Variable High Precision Wide D-Band Phase Shifter

This paper proposes a new concept of designing compact high precision millimeter-wave wideband variable phase shifters. The phase shifter is implemented with a stacked shim with extremely short length of 0.9 mm and two waveguide flange adaptors with length of 0.5 mm. High precision phase shifting is achieved over entire D-band (110-170 GHz) by rotating the shim 90 degrees from aligned to perpendicular with consistent impedance matching performance. In addition, a glide-symmetric holey electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is adopted to avoid wave leakage from the gap between the shim and the flange adaptors. A proof-of-concept (PoC) demonstrator is designed, manufactured, and tested. The measured results show that the designed stacked shim phase shifter with embedded EBG structure ensures return loss higher than 10 dB across 110-170 GHz with a 75 mu m airgap between waveguide flanges. The studied phase shifter provides a 0.88ffi phase shifting with each degree of mechanical rotation. The fabricated PoC phase shifter has a worst-case insertion loss of 0.92 dB and a return loss of 20 dB across the entire 110-170 GHz band and a maximum phase shift of 30 degrees. At 10 degrees phase shifting, the measured insertion loss is lower than 0.52 dB, and return loss is higher than 23 dB, respectively

Integrated-EBG Ridge Waveguide and Its Application to an E-Band Waveguide 32 732 Slot Array Antenna

A methodology of designing an E-band waveguide 32 732 slot array antenna with high-efficiency and low-cost manufacturing characteristics is proposed in this article, which is based on an integrated electronic bandgap (EBG) ridge waveguide designed by integrating a cross rectangle-hollow EBG structures in the conventional ridge waveguide. The integrated EBG structure intercepts the leakage from the unconnected gap in between the two metallic plates of the waveguide, and then it decreases the manufacturing cost without using the diffusion bonding technology and multi-layer welding assembly process. The design guideline is discussed, and then the antenna is fabricated. The measured radiation characteristics are in good agreement with predicted ones, which confirms that the proposed cross rectangle-hollow EBG structures is an attractive candidate of high-performance millimeter wave antenna

The level of IL-35 in the circulation of patients with Graves’ disease

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of IL-35 in Graves’ disease (GD). Material and methods: A total of 142 GD patients including 80 newly onset patients, 52 refractory patients and 10 remission patients and 70 normal controls (NCs) were recruited. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of P35 and Epstein-Barr-virus-induced gene 3 (Ebi3) were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Serum level of IL-35 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The expression of IL-35mRNA in new onset GD and refractory GD were both significantly higher than NC. Comparison between remission GD and NC showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). A significant increase of Ebi3mRNA expression was observed in new onset GD compared with remission GD (p = 0.030). The new onset GD showed a tendency for increased expression of serum IL-35 but without significant difference. No correlation between IL-35 expression and clinic parameters was found. Conclusions: Our preliminary observations indicate that IL-35 and CD4+P35+Ebi3+T cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of GD

Influence of different processing times on the quality of Polygoni Multiflora Radix by metabolomics based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole timeâ ofâ flight mass spectrometry

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136757/1/jssc5378_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136757/2/jssc5378.pd

Y Chromosomes of 40% Chinese Are Descendants of Three Neolithic Super-grandfathers

Demographic change of human populations is one of the central questions for delving into the past of human beings. To identify major population expansions related to male lineages, we sequenced 78 East Asian Y chromosomes at 3.9 Mbp of the non-recombining region (NRY), discovered >4,000 new SNPs, and identified many new clades. The relative divergence dates can be estimated much more precisely using molecular clock. We found that all the Paleolithic divergences were binary; however, three strong star-like Neolithic expansions at ~6 kya (thousand years ago) (assuming a constant substitution rate of 1e-9/bp/year) indicates that ~40% of modern Chinese are patrilineal descendants of only three super-grandfathers at that time. This observation suggests that the main patrilineal expansion in China occurred in the Neolithic Era and might be related to the development of agriculture.Comment: 29 pages of article text including 1 article figure, 9 pages of SI text, and 2 SI figures. 5 SI tables are in a separate ancillary fil

Γ-CT Measurement and CFD Simulation of Cross Section Gas Holdup Distribution in a Gas-Liquid Stirred Standard Rushton Tank

Cross Section Gas Holdup Distributions at 3/4 Dimensionless Static Liquid Height in a Gas-Liquid Stirred Standard Rushton Tank Were Measured using 137Cs Γ-CT Scan Measuring Technology at Larger Gas Flow Rates and Higher Impeller Rotating Speeds. the Obtained CT Scan Images and Digital Distribution Curves of Gas Holdup with Dimensionless Radius based on the CT Images Could Explain the Fluctuation Changes of Gas Holdup Distribution. the Dense Area of Gas Holdup Distribution Appeared in the Upper Space of Impeller Blades. Gas Holdup Increased Both with Gas Flow Rate and Impeller Rotating Speed, But Gas Flow Rate Had More Influence on Gas Holdup Than Impeller Rotating Speed. the Eulerian-Eulerian Two-Fluid Model Coupling with the Bubbles\u27 Coalescence and Break-Up Models, and the Drag Coefficient Model Were Established to Make CFD Simulation of Gas Holdup Distributions for the Gas-Liquid Stirred Rushton Tank under Different Gas Flow Rates and Impeller Rotating Speeds. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd

On the Measurement of Gas Holdup Distribution Near the Region of Impeller in a Gas-Liquid Stirred Rushton Tank by Means of Γ-CT

Three Flow Patterns of Flooding, Loading and Complete Recirculation in a Gas-Liquid Stirred Rushton Tank Were Identified based on Experimental Observation. the Gas-Liquid System Was Composed of Air and Water. under Different Operating Conditions of Gas Flow Rate and Impeller Rotating Speed, the Distribution of Gas Holdup Near the Region of Impeller Was Measured using a Γ-CT Scan Method. Both Quantitative Digital Distribution Curves of Gas Holdup and their Qualitative Color CT Images Were Obtained. at the Region of Impeller, There Was a Convex Characteristic Peak of Gas Holdup Distribution Both in Radial and in Axial Directions, and with the Region Being Gradually Away from the Impeller, the Distribution of Gas Holdup Became Flatter. the Values of Gas Holdup in S33 Regime Were a Little Higher Than Those in L33 Regime. Higher Impeller Rotating Speed Had Some Effect on the Increasing of Gas Holdup at the Region of Higher Axial Height. the Experimental Measurement Results Were Basically Consistent with Those Previously Published by Bombač. the Hole Number and Diameter of Sparger Had Little Influence on the Distribution of Gas Holdup, While the Sparger\u27s Installed Height Had Significant Influence on Them. When the Sparger Was Installed Close to the Bottom of Rushton Tank, a Comparatively Smoother Distribution of Gas Holdup above the Space of Impeller Could Be Obtained. the Research Results in This Paper Were Useful for Better Understanding of Gas Holdup Distribution Near the Region of Impeller of Rushton Tank and Could Also Provide Experimental Data for CFD Simulation. © 2012 Elsevier B.V