Mean-square stability of linear systems over channels with random transmission delays

This work studies the mean-square stability and stabilization problem for networked feedback systems. Data transmission delays in the network channels of the systems are considered. It is assumed that these delays are i.i.d. processes with given probability mass functions (PMFs). A necessary and sufficient condition of mean-square (input-output) stability is studied for the networked feedback systems in terms of the input-output model and state-space model. Furthermore, according to this condition, mean-square stabilization via output feedback is studied for the networked feedback systems.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.1279

Contando historias: la responsabilidad de transmitir herencia cultural a través del diseño de personajes

Durante los últimos diez años, he tenido la oportunidad de producir y colaborar en diversos proyectos multidisciplinarios, tanto bidimensionales como tridimensionales, que han aportado a mi visión artística y desarrollo como diseñadora gráfica, al crear conceptos y diseñando personajes inspirados en la cultura peruana. Este documento es un breve recopilado de mi experiencia laboral a partir de mi egreso de la Facultad de Arte de la PUCP, a finales del 2012 de la especialidad de Diseño Gráfico, hasta el presente momento. El informe está distribuido en tres fases donde presento tres proyectos bajo mi marca Jumping Lomo, en colaboración con mi socio Guillermo Fajardo Sanchez, de diversas extensiones que exhiben la evolución de mi misión personal y profesional como una persona partícipe dentro de un espacio y tiempo en la historia de la comunidad a la que pertenezco. El primer proyecto se llama El Despertar del Wiracocha, presentado en el año 2019, en donde exploro y rescato los conceptos básicos de balance y armonía de la cosmovisión andina. Luego viene Perú te llevo en mi pecho, una experimentación unipersonal que se transformó en una experiencia compartida que hasta este momento lleva seis años desarrollándose. Por último, Wacky Gods, es un proyecto digital que representa la aspiración de ubicar representaciones pictóricas peruanas a lado de tendencias internacionales, y a su vez una crítica personal acerca de los nuevos arquetipos que habitan en esta era antropogénica.Over the last ten years, I have had the opportunity to produce and collaborate on various multidisciplinary projects, both two-dimensional and threedimensional, which have contributed to my artistic vision and development as a graphic designer, by creating concepts and designing characters inspired by Peruvian culture. This document is a brief compilation of my work experience since the conclusion of my studies at the Faculty of Arts at PUCP, specializing in Graphic Design, towards the end of 2012 up to the present time. The report is divided into three phases, three projects under my brand Jumping Lomo, in collaboration with my partner Guillermo Fajardo Sanchez. These projects of various dimensions demonstrate the evolution of my personal and professional mission within a specific space and time in the community to which I belong. The first project is called “The Awakening of Wiracocha”, presented in 2019, where I explore and bring awareness to the basic concepts of balance and harmony from the Andean cosmovision. Next is “Peru, I carry you in my heart”, a personal experiment that has evolved into a shared social experience and is currently in its sixth year of development. Finally, “Wacky Gods” is a digital project that blends my aspiration to position Peruvian representations alongside global trends, while also, my personal reflection on the new archetypes in this current anthropogenic era

The Nutritional Composition of Maca in Hypocotyls ( Lepidium meyenii

Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) was introduced to China in the recent two decades. Proximate compositions and secondary metabolites in dried maca tuber powders of different cultivation areas and colour types were analyzed and compared in order to provide the scientific guideline for its application. Cultivation region significantly affects the compositions of maca. The protein content of maca ranged from 9.31% to 21.02% by dry basis of maca powders and Xiaopingba-Y, Yulong-Y, and Pamirs-Y have the higher protein contents. The essential amino acids (EAA) contents ranged from 189.19 to 312.90 mg/g protein. The crude lipid content of different maca ranged from 0.59% to 1.00% and has no significant difference (P>0.05). The total dietary fiber (TDF) contents ranged from 17.82% to 26.00% and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) ranged from 2.46% to 7.88%, respectively. Maca samples were rich in Na, Mg, Ca, and K elements which ranged 138.3–187.8, 625.2–837.2, 3838.9–4502.7, and 5394.8–8063.3 mg/kg dry matter (DM). Xiaopingba-Y has the highest benzyl glucosinolate content which was 2.31 mg/g DM. Peru-Y and Xiaopingba have the higher contents of total alkaloids contents which was 2.61 and 2.56 mg/kg DM. Yongsheng-Y, Yulong-Y, and Pamirs-Y were rich in N-benzyl hexadecanamide contents, which were 0.164, 0.174, and 0.173 mg/g DM, respectively. Significant higher protein, total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, total alkaloids, and benzyl glucosinolate contents were found in purple and black maca compared to yellow maca in Pamirs, while there was no significant difference in N-benzyl hexadecanamide content

Smelt Was the Likely Beneficiary of an Antifreeze Gene Laterally Transferred Between Fishes

Background Type II antifreeze protein (AFP) from the rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax, is a calcium-dependent C-type lectin homolog, similar to the AFPs from herring and sea raven. While C-type lectins are ubiquitous, type II AFPs are only found in a few species in three widely separated branches of teleost fishes. Furthermore, several other non-homologous AFPs are found in intervening species. We have previously postulated that this sporadic distribution has resulted from lateral gene transfer. The alternative hypothesis, that the AFP evolved from a lectin present in a shared ancestor and that this gene was lost in most species, is not favored because both the exon and intron sequences are highly conserved. Results Here we have sequenced and annotated a 160 kb smelt BAC clone containing a centrally-located AFP gene along with 14 other genes. Quantitative PCR indicates that there is but a single copy of this gene within the smelt genome, which is atypical for fish AFP genes. The corresponding syntenic region has been identified and searched in a number of other species and found to be devoid of lectin or AFP sequences. Unlike the introns of the AFP gene, the intronic sequences of the flanking genes are not conserved between species. As well, the rate and pattern of mutation in the AFP gene are radically different from those seen in other smelt and herring genes. Conclusions These results provide stand-alone support for an example of lateral gene transfer between vertebrate species. They should further inform the debate about genetically modified organisms by showing that gene transfer between ‘higher’ eukaryotes can occur naturally. Analysis of the syntenic regions from several fishes strongly suggests that the smelt acquired the AFP gene from the herring

Comparative Genomics Identifies Candidate Genes for Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) Resistance in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) has been described as the hoof and mouth disease of salmon farming. ISA is caused by a lethal and highly communicable virus, which can have a major impact on salmon aquaculture, as demonstrated by an outbreak in Chile in 2007. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for ISA resistance has been mapped to three microsatellite markers on linkage group (LG) 8 (Chr 15) on the Atlantic salmon genetic map. We identified bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones and three fingerprint contigs from the Atlantic salmon physical map that contains these markers. We made use of the extensive BAC end sequence database to extend these contigs by chromosome walking and identified additional two markers in this region. The BAC end sequences were used to search for conserved synteny between this segment of LG8 and the fish genomes that have been sequenced. An examination of the genes in the syntenic segments of the tetraodon and medaka genomes identified candidates for association with ISA resistance in Atlantic salmon based on differential expression profiles from ISA challenges or on the putative biological functions of the proteins they encode. One gene in particular, HIV-EP2/MBP-2, caught our attention as it may influence the expression of several genes that have been implicated in the response to infection by infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV). Therefore, we suggest that HIV-EP2/MBP-2 is a very strong candidate for the gene associated with the ISAV resistance QTL in Atlantic salmon and is worthy of further study

Impacts on rural community development and governance by different land ownership: A comparative study based on two villages in China

The capability of rural community governance is significantly impacted by the different types of land ownership when capital investment in rural tourism to achieve rural revitalisation. The outcomes of which profoundly affect sustainable rural development. This study, by utilising a theoretical framework using double movement theory, aims to assess the impacts on rural community governance by two different land ownership models, the Enterprise-based Model (EBM) and the Community-based Model (CBM), in the process of capital flow to the countryside (CFC). Case studies of the two villages were adopted to examine and explore the logic of interaction between stakeholders and reveal the internal mechanism of rural community governance. The results of this research indicate that the CBM has considerable advantages over the EBM. In the CBM, the village collective retains land ownership without fully marketising, which allows villagers to maintain their bargaining power with investors whilst increasing their local awareness. In the EBM, however, the local government promotes the conversion of land ownership. The villagers benefit more from one-time acquisition but lose sustainable benefits created by local development. Stakeholders call for the need to create a development model beyond the market economy by maintaining China's rural land system in the process of CFC. In this regard, this paper provides an original contribution

Chromosomal Differences between European and North American Atlantic salmon Discovered by Linkage Mapping and Supported by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Analysis

BACKGROUND:Geographical isolation has generated a distinct difference between Atlantic salmon of European and North American Atlantic origin. The European Atlantic salmon generally has 29 pairs of chromosomes and 74 chromosome arms whereas it has been reported that the North American Atlantic salmon has 27 chromosome pairs and an NF of 72. In order to predict the major chromosomal rearrangements causing these differences, we constructed a dense linkage map for Atlantic salmon of North American origin and compared it with the well-developed map for European Atlantic salmon.RESULTS:The presented male and female genetic maps for the North American subspecies of Atlantic salmon, contains 3,662 SNPs located on 27 linkage groups. The total lengths of the female and male linkage maps were 2,153cM and 968cM respectively, with males characteristically showing recombination only at the telomeres. We compared these maps with recently published SNP maps from European Atlantic salmon, and predicted three chromosomal reorganization events that we then tested using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. The proposed rearrangements, which define the differences in the karyotypes of the North American Atlantic salmon relative to the European Atlantic salmon, include the translocation of the p arm of ssa01 to ssa23 and polymorphic fusions: ssa26 with ssa28, and ssa08 with ssa29.CONCLUSIONS:This study identified major chromosomal differences between European and North American Atlantic salmon. However, while gross structural differences were significant, the order of genetic markers at the fine-resolution scale was remarkably conserved. This is a good indication that information from the International Cooperation to Sequence the Atlantic salmon Genome, which is sequencing a European Atlantic salmon, can be transferred to Atlantic salmon from North America

Sampling strategies and integrated reconstruction for reducing distortion and boundary slice aliasing in high-resolution 3D diffusion MRI

Purpose: To develop a new method for high-fidelity, high-resolution 3D multi-slab diffusion MRI with minimal distortion and boundary slice aliasing. Methods: Our method modifies 3D multi-slab imaging to integrate blip-reversed acquisitions for distortion correction and oversampling in the slice direction (kz) for reducing boundary slice aliasing. Our aim is to achieve robust acceleration to keep the scan time the same as conventional 3D multi-slab acquisitions, in which data are acquired with a single direction of blip traversal and without kz-oversampling. We employ a two-stage reconstruction. In the first stage, the blip-up/down images are respectively reconstructed and analyzed to produce a field map for each diffusion direction. In the second stage, the blip-reversed data and the field map are incorporated into a joint reconstruction to produce images that are corrected for distortion and boundary slice aliasing. Results: We conducted experiments at 7T in six healthy subjects. Stage 1 reconstruction produces images from highly under-sampled data (R = 7.2) with sufficient quality to provide accurate field map estimation. Stage 2 joint reconstruction substantially reduces distortion artifacts with comparable quality to fully-sampled blip-reversed results (2.4× scan time). Whole-brain in-vivo results acquired at 1.22 mm and 1.05 mm isotropic resolutions demonstrate improved anatomical fidelity compared to conventional 3D multi-slab imaging. Data demonstrate good reliability and reproducibility of the proposed method over multiple subjects. Conclusion: The proposed acquisition and reconstruction framework provide major reductions in distortion and boundary slice aliasing for 3D multi-slab diffusion MRI without increasing the scan time, which can potentially produce high-quality, high-resolution diffusion MRI