13 research outputs found
Haplotypes and diplotypes inferred based on the 3single nucleotide polymorphisms.
<p>Haplotypes and diplotypes inferred based on the 3single nucleotide polymorphisms.</p
Relative expression level of <i>BMP15</i> mRNA in follicles of 40w Laiwu Black chicken.
<p>Relative expression level of <i>BMP15</i> mRNA in follicles of 40w Laiwu Black chicken.</p
Primer parameters for SNPs identification and genotyping of <i>BMP15</i>.
<p>Primer parameters for SNPs identification and genotyping of <i>BMP15</i>.</p
Least-squares means and standard errors for reproduction traits of different genotypes in SNPs.
<p>The least square means within a row lacking a common lowercase superscript differ significantly (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p>The numbers in the brackets are the chicken individuals of respective genotypes.</p><p>Least-squares means and standard errors for reproduction traits of different genotypes in SNPs.</p
The expression of a chicken <i>BMP15</i> gene in liver, ovary and oviduct at the age of the same week.
<p>The expression of a chicken <i>BMP15</i> gene in liver, ovary and oviduct at the age of the same week.</p
Association of diplotypes of chicken <i>BMP15</i> gene with the reproductive traits.
<p><sup>1</sup> Bold values represent the advantageous diplotypes</p><p><sup>2</sup> Italic values represent the negative diplotypes.</p><p>** <i>P</i> ≤ 0.01</p><p>Association of diplotypes of chicken <i>BMP15</i> gene with the reproductive traits.</p
Additional file 5: of EZH2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through modulating miR-22/galectin-9 axis
Supplementary methods. (DOCX 14 kb
Design and Fabrication of Multifunctional Sericin Nanoparticles for Tumor Targeting and pH-Responsive Subcellular Delivery of Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs
The
severe cytotoxicity of cancer chemotherapy drugs limits their clinical
applications. Various protein-based nanoparticles with good biocompatibility
have been developed for chemotherapy drug delivery in hope of reducing
drugs’ side effects. Sericin, a natural protein from silk,
has no immunogenicity and possesses diverse bioactivities that have
prompted sericin’s application studies. However, the potential
of sericin as a multifunctional nanoscale vehicle for cancer therapy
have not been fully explored. Here we report the successful fabrication
and characterization of <u>f</u>ol<u>a</u>te-conjugated <u>s</u>erici<u>n</u> nanoparticles with cancer-targeting capability for pH-responsive
release of <u>d</u>oxorubicin (these nanoparticles
are termed “FA-SND”). DOX is covalently linked to sericin
through pH-sensitive hydrazone bonds that render a pH-triggered release
property. The hydrophobicity of DOX and the hydrophilicity of sericin
promote the self-assembly of sericin-DOX (SND) nanoconjugates. Folate
(FA) is then covalently grafted to SND nanoconjugates as a binding
unit for actively targeting cancer cells that overexpress folate receptors.
Our characterization study shows that FA-SND nanoparticles exhibit
negative surface charges that would reduce nonspecific clearance by
circulation. These nanoparticles possess good cytotoxicity and hemocompatibiliy.
Acidic environment (pH 5.0) triggers effective DOX release from FA-SND,
5-fold higher than does a neutral condition (pH 7.4). Further, FA-SND
nanoparticles specifically target folate-receptor-rich KB cells, and
endocytosed into lysosomes, an acidic organelle. The acidic microenvironment
of lysosomes promotes a rapid release of DOX to nuclei, producing
cancer specific chemo-cytotoxicity. Thus, FA-mediated cancer targeting
and lysosomal-acidity promoting DOX release, two sequentially-occurring
cellular events triggered by the designed components of FA-SND, form
the basis for FA-SND to achieve its localized and intracellular chemo-cytotoxicity.
Together, this study suggests that these FA-SND nanoparticles may
be a potentially effective carrier particularly useful for delivering
hydrophobic chemotherapeutic agents for treating cancers with high-level
expression of folate receptors