pH-Responsive Janus Film Constructed with Hydrogen-Bonding Assembly and Dopamine Chemistry

Poly­(acrylic acid) (PAA) was partially grafted with dopamine (PAA-dopa), and then layer-by-layer assembled with poly­(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON) to prepare hydrogen-bonded (PVPON/PAA-dopa)<i>_n</i> film. Polydopamine (PDA) was deposited on (PVPON/PAA-dopa)<i>_n</i> film in the presence of oxidant, and hence the whole (PVPON/PAA-dopa)<i>_n</i>PDA film was cross-linked. (PVPON/PAA-dopa)<i>_n</i>PDA could be utilized as a platform to produce the free-standing Janus film because of the easy detaching process and various chemical reactivity of PDA layer. Ag nanoparticles were formed on (PVPON/PAA-dopa)<i>_n</i>PDA film by electroless metallization. 1<i>H</i>,1<i>H</i>,2<i>H</i>,2<i>H</i>-Perfluorodecanethiol (PFDT) was used to further modify the film through Michael addition. After detaching from the substrate, (PVPON/PAA-dopa)₂₀PDA/Ag/PFDT exhibits reversible swelling–shrinking behavior as the pH value changes. This free-standing film shows Janus character, one side is hydrophobic, whereas the other side is hydrophilic. In addition, the hydrophobic surface exhibits a surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect, whereas the hydrophilic side does not

Video_1_A rare huge bladder inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor treated by en bloc resection with diode laser: a case report and literature review.mp4

BackgroundInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm with malignant potential. Bladder IMT is even rarer and mainly treated by surgical resection However, partial or radical cystectomy would affect the quality of life of patients due to major surgical trauma, and classical TURBT is hard to avoid intraoperative complications including obturator nerve reflex and bleeding etc. Therefore, the safe and effective better choice of surgical approaches become critical to bladder IMT.Case presentationA 42-year-old male patient was admitted to the department of urology with persistent painless gross hematuria for more than 10 days without the presentation of hypertension. Preoperative routine urine examination of red blood cells was 7738.9/HPF (normal range ≤ 3/HPF). CTU indicated a space occupying lesion (6.0 cm×5.0 cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder with heterogeneous enhancement in the excretory phase. MRI also indicated bladder tumor with slightly equal SI on T1WI and mixed high SI on T2WI (6.0 cm×5.1cm×3.5cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder. En bloc resection of bladder IMT with 1470 nm diode laser in combination of removing the enucleated tumor by the morcellator system was performed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed bladder IMT, with IHC positive for Ki-67 (15-20%), CK AE1/AE3, SMA, and Desmin of bladder IMT and negative for ALK of bladder IMT as well as FISH negative for ALK gene rearrangement. Second TUR with 1470 nm diode laser was performed within 6 weeks to reduce postoperative risk of recurrence due to highly malignant potential for the high expression of Ki-67 (15-20%) and negative ALK in IHC staining. The second postoperative pathology report showed chronic inflammation concomitant with edema of the bladder mucosa without bladder IMT, furthermore no tumor was observed in muscularis propria layer of bladder. No recurrence occurred during the period of 24-month follow-up.ConclusionEn bloc resection of bladder IMT in combination of the following second transurethral resection with 1470 nm diode laser is a safe and effective surgical approach for the huge bladder IMT with highly malignant potential.</p

DataSheet_1_A rare huge bladder inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor treated by en bloc resection with diode laser: a case report and literature review.pdf

BackgroundInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm with malignant potential. Bladder IMT is even rarer and mainly treated by surgical resection However, partial or radical cystectomy would affect the quality of life of patients due to major surgical trauma, and classical TURBT is hard to avoid intraoperative complications including obturator nerve reflex and bleeding etc. Therefore, the safe and effective better choice of surgical approaches become critical to bladder IMT.Case presentationA 42-year-old male patient was admitted to the department of urology with persistent painless gross hematuria for more than 10 days without the presentation of hypertension. Preoperative routine urine examination of red blood cells was 7738.9/HPF (normal range ≤ 3/HPF). CTU indicated a space occupying lesion (6.0 cm×5.0 cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder with heterogeneous enhancement in the excretory phase. MRI also indicated bladder tumor with slightly equal SI on T1WI and mixed high SI on T2WI (6.0 cm×5.1cm×3.5cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder. En bloc resection of bladder IMT with 1470 nm diode laser in combination of removing the enucleated tumor by the morcellator system was performed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed bladder IMT, with IHC positive for Ki-67 (15-20%), CK AE1/AE3, SMA, and Desmin of bladder IMT and negative for ALK of bladder IMT as well as FISH negative for ALK gene rearrangement. Second TUR with 1470 nm diode laser was performed within 6 weeks to reduce postoperative risk of recurrence due to highly malignant potential for the high expression of Ki-67 (15-20%) and negative ALK in IHC staining. The second postoperative pathology report showed chronic inflammation concomitant with edema of the bladder mucosa without bladder IMT, furthermore no tumor was observed in muscularis propria layer of bladder. No recurrence occurred during the period of 24-month follow-up.ConclusionEn bloc resection of bladder IMT in combination of the following second transurethral resection with 1470 nm diode laser is a safe and effective surgical approach for the huge bladder IMT with highly malignant potential.</p

Video_2_A rare huge bladder inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor treated by en bloc resection with diode laser: a case report and literature review.mp4

BackgroundInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm with malignant potential. Bladder IMT is even rarer and mainly treated by surgical resection However, partial or radical cystectomy would affect the quality of life of patients due to major surgical trauma, and classical TURBT is hard to avoid intraoperative complications including obturator nerve reflex and bleeding etc. Therefore, the safe and effective better choice of surgical approaches become critical to bladder IMT.Case presentationA 42-year-old male patient was admitted to the department of urology with persistent painless gross hematuria for more than 10 days without the presentation of hypertension. Preoperative routine urine examination of red blood cells was 7738.9/HPF (normal range ≤ 3/HPF). CTU indicated a space occupying lesion (6.0 cm×5.0 cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder with heterogeneous enhancement in the excretory phase. MRI also indicated bladder tumor with slightly equal SI on T1WI and mixed high SI on T2WI (6.0 cm×5.1cm×3.5cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder. En bloc resection of bladder IMT with 1470 nm diode laser in combination of removing the enucleated tumor by the morcellator system was performed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed bladder IMT, with IHC positive for Ki-67 (15-20%), CK AE1/AE3, SMA, and Desmin of bladder IMT and negative for ALK of bladder IMT as well as FISH negative for ALK gene rearrangement. Second TUR with 1470 nm diode laser was performed within 6 weeks to reduce postoperative risk of recurrence due to highly malignant potential for the high expression of Ki-67 (15-20%) and negative ALK in IHC staining. The second postoperative pathology report showed chronic inflammation concomitant with edema of the bladder mucosa without bladder IMT, furthermore no tumor was observed in muscularis propria layer of bladder. No recurrence occurred during the period of 24-month follow-up.ConclusionEn bloc resection of bladder IMT in combination of the following second transurethral resection with 1470 nm diode laser is a safe and effective surgical approach for the huge bladder IMT with highly malignant potential.</p

Image_1_A rare huge bladder inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor treated by en bloc resection with diode laser: a case report and literature review.pdf

BackgroundInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm with malignant potential. Bladder IMT is even rarer and mainly treated by surgical resection However, partial or radical cystectomy would affect the quality of life of patients due to major surgical trauma, and classical TURBT is hard to avoid intraoperative complications including obturator nerve reflex and bleeding etc. Therefore, the safe and effective better choice of surgical approaches become critical to bladder IMT.Case presentationA 42-year-old male patient was admitted to the department of urology with persistent painless gross hematuria for more than 10 days without the presentation of hypertension. Preoperative routine urine examination of red blood cells was 7738.9/HPF (normal range ≤ 3/HPF). CTU indicated a space occupying lesion (6.0 cm×5.0 cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder with heterogeneous enhancement in the excretory phase. MRI also indicated bladder tumor with slightly equal SI on T1WI and mixed high SI on T2WI (6.0 cm×5.1cm×3.5cm) in the left posterior wall of the bladder. En bloc resection of bladder IMT with 1470 nm diode laser in combination of removing the enucleated tumor by the morcellator system was performed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed bladder IMT, with IHC positive for Ki-67 (15-20%), CK AE1/AE3, SMA, and Desmin of bladder IMT and negative for ALK of bladder IMT as well as FISH negative for ALK gene rearrangement. Second TUR with 1470 nm diode laser was performed within 6 weeks to reduce postoperative risk of recurrence due to highly malignant potential for the high expression of Ki-67 (15-20%) and negative ALK in IHC staining. The second postoperative pathology report showed chronic inflammation concomitant with edema of the bladder mucosa without bladder IMT, furthermore no tumor was observed in muscularis propria layer of bladder. No recurrence occurred during the period of 24-month follow-up.ConclusionEn bloc resection of bladder IMT in combination of the following second transurethral resection with 1470 nm diode laser is a safe and effective surgical approach for the huge bladder IMT with highly malignant potential.</p

Template-directed synthesis of photocatalyst-encapsulating metal-organic frameworks with boosted photocatalytic activity

In the past decade, the use of visible light to promote organic transformations has gained intense attention. In this study, we developed a template-directed synthesis method to use homogenous Ru and Ir photocatalysts as structure-directing templates and succeeded to prepare a series of photocatalyst-encapsulating metal-organic frameworks (photocatalyst@MOFs) with zeolite-like structures. The open channels and polyhedral cages of MOFs allowed effectively disperse the encapsulated photocatalysts and facilitated the transport of reactants and products, leading to boosted catalytic activity and good reusability toward important organic reactions such as aerobic oxidation reaction of benzyl halides and the cyclization of tertiary anilines and maleimides under visible light. Moreover, we also demonstrate the versatility and universality of our templating strategy. It not only can form MOFs which cannot be accessed by other synthesis methods, but also can encapsulate various commercially available homogeneous photocatalysts into MOFs. This work explores a avenue to prepare heterogeneous photocatalysts to catalyze value-added reaction

Significant Reductions in Secondary Aerosols after the Three-Year Action Plan in Beijing Summer

Air quality in China has continuously improved during the Three-Year Action Plan (2018–2020); however, the changes in aerosol composition, properties, and sources in Beijing summer remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted real-time measurements of aerosol composition in five summers from 2018 to 2022 along with WRF-Community Multiscale Air Quality simulations to characterize the changes in aerosol chemistry and the roles of meteorology and emission reductions. Largely different from winter, secondary inorganic aerosol and photochemical-related secondary organic aerosol (SOA) showed significant decreases by 55–67% in summer, and the most decreases occurred in 2021. Comparatively, the decreases in the primary aerosol species and gaseous precursors were comparably small. While decreased atmospheric oxidation capacity as indicated by ozone changes played an important role in changing SOA composition, the large decrease in aerosol liquid water and small increase in particle acidity were critical for nitrate changes by decreasing gas-particle partitioning substantially (∼28%). Analysis of meteorological influences demonstrated clear and similar transitions in aerosol composition and formation mechanisms at a relative humidity of 50–60% in five summers. Model simulations revealed that emission controls played the decisive role in reducing sulfate, primary OA, and anthropogenic SOA during the Three-Year Action Plan, while meteorology affected more nitrate and biogenic SOA