DBU-Promoted [4 + 4] Domino Cycloaddition of Ynones with Benzylidenepyrazolones To Access Eight-Membered Cyclic Ethers

An efficient DBU-promoted [4 + 4] domino annulation reactions of ynones and benzylidenepyrazolones has been developed. This process resulted finally in the formation of eight-membered cyclic ethers in moderate to good yields. The easy availability of starting materials and the simple cyclization procedure make this approach suitable for the preparation of a wide range of useful oxocino [2,3-<i>c</i>] pyrazoles

DBU-Promoted [4 + 4] Domino Cycloaddition of Ynones with Benzylidenepyrazolones To Access Eight-Membered Cyclic Ethers

An efficient DBU-promoted [4 + 4] domino annulation reactions of ynones and benzylidenepyrazolones has been developed. This process resulted finally in the formation of eight-membered cyclic ethers in moderate to good yields. The easy availability of starting materials and the simple cyclization procedure make this approach suitable for the preparation of a wide range of useful oxocino [2,3-<i>c</i>] pyrazoles

Regio- and Diastereoselective Construction of Spirocyclopenteneoxindoles through Phosphine-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of Methyleneindolinone with Alkynoate Derivatives

A phosphine-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of isatin-derived α,β-unsaturated ketones with alkynoates for the synthesis of cyclopentene spiro-oxindole skeletons has been developed. This reaction afforded the desired products in high to excellent yields (up to 99%) with high regioselectivity and moderate to high diastereoselectivities (up to 20:1). This strategy allows facile diastereoselective preparation of biologically important spiro-(cyclopentene) oxindoles containing three contiguous stereocenters, including the quaternary stereogenic center joining the two rings

Quantum Spin-Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulators and Topological Transitions in Functionalized Sb(111) Monolayers

Electronic and topological behaviors of Sb(111) monolayers decorated with H and certain magnetic atoms are investigated by using ab initio methods. The drastic exchange field induced by the magnetic atoms, together with strong spin–orbit coupling (SOC) of Sb atoms, generates one new category of valley polarized topological insulators, called quantum spin-quantum anomalous Hall (QSQAH) insulators in the monolayer, with a band gap up to 53 meV. The strong SOC is closely related to Sb p_<i>x</i> and p_<i>y</i> orbitals, instead of p_<i>z</i> orbitals in usual two-dimensional (2D) materials. Topological transitions from quantum anomalous Hall states to QSQAH states and then to time-reversal-symmetry-broken quantum spin Hall states are achieved by tuning the SOC strength. The behind mechanism is revealed. Our work is helpful for future valleytronic and spintronic applications in 2D materials

Graphic depiction of ND5 domain structure.

<p>a: Domain structure of ND5-1 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT). b: Domain structure of ND5-2 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT). c: Domain structure of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (WT). d: Domain structure of ND5 from <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>. Signal peptides are shown in red, transmembrane regions in blue, and low complexity in pink. The Oxidored_q1_N and Oxidored_q1 regions are shown in green. The NADH5_C region is shown in yellow.</p

Phylogenetic relationships among Dicroglossidae and Ranidae.

<p>Phylogenetic analyses were carried out for the 17 frogs based on all 11 protein-coding genes from their respective mt genomes. The tree was rooted with five out-groups (<i>P</i>. <i>nigromaculata</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>plancyi</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>adenopleura</i>, <i>O</i>. <i>ishikawae</i>, and <i>O</i>. <i>tormotus</i>). Numbers above the nodes are the bootstrap values of MP and ML, and the posterior probabilities of BI.</p

Phylogenetic relationships among <i>Hoplobatrachus</i>.

<p>Phylogenetic analysis was carried out for the 41 tiger frogs using the <i>Cyt b</i> gene. The tree was rooted with two out-groups (<i>E</i>. <i>cyanophlyctis</i> and <i>E</i>. <i>hexadactylus</i>). Numbers at the nodes are NJ bootstrap values.</p

Location of features in the mtDNA of <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT).

<p>Location of features in the mtDNA of <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> (BT).</p

Primer sequences used in this study.

<p>Notes: Y = C/T, R = A/G, M = A/C, W = A/T, K = G/T, S = G/C, and H = A/T/C.</p><p>Primer sequences used in this study.</p

Statistics describing the divergence (<i>p</i>-distance) in mitochondrial genes between <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> wild type and <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>, between <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> wild type and bred type, as well as between <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> bred type and <i>H</i>. <i>tigerinus</i>.

<p>W: <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> wild type; B: <i>H</i>. <i>rugulosus</i> bred type; T: <i>H</i>. <i>Tigerinus</i>.</p