Sequential Nucleophilic Substitutions Permit Orthogonal Click Functionalization of Multicomponent PEG Brushes

Multicomponent poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brushes (i.e., ≥2 adjacent PEG brushes) can be used to engineer culture substrates with microscale, nonfouling regions decorated with covalently immobilized ligands that mediate biospecific interactions. However, synthesizing such brushes with orthogonal immobilization chemistries to permit differential biofunctionalization is nontrivial and often requires synthesis of PEG-<i>co</i>-polymers. To simplify synthesis and enhance the versatility of such substrates, we developed a protocol for generating orthogonal click-functionalized multicomponent PEG brushes using sequential nucleophilic substitutions by sodium azide, ethanolamine, and propargylamine. The novel application of propargylamine-mediated substitution functionalizes PEG brushes with acetylene groups, and for the first time, ethanolamine-mediated substitution is shown to be sufficient for passivating the “living” polymer chain ends between brush synthesis steps. Thus, our multicomponent PEG brushes present dual orthogonal chemistries (i.e., azido and acetylene groups) for ligand immobilization via versatile copper-free click reactions, which are useful for in situ surface modifications during cell culture

Epigenome-wide association Manhattan plot for MetS in the GOLDN dataset (n = 846). MetS; metabolic syndrome.

<p>The blue line indicates a marginal significance level of 1.0 x 10⁻⁵; the red line indicates the genome-wide significance level of 1.1 x 10⁻⁷.</p

Differences in mean DNA methylation (%) of cg00574958 in <i>CPT1A</i> by risk factors of MetS.

<p>X-axis shows the criteria met (yes/no) for each component of MetS; Y-axis the mean DNA methylation (%) with error bars showing standard error. *P < 0.01, **P < 0.001. Black bars, MetS criteria not met; gray bars, MetS criteria met. MetS criteria include the following: waist circumference ≥ 102 cm for men and ≥ 88 cm for women; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 40 mg/dL for men and < 50 mg/dL for women; triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL; blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) ≥ 130 / ≥85 mm Hg; and fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL.</p

Intervention dans le Podcast les Arts du FLE pour faire le point sur la perspective actionnelle en classe de langues

Ce podcast est disponible en ligne, à l'adresse suivante :https://agi.to/podcast/arts-du-fle-08-actionne-ton-approche/Ce numéro 8 des Arts du FLE (émission spécialisée en FLE) propose un dossier spécial approches pédagogiques et perspective actionnelle. J'en suis l'invitée et j'y réponds de manière détaillée pendant près d'une heure aux questions de l'animateur et créateur de ce Podcast, Sébastien Durietz (en poste actuellement à l'ONU, à New-York)

Additional file 9: Table S8. of DNA methylation signatures of chronic low-grade inflammation are associated with complex diseases

Significant methylation-expression results and corresponding expression-CRP results for the replicated CpGs. (XLSX 11 kb

Additional file 10: Table S9. of DNA methylation signatures of chronic low-grade inflammation are associated with complex diseases

Significant associations between DNA methylation and corresponding nearby genetic variants and between the genetic variant and CRP in the largest published GWAS of CRP (n = 66,185). (XLSX 12 kb

Additional file 6: Figures S1–S4. of DNA methylation signatures of chronic low-grade inflammation are associated with complex diseases

(PDF 1036 kb