Synthesis of 3‑SCF₂H‑/3-SCF₃‑chromones via Interrupted Pummerer Reaction/Intramolecular Cyclization Mediated by Difluoromethyl or Trifluoromethyl Sulfoxide and Tf₂O

The reaction of alkynyl aryl ketones bearing an o-methoxy group with difluoromethyl sulfoxide in the presence of Tf2O was found to conveniently afford the corresponding 3-SCF2H-substituted chromones. The combining use of difluoromethyl sulfoxide/Tf2O could represent the first reagents system that can introduce the biologically important SCF2H moiety under base-free conditions via an interrupted Pummerer reaction. The same protocol could also be applied to the synthesis of 3-SCF3-substituted chromones by replacing difluoromethyl sulfoxide with trifluoromethyl sulfoxide and CH3CN with toluene

Effects of training intensity, interval time, and training method on jump height in two stages.

(A) Time × protocol interaction effects on jump height over time in different training intensities. (B) Time × training intensity interaction effects on jump height over time under different training methods. (C) Jump height of the same population receiving different training protocols in two stages.</p

Effects of training intensity, interval time, and training method on jump impulse in two stages.

(A) Time × protocol interaction effects on impulse over time in different training intensities. (B) Time × training intensity interaction effects on impulse over time in different training methods. (C) Comparison of impulses of the same crowd under different training methods in the two stages.</p

Effects of training intensity, interval time, and training method on jump peak power in two stages.

(A) Time × protocol interaction effects on PPO over time in different training intensities. (B) Time × training intensity interaction effects on PPO over time with different training methods. (C) Comparison of PPOs of the same crowd under different training methods in the two stages.</p

Mean test ± standard deviations (SD), test reliability.

Mean test ± standard deviations (SD), test reliability.</p

S1 Data -

(XLSX)</p

Basic information of the participates.

Basic information of the participates.</p

Effects of training intensity, interval time, and training method on the 30-meter sprint in two stages.

(A) Time × protocol interaction effects on 30 m sprint speed over time in different training intensities. (B) Time × training intensity interaction effects on 30 m sprint speed over time with different training methods. (C) Comparison of 30 m sprint speeds of the same crowd under different training methods in the two stages.</p

Flowchart of the experiment.

Flowchart of the experiment.</p

Phase Interface Regulating on Amorphous/Crystalline Bismuth Catalyst for Boosted Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction to Formate

Electroreduction of carbon dioxide into readily collectable and high-value carbon-based fuels is greatly significant to overcome the energy and environmental crises yet challenging in the development of robust and highly efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, a bismuth (Bi) heterophase electrode with enriched amorphous/crystalline interfaces was fabricated via cathodically in situ transformation of Bi-based metal-phenolic complexes (Bi-tannic acid, Bi-TA). Compared with amorphous or crystalline Bi catalyst, the amorphous/crystalline structure Bi leads to significantly enhanced performance for CO2 electroreduction. In a liquid-phase H-type cell, the Faraday efficiency (FE) of formate formation is over 90% in a wide potential range from −0.8 to −1.3 V, demonstrating a high selectivity toward formate. Moreover, in a flow cell, a large current density reaching 600 mA cm–2 can further be rendered for formate production. Theoretical calculations indicate that the amorphous/crystalline Bi heterophase interface exhibits a favorable adsorption of CO2 and lower energy barriers for the rate-determining step compared with the crystalline Bi counterparts, thus accelerating the reaction process. This work paves the way for the rational design of advanced heterointerface catalysts for CO2 reduction