A Nonvolatile Bipolar Optical Fiber Memory Based on Phase Change Materials

Developing an optical fiber storage platform that integrates storage and computation poses a challenge. This article presents a bipolar memory that incorporates phase change materials by combining two tapered fibers with a microsphere. The state of Ge2Sb2Te5 is altered by modulating an external laser, resulting in repeatable or randomly accessible five-level data storage. Multistage writing is achieved using a 532 nm pump laser and laser energy levels ranging from 0.423 to 1.206 mJ, while a 793 nm continuous wave laser with an average power of 4 to 11 mW completes the multistage reset. The bipolar memory demonstrates nonvolatility, high signal-to-noise ratio, excellent repeatability, 75 ns write response time, 180 ns reset response time, and 18 dB contrast. Furthermore, we develop a continuous programming platform using quaternary ASCII coding as an alternative to English letters. The bipolar memory can implement the synaptic weight update mechanism within the neural network system’s synapses, thereby showcasing excellent data storage, programming, and neural network computing potential

Fiber-Integrated All-Optical Signal Processing Device for Storage and Computing

All-optical signal processing is crucial for high-speed optical fiber communication networks. However, current methods utilizing nonlinear media have limitations such as complex preparation, weak nonlinear effects, and requiring additional energy during operation. To overcome these issues, we demonstrate a fiber-integrated all-optical signal processing device based on Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). This device can perform a storage function and matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) function. Our device is composed of a single-mode fiber and a step-index multimode fiber with a GST layer deposited on the end face of the multimode fiber. By constructing a special Bessel-like light field, we can achieve the 19-level of storage with low switching energy (90 nJ), large contrast ratio (47%), and fast switching time of a single pulse (200 ns). We also demonstrate MVM operation by connecting two memory units in parallel. These features make our all-optical signal processing unit ideal for data storage/processing applications such as photonic neural networks and neuromorphic computing architectures

DataSheet_1_The genetic and clinical characteristics and effects of Canakinumab on cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: a large pediatric cohort study from China.docx

Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) comprises a group of disorders characterized by recurrent bouts of systemic inflammation related to overactivation of inflammasome. So far, neither large cases of the correlation between genotype and phenotype nor treatment strategies have been clearly stated in China. Here, we studied the clinical and genetic characteristics and their correlation from 30 CAPS patients in China. We identified the pathogenesis for novel mutations by activating NLRP3 inflammasome for peripheral cells with ATP plus LPS, compared characteristics with other case series, and analyzed treatment outcomes of these patients. The patients harbored 19 substitutions in NLRP3, and 8 of them were novel mutations. Among these novel mutations, percentages of severe musculoskeletal, ophthalmologic, and neurological symptoms were higher compared with other case serials. The correlation of phenotypes and their variants seemed different in our cases, such as T350M, S333G/I/R, and F311V (somatic mosaicism). Ten patients received Canakinumab treatment, which proved effective at alleviating musculoskeletal, neurological, auditory, visual manifestations, fever, and rash for 10–20 months follow-up. Patients treated with prednisolone or prednisolone plus thalidomide or methotrexate, tocilizumab, TNF inhibiting agents, and sirolimus achieved only partial remission. Importantly, we firstly identified somatic mosaicism mutation of F311V, which was severe. Our study extended the spectrum of genotype and phenotype and characteristics of their correlations and provided detailed responses to different treatment strategies. These data provide guidance for future diagnosis and management for CAPS.</p