The relationship between triglyceride, cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and immune responses to hepatitis B vaccine

Cholesterol homeostasis disorder and hypertriglyceridemia, as common metabolic conditions, have rarely been reported to affect the immune responses to the hepatitis B vaccine. Our study found that higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level showed a significant relationship with positive anti-HBs results (cOR = 1.479, 95% CI: 1.150, 1.901, p = 0.002; aOR = 1.304, 95% CI: 1.006, 1.691, p = 0.045), especially in individuals aged 18- to 40-year-old, female, smoking more than 100 cigarettes in life, and drinking more than 12 times every year. Lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level was associated with a negative anti-HBs result among participants aged 18- to 40-year-old, and participants who were obese. Higher level of HDL and lower level of LDL may be protective factors of better immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine. More research should be conducted to investigate the influence of the cholesterol level on the immune responses to the hepatitis B vaccine, and more in-depth research should be performed to uncover the mechanism

The generation of acetylcholine-induced asynchronous Ca²⁺ waves and their role in airway smooth muscle

Agonist-stimulated repetitive asynchronous Ca²⁺ waves (ACW) have emerged as ubiquitous Ca²⁺ signals in airway smooth muscle cells. Even though the role of this type of Ca²⁺ signal in airway smooth muscle (ASM) has yet to be defined, it is likely that ACW are involved in the regulation of airway constriction due to the significance of Ca²⁺ in ASM contraction. This thesis focuses on: (1) the primary function of ACW and (2) the signaling pathway(s) underlying agonist-induced ACW in intact ASM. Employing confocal imaging of Ca²⁺-sensitive dyes, we found that ACh elicits recurring intracellular Ca²⁺ waves in cells of the intact porcine tracheal and more importantly human bronchial muscle bundle. These Ca²⁺ waves were not synchronized between neighboring cells. Simultaneous measurement of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]i ) and isometric contraction indicates that induction of these ACW was temporally associated with development of force by the muscle bundles. By comparing the concentration dependence of force generation and the parameters characterizing ACW, we found that the concentration-dependent increase in ACh-induced force development by the ASM bundle is achieved by differential recruitment of cells to initiate Ca²⁺ waves followed by enhancement in the frequency of ACW and elevation of interspike [Ca²⁺ ]i once the cells are recruited. Furthermore, pharmacological characterization of the mechanism of ACh-induced ACW revealed that they are a result of repetitive cycles of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca²⁺ release via ryanodine-sensitive Ca²⁺ release channels followed by refilling of the SR via sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase. Plasmalemmal Ca²⁺ entry via the reverse-mode Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchange coupled with the non-selective cation permeable receptor-operated channels/store-operated channels, and to a lesser extent via the L-type voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels is involved in replenishing the SR and supporting the ongoing ACW. Given the significance of ASM in the pathogenesis of airway diseases such as asthma, these findings provide insights into the regulation of ASM contraction and potential therapeutic targets for the management of these diseases.Medicine, Faculty ofAnesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department ofGraduat

Numerical Study on the Denitrification Efficiency of Selective Noncatalytic Reduction Technology in Decomposing Furnace

In order to reduce the nitrogen oxide emission of cement plant, the denitrification of decomposing furnace is studied in this paper. Based on Fluent software platform, the 2500 t/d new dry-process cement kiln decomposing furnace of a plant is modeled and simulated by using air fractional combustion technology combined with selective noncatalytic reduction technology. The model and simulation methods are verified by the field test. The effects of the urea injection position and ammonia-nitrogen molar ratio on NO, NH3, and denitrification efficiency are studied by numerical simulation. The results show that the optimal injection position of the urea solution is 12 m, the optimal ammonia/nitrogen molar ratio is 1.8, and the optimal injection velocity of the urea solution is 40 m/s. The simulation results obtained under the optimal parameters are as follows: NO concentration is 187.60 mg/m3, NH3 escape is 32.40 mg/m3, and denitrification efficiency is 74.75%

Supplementary document for Label-free and dynamic monitoring of cell evolutions using wavelength-multiplexing surface plasmon resonance holographic microscopy - 6373783.pdf

Supplemental documen

Supplementary document for Label-free and dynamic monitoring of cell evolutions using wavelength-multiplexing surface plasmon resonance holographic microscopy - 6346919.pdf

Supplemental Documen