous regions of starch. This work reveals the relationship between the multiscale structure and digestibility of different WMSs and can provide guidance for the application of WMSs in food or non-food fields
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