N = 1 Designs: The Failure of ANOVA-Based Tests

↵TOOTHAKER, LARRY E. Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019.Specializations: Randomization tests, individual comparisons, robustness.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Sex differences in the effects of early experience on the development of behavioral and brain asymmetries in rats

The influence of early experience (preweaning handling) on the development of several postural/motor asymmetries (side bias in an open field, turn preference in a T-maze, amphetamine-induced rotational behavior, tail pinch-induced asymmetries) and the lateralization of brain dopamine was studied in adult male and female rats. In many cases the adult patterns of behavioral and brain asymmetries were modified by early handling in a sexually dimorphic manner. In addition, the direction of postural/motor asymmetries was very much task-dependent, especially in females. We conclude that: (1) early experience may modify the development of behavioral and brain asymmetries; (2) sex differences in asymmetries are very common; (3) early handling may affect males and females differently; and (4) different measures of postural/motor asymmetries may reflect different and multiple brain asymmetries.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/24713/1/0000134.pd

Gonadectomy attenuates turning behavior produced by electrical stimulation of the nigrostriatal dopamine system in female but not male rats

Rotational behavior induced by electrical stimulation of ascending dopamine neurons is used as a behavioral model to investigate gender and hormonal influences on extra-hypothalamic dopamine systems. Steroid hormones influence the metabolism of many dopaminergic drugs, and therefore this approach avoids the complications inherent in drug-induced behavior models of dopamine activity. We found that gonadectomy of female, but not male, rats severely attenuates electrical stimulation-induced rotational behavior. This suggests that some female gonadal steroid hormone(s) may modulate the activity of ascending dopamine neurons, while male gonadal hormones do not.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/24376/1/0000645.pd

Sex differences in the effects of gonadectomy on amphetamine-induced rotational behavior in rats

The effects of gonadectomy on amphetamine-induced rotational behavior were studied in male and female rats. Different systemic doses were used to produce equivalent brain concentrations of the drug in each group, thereby controlling for sex differences in the metabolism of amphetamine. Ovariectomy of female rats significantly attenuated amphetamine-induced rotation, whereas castration of males was without effect. The results support the idea that in females, the endogenous gonadal hormones facilitate functional activity in the mesostriatal dopamine system.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25998/1/0000064.pd

Sex differences and estrous cycle dependent variation in rotational behavior elicited by electrical stimulation of the mesostriatal dopamine system

In this study electrical stimulation-induced rotational behavior was used as a behavioral index of mesostriatal dopamine (DA) activity to investigate gender and hormonal influences on the DA system. In female rats we found estrous cycle related variations in electrical stimulation-induced rotational behavior. A constant electrical stimulus produced significantly more turning on the day of estrus, than it did 24 h later, on diestrus 1. Gonadectomy attenuated contraversive rotational behavior in female, but not male rats. In contrast, ovariectomy had no effect on the ipsiversive rotational behavior produced by stimulation of the reticular formation. This evidence supports the idea that endogenous changes in gonadal hormone levels influence the functional activity of the mesostriatal DA system in a sexually dimorphic mannerPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23814/1/0000053.pd

The Grizzly, November 8, 1985

Snyder Holds New Chair of Physics • Internships Problematic, but Necessary • Founder\u27s Day Filled with Science • Letters: The Good and Bad of Security • Science Makes its Stand in Liberal Arts Programs • In Search of Success: Jackson • Parsons Adds a Touch of Dutch Country • Playing Red/Gold in Recruitment • Freshman Urged to Begin Career Planning • Key Issues • Booters Play the Bridesmaid Again • Lady Bears Off to ECAC for Another Time • Bad Luck Strikes the Grizzlies • Box Lacrosse Popularity Grows • Successful Search for Liberal Arts Students • The Stand • Athlete of the Week • Education Department Offers Teaching Internshiphttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1151/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, January 31, 1986

Nursing Homes: A Solution for the Elderly? Investigation 1 • Fetterolf Nears Completion • Smokers and Non-Smokers Must Meet Half Way • Horrible Hunger Continues • A Look at a Better Ursinus • Can a Dream Become a Reality? • The Limelight Shines on Lynne Edwards • Profile: John French Adds a Musical Twist • Pain Brings Gain for the Swimmin\u27 Women • Gymnasts Vaulting Into a New Season • Track Season Starts at the Gun • Basketball Hall of Fame Cites Women\u27s Team as Second in All-Time Victories • Wellness Bear Spotted! • Applications Being Taken for St. Andrew\u27s Scholarship • Women\u27s Studies Program Seeks Campus Wide Interest • Profile: Mr. Rue Keeps Records Straight • Ursinus Professor Publishes Books on Pennsylvania Dutch • Ursinus Professor\u27s Philosophy Text Publishedhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1155/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, November 15, 1985

Alcohol Policy Revisited: Campus Pub? • Landis Becomes UC\u27s First Full-Time Minister • Wellness Sponsors Adopt-A-Smoker Contest • Letters: Kane Downs Kegs; Security Remains Controversial • Reverant Reflections • In Search of Success: Linda Troutman Lands Job at Prudential • Berry Receives Fulbright Scholarship • Protheatre • Bears Take ECAC for Third Time • McCloskey Breaks TD Pass Record Another One • Cross Country: To Sum it Up • Women\u27s Field Hockey Falters in First Round • Amazons Too Tough • Lindbergh Tragedy: We Love You Pelle! • College Degree Becoming More Valuablehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1152/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, January 31, 1986

Nursing Homes: A Solution for the Elderly? Investigation 1 • Fetterolf Nears Completion • Smokers and Non-Smokers Must Meet Half Way • Horrible Hunger Continues • A Look at a Better Ursinus • Can a Dream Become a Reality? • The Limelight Shines on Lynne Edwards • Profile: John French Adds a Musical Twist • Pain Brings Gain for the Swimmin\u27 Women • Gymnasts Vaulting Into a New Season • Track Season Starts at the Gun • Basketball Hall of Fame Cites Women\u27s Team as Second in All-Time Victories • Wellness Bear Spotted! • Applications Being Taken for St. Andrew\u27s Scholarship • Women\u27s Studies Program Seeks Campus Wide Interest • Profile: Mr. Rue Keeps Records Straight • Ursinus Professor Publishes Books on Pennsylvania Dutch • Ursinus Professor\u27s Philosophy Text Publishedhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1155/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 7, 1986

Refrigerators are Still a Hot Issue • Bridge Reopens • Nursing Homes: Investigation II • Letters: Controversial Issue has no Basis; Space Shuttle: Tragedy Turned Spectacle; Times are Changing • USGA Election Candidates • Mer Chicks Take Two • Mermen Drown W. Maryland • Bears No. 2 in MAC • Lady Bears Thrash Haverford • Gymnasts Take Bryn Mawr • A Tough Job Gets Recognition • Track Team Impressive at Widener • Lab Manual to be Rewritten • Open Dialog: Women Ministers • Coulter Chosen MVPhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1156/thumbnail.jp