Spectral Adversarial Training for Robust Graph Neural Network

Recent studies demonstrate that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to slight but adversarially designed perturbations, known as adversarial examples. To address this issue, robust training methods against adversarial examples have received considerable attention in the literature. \emph{Adversarial Training (AT)} is a successful approach to learning a robust model using adversarially perturbed training samples. Existing AT methods on GNNs typically construct adversarial perturbations in terms of graph structures or node features. However, they are less effective and fraught with challenges on graph data due to the discreteness of graph structure and the relationships between connected examples. In this work, we seek to address these challenges and propose Spectral Adversarial Training (SAT), a simple yet effective adversarial training approach for GNNs. SAT first adopts a low-rank approximation of the graph structure based on spectral decomposition, and then constructs adversarial perturbations in the spectral domain rather than directly manipulating the original graph structure. To investigate its effectiveness, we employ SAT on three widely used GNNs. Experimental results on four public graph datasets demonstrate that SAT significantly improves the robustness of GNNs against adversarial attacks without sacrificing classification accuracy and training efficiency.Comment: Accepted by TKDE. Code availiable at https://github.com/EdisonLeeeee/SA

Web of scholars : a scholar knowledge graph

In this work, we demonstrate a novel system, namely Web of Scholars, which integrates state-of-the-art mining techniques to search, mine, and visualize complex networks behind scholars in the field of Computer Science. Relying on the knowledge graph, it provides services for fast, accurate, and intelligent semantic querying as well as powerful recommendations. In addition, in order to realize information sharing, it provides open API to be served as the underlying architecture for advanced functions. Web of Scholars takes advantage of knowledge graph, which means that it will be able to access more knowledge if more search exist. It can be served as a useful and interoperable tool for scholars to conduct in-depth analysis within Science of Science. © 2020 ACM

Skid resistance demands of asphalt pavement during the braking process of autonomous vehicles

As the main operationality of AVs, the braking property is directly related to traffic safety. Major traffic accidents are often related to the braking distance, the side slip and hydroplaning during the emergency braking, which depends on the pavement skid resistance. Therefore, the estimation to relate AVs braking distance requirements with pavement peak friction coefficient to ensure a safe driving condition on expressway is of high practical significance. In this paper, the effect of AVs on braking performance parameters and dynamic friction on tire-pavement interaction are investigated. Based on the field test of the Coastal highway in Jiangsu province of China, this paper proposes an algorithm to determine time-dependent braking distance of AVs considering pavement frictional properties. According to the algorithm, an AVs braking system is provided to reach the maximum braking force for improving the AVs traffic safety. Furthermore, it revises the braking distance formula of Design Specification for Highway Alignment and the skid resistance threshold adopted by Technical Specifications for Maintenance of Highway Asphalt Pavement

Architecture engineering of carbonaceous anodes for high‐rate potassium‐ion batteries

The limited lithium resource in earth's crust has stimulated the pursuit of alternative energy storage technologies to lithium‐ion battery. Potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are regarded as a kind of promising candidate for large‐scale energy storage owing to the high abundance and low cost of potassium resources. Nevertheless, further development and wide application of KIBs are still challenged by several obstacles, one of which is their fast capacity deterioration at high rates. A considerable amount of effort has recently been devoted to address this problem by developing advanced carbonaceous anode materials with diverse structures and morphologies. This review presents and highlights how the architecture engineering of carbonaceous anode materials gives rise to high‐rate performances for KIBs, and also the beneficial conceptions are consciously extracted from the recent progress. Particularly, basic insights into the recent engineering strategies, structural innovation, and the related advances of carbonaceous anodes for high‐rate KIBs are under specific concerns. Based on the achievements attained so far, a perspective on the foregoing, and proposed possible directions, and avenues for designing high‐rate anodes, are presented finally

Acquisition method of asphalt pavement texture information based on the CPR Technology

In order to obtain the asphalt pavement texture information in real time and accurately monitor the anti-skid performance of the road pavement, an automatic close range photogrammetry system (ACPR system) was proposed and built based on the circle arranged three cameras close range photogrammetry (CPR) technology to obtain the asphalt pavement surface texture. Automatic image acquisition and 3D reconstruction were achieved by the ACPR system. Sand patch method and laser scanning method (ZGScan) were used to collect the on-site comparison test of the asphalt pavement texture. Mean texture depth (MTD) and root mean square roughness (RSMR) were chosen as the statistical indicators of road surface texture. The results show that the texture data obtained by ACPR system has relatively high accuracy and efficiency, and the recognition accuracy is close to 0.02mm. The ACPR system improves the efficiency and accuracy of traditional close range photogrammetry and provides real-time and effective road surface anti-skid information for subsequent safety braking of autonomous vehicle

Analysis and Design of Leaky-Wave Antenna with Low SLL Based on Half-Mode SIW Structure

This paper presents a novel leaky-wave antenna based on the Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) structure with low side lobe level. The effect of the structural parameters of the LWAs on the radiation performances is studied. Using beam-forming technique, the leakage loss factor α along the radiation aperture is designed in a tapered way by controlling the aperture depth along the structure. This controls the radiated power along the antenna aperture and finally achieves the radiation pattern with low SLL. Furthermore, the antenna structure is optimized to get an even lower SLL

Analyzing the Correlation between the Level of Serum Markers and Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Disease by Multiple Parameters

Objective. To explore the serum markers associated with ischemic cerebral vascular disease (ICVD) and discuss their diagnostic value. Methods. Two hundred and eighty-eight patients with ICVD and one hundred and eighty healthy persons were enrolled as the case group and the control group, respectively. This paper then carried out the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of their respective levels of serum markers, made combined analysis of related factors, and detected the diagnostic value. Results. Meta-analysis results showed that for ICVD patients the levels of CRP, S-100, TNF-α, HCY, NSE, and IL-6 were higher than those of the healthy persons, while the level of HDL was obviously lower than that of the healthy persons. The multivariate regression analysis indicated that the association between the level of HDL and TNF-α and the occurrence of ICVD was statistically significant (P<0.05). The area under the curves (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of HDL and TNF-α was 0.916, with sensitivity of 90.91% and specificity of 76.47%. Conclusion. HDL has negative correlation with the occurrence of ICVD, while TNF-α was positively correlated with it. The combination test of HDL and TNF-α could raise the accuracy of ICVD diagnosis