Experimental Research on the Influence of Innovative After-Class Activities on Primary Students’ Attention

Nowadays, due to factors such as long teaching time of the teacher, students often show problems of inattention. The purpose of this article is to explore whether innovative after-class activities can significantly improve the attention level of third-grade primary students. Through teaching experiment intervention, the attention levels of boys and girls in the experimental group and the control group were compared. According to the principle of no significant difference in the previous test, four classes of the third grade of Xiangtan Road Primary School in Qingdao, Shandong Province were selected, two as experimental classes (60 students, including 30 boys and 30 girls) and two as control classes (60students , including 30 boys and 30 girls).Students in the experimental class conducted half-hour innovative after-class activities, including youth boxing competitions, and football、basketball and volleyball competitions etc.; the control class only conducted regular 800-meter running exercises. The D2 attention test tool was used to test the students\u27 attention level before and after the experiment. The intervention lasted 8 months, and in the present study, the appropriate IRB approval has been obtained from East China Normal University. Using SPSS23.0 data analysis software, the independent sample T test was used to analyze the difference in attention levels between the experimental group and the control group before and after the experiment. This article only presents results with significant differences. The experimental group was significantly higher in processing speed (TN) and anti-interference ability (E1 \ E2) than the control group [(TN) T = -1.851 P = 0.003 \u3c 0.01] [(E1 \ E2) T = 2.842 P= 0.005 \u3c 0.01]; the processing speed (TN) of the boys in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (T = -2.490 P = 0.016 \u3c 0.05); the girls in the experimental group were able to resist interference with the distractions (E1 \ E2) higher than the control group (T = 2.842 P = 008 \u3c 0.01). Innovative after-class activities include a wide range of sports events, especially based on competitions can significantly improve the attention level of third-grade students. Boys are more focused on quick tasks, and girls are more focused on noisy tasks. Schools should carry out more innovative after-class activities to enrich the student\u27s learning life and improve students\u27 level of attention

Crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) enhances adhesion and electrochemical performance of Si anodes in Li-ion batteries

Water-soluble binders such as poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) possess many advantages in the slurry and electrode preparation due to their low-cost and environmental friendliness. However, due to the linear nature of these binders, they are susceptible to slide under the continuous volume variation of Si-containing anodes during cycling. Therefore, a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected polymeric network is required to provide robust mechanical adhesion with the Si particles to maintain the electrode integrity for excellent cycle stability. Here, pentaerythritol (PER) is used as a crosslinking agent to connect the linear PAA binder to enhance its adhesion strength for Si anodes, which is systematically confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric (TG) measurements. Si electrodes with crosslinked PAA-PER binder show enhanced adhesion and elasticity, exhibiting a more robust electrode integrity than purely PAA-based Si electrodes. Galvanostatic cycling shows that Si-PAA-5%PER electrodes maintain a higher discharge capacity of 514.3 mAh g-1 (after 10 cycles) for micro-sized and 1502.1 mAh g-1 (after 105 cycles) for nano-sized Si particles compared to 257.6 mAh g-1 and 1413.9 mAh g-1 for micro- and nano-sized Si in Si-PAA electrodes, respectively. XPS analyses on cycled electrodes confirmed that crosslinked PAA-PER binder has no negative effects on the SEI formation and its functionality in Si electrodes. SEM cross-sections reveal that Si-PAA-5%PER electrodes show reduced electrode thickness variation (micro-/nano-: 114.2%/182.2%) than that of Si-PAA electrodes (micro-/nano-: 134.1%/212.0%) after cycling, which indicates that crosslinked PAA-PER binder can enhance the electrode integrity due to its 3D interconnected network. This work provides meaningful insight into the exploration of novel binders and their impact on the SEI formation and functionality, especially for high-capacity alloy-type anode materials

Numerical Investigation of Airborne Infection Risk in an Elevator Cabin under Different Ventilation Designs

Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via virus-laden aerosols in enclosed spaces poses a significant concern. Elevators, commonly utilized enclosed spaces in modern tall buildings, present a challenge as the impact of varying heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems on virus transmission within these cabins remains unclear. In this study, we employ computational modeling to examine aerosol transmission within an elevator cabin outfitted with diverse HVAC systems. Using a transport equation, we model aerosol concentration and assess infection risk distribution across passengers' breathing zones. We calculate particle removal efficiency for each HVAC design and introduce a suppression effect criterion to evaluate the effectiveness of the HVAC systems. Our findings reveal that mixing ventilation, featuring both inlet and outlet at the ceiling, proves most efficient in reducing particle spread, achieving a maximum removal efficiency of 79.40% during the exposure time. Conversely, the stratum ventilation model attains a mere removal efficiency of 3.97%. These results underscore the importance of careful HVAC system selection in mitigating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission within elevator cabins.Comment: 38 pages, 14 figure

Using Deep Mixture-of-Experts to Detect Word Meaning Shift for TempoWiC

This paper mainly describes the dma submission to the TempoWiC task, which achieves a macro-F1 score of 77.05% and attains the first place in this task. We first explore the impact of different pre-trained language models. Then we adopt data cleaning, data augmentation, and adversarial training strategies to enhance the model generalization and robustness. For further improvement, we integrate POS information and word semantic representation using a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) approach. The experimental results show that MoE can overcome the feature overuse issue and combine the context, POS, and word semantic features well. Additionally, we use a model ensemble method for the final prediction, which has been proven effective by many research works

Machine learning and integrative analysis identify the common pathogenesis of azoospermia complicated with COVID-19

BackgroundAlthough more recent evidence has indicated COVID-19 is prone to azoospermia, the common molecular mechanism of its occurrence remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study is to further investigate the mechanism of this complication.MethodsTo discover the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways of azoospermia and COVID-19, integrated weighted co-expression network (WGCNA), multiple machine learning analyses, and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) were performed.ResultsTherefore, we screened two key network modules in the obstructive azoospermia (OA) and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) samples. The differentially expressed genes were mainly related to the immune system and infectious virus diseases. We then used multiple machine learning methods to detect biomarkers that differentiated OA from NOA. Enrichment analysis showed that azoospermia patients and COVID-19 patients shared a common IL-17 signaling pathway. In addition, GLO1, GPR135, DYNLL2, and EPB41L3 were identified as significant hub genes in these two diseases. Screening of two different molecular subtypes revealed that azoospermia-related genes were associated with clinicopathological characteristics of age, hospital-free-days, ventilator-free-days, charlson score, and d-dimer of patients with COVID-19 (P < 0.05). Finally, we used the Xsum method to predict potential drugs and single-cell sequencing data to further characterize whether azoospermia-related genes could validate the biological patterns of impaired spermatogenesis in cryptozoospermia patients.ConclusionOur study performs a comprehensive and integrated bioinformatics analysis of azoospermia and COVID-19. These hub genes and common pathways may provide new insights for further mechanism research