Report on the Observation of a Dark morph Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) in Daejeon Metropolitan City

AbstractOn March 16th, 2010, at 13:35, a single count of dark morph tree sparrow (Passer montanus) was observed for approximately 15 minutes while it was resting with approximately 30 ordinary tree sparrows at a terrace land on water (east longitude 127°21′31.4”, north latitude 36°18′20.2”) under Gasuwon Bridge (Gasuwongyo) of Gasuwon-dong, Seo-gu in Daejeon Metropolitan City. Dark morph tree sparrow has not been observed in nature for 16 years since its observation in Pyeongtaek-gun of Gyeonggi-do by the Korean Avian Association in 1994

EFFECTS OF 10 WEEKS TRAINING PROGRAM ON LOWER EXTREMITY STRENGTH AND VERTICAL REACTION FORCE DURING SIT-TO-STAND IN CHRONIC STROKE PATIENTS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 10 weeks training program on lower extremity strength and' vertical reaction force during sit-to-stand movement in chronic stroke patients. Maximum vertical ground reaction force, difference of vertical ground reaction force between left and right foot, COP in anteriorposterior and mediolateral direction did not show any significant time main effect. However, the difference of body weight distribution between the left and right foot was decreased in experimental group after training. The peak torque generated by the flexors of the paretic limb at 60o /sec and 180o/sec in experimental group changed from baseline, an increases of 30.23% and 24.09%, respectively. These results appear that 10 weeks training program improves sit-to-stand movement and lower extremity strength in chronic stroke patients

Severe hypotension and water intoxication developed after an accidental oxytocin overdose in a morbidly obese patient undergoing cesarean section -A case report-

We present a 32-year-old, extremely obese, pregnant woman who developed severe hypotension and water intoxication after an accidental injection of large bolus of oxytocin during cesarean section under general anesthesia. The patient was initially thought to have an amniotic fluid embolism because of the abrupt hemodynamic changes developed immediately after fetal delivery and lack of recognition of medication error. It is highly recommended that careful attention should be paid not only to the possibility of hemodynamic deterioration and water intoxication if oxytocin is given rapidly in excessive doses, but to the confirmation of the proper use of the drug before it is injected

Characteristics of Birds Community in Jeoksangsan (Mt.) during Breeding Season

AbstractThis study was conducted between April and July of both 2008 and 2010 at the Jeoksangsan (Mt.) of the Deogyusan National Park to examine the birds community of the region. A total of 730 individuals of 54 species, 27 families and 10 orders were observed during the study period. Dominant species included the Ardea cinerea at 148 individuals (29.72%), followed by the Paradoxornis webbianus at 93 individuals (12.74%), the Passer montanus at 91 individuals (12.47%), the Streptopelia orientalis at 33 individuals (4.52%), and the Hypsipetes amaurotis at 31 individuals (4.25%). The 2008 study showed a total of 498 individuals of 48 species and the 2010 study showed a total of 567 individulas of 46 species. This showed that the transition from 2008 to 2010 resulted in decrease in the number of species but increase in the number of individuals. Species diversity was higher in 2010, while species richness was slightly higher in 2008. The survey area was divided into forest region (more than 400m above sea level, total distance of 7km) and surrounding region (lower than 400m above sea level, total distance of 10km), and the result of the study of avian fauna in the regions showed a total of 191 individuals of 32 species, 20 families and 7 orders in the forest region and a total of 616 individuals of 44 species, 24 families and 10 orders in the surrounding region. In terms of density per distance, the surrounding region showed a higher level, at 58.67 Ind./km in comparison to the 27.29Ind./km of the forest region. On the other hand, in terms of species diversity, the forest region showed a much higher level at 3.04, when compared to the 1.95 of the surrounding region, and in terms of the species richness, the surrounding region showed 6.69, a value higher than the 5.90 of the forest region. The dominant species of the two regions differed. This is predicted to be caused by the different habitat structure and food resources distribution resulting from their environmental differences

Complete mitochondrial genome of the decomposer Ptecticus tenebrifer Walker, 1849 (Insecta: Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Ptecticus tenebrifer (Walker, 1849), which is endemic in East Asia, plays a critical role in natural processing of organic waste. In this study, we found that the complete mitochondrial genome of P. tenebrifer is 15681 bp in length obtained from the MGIseq system (MGI) with 150 bp paired-end reads. As with typical animal mitochondrial genomes, it contains 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood method with a bootstrap value of 500 and the Tamura-Nei model and reveals the close relationship with P. aurifer

Status of wintering populations of the baikal teal (Anas formosa) in Geumgang River, Korea

This study investigated the daily changes of individual numbers of the baikal teal migrating in Geumgang River from November in 2008 to March in 2009 and from November, 2011 to February, 2012. The finding from 2008 to 2009 showed that the highest number of 500,000 individuals (November, 2008) with an average of 146,582 ± 123,705 individuals were recorded. The finding from 2011 to 2012 indicated that the highest number of 250,000 individuals (January, 2012) with an average of 61,696 ± 63,407 individuals. The baikal teal's population was increased in the early wintering period was not observed in the mid-wintering period when the Geumgang River became frozen. On the other hand, the population tended to increase again in the late wintering period when the river began to thaw. As the baikal teals prefer flat water areas without currents, they were mainly observed in the upper stream of Geumgang estuary barrage but not in the downstream