Current understanding of orofacial tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells: an immunological perspective

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells able to differentiate into multiple lineages, holding the potential for replacing damaged and diseased tissues by tissue regeneration and immunomodulatory functions. So far, MSCs have been successfully isolated and characterized from a variety of orofacial tissues, including dental pulp, periodontal ligament, root apical papilla, gingiva, etc. In addition to their self-renewal and multipotent differentiation properties, these orofacial tissue derived MSCs are also capable of profound immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo, thus providing a foundation for their utilization in allogeneic application and in treating autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders. In this paper, we will review the current research progress of the immunomodulatory properties of orofacial tissue derived MSCs and the underlying mechanisms, emphasizing the effect of these MSCs on immune cells, which will facilitate the use of such cells in clinical treatment

Efficient Dynamic Replicated Data Possession Checking in Distributed Cloud Storage Systems

More and more organizations outsource their data to remote cloud servers (RCSs). Data owners rent the cloud service providers (CSPs) infrastructure to store their unlimited resources by paying fees metered in month or gigabyte. For increasing the availability and scalability of data, the data owners store their data replicas on multiple servers across multiple data centers. Data owners should ensure that the CSPs actually store all their copies according to the service contract. In this paper, we present an efficient dynamic multicopies possession checking scheme that has the following properties: (1) the data owner uses fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) algorithm to generate multiple copies; (2) the scheme supports data block dynamic operation; (3) the scheme supports third-party auditor's public validation. Finally, security analysis and experimental results show that our scheme can resist forgery, replacement, and replay attack and perform better than some other related scheme published recently

Effects of TiO

Series of overlay flux-cored wires with different content of TiO2 were fabricated, and different claddings of high-manganese steel are welded by flux cored arc welding (FCAW). The influences of TiO2 addition on the electrochemical behaviour of the FCAW claddings over a high-manganese steel were studied. The results demonstrate that all the LPR values of the overlay welded claddings are higher than that of the base metal. However, the LPR values did not increase with the addition of TiO2. The EIS simulation results indicate that the addition of titanium dioxide improves the corrosion resistance of the high-manganese steel cladding, and the trends of the Rp values is highly consistent with the change of LRP value. At the same time, the grain refinement was achieved by the TiO2 addition. In conclusion, the proper content of the titanium dioxide in high-manganese steel cladding contributes to its high LRP and Rp values, in this paper, the suitable content of the TiO2 addition is 20g (0.2wt.%)

Effects of TiO2 Addition on the Electrochemical Performance of the Overlay Welded High-manganese Steel Cladding

Series of overlay flux-cored wires with different content of TiO2 were fabricated, and different claddings of high-manganese steel are welded by flux cored arc welding (FCAW). The influences of TiO2 addition on the electrochemical behaviour of the FCAW claddings over a high-manganese steel were studied. The results demonstrate that all the LPR values of the overlay welded claddings are higher than that of the base metal. However, the LPR values did not increase with the addition of TiO2. The EIS simulation results indicate that the addition of titanium dioxide improves the corrosion resistance of the high-manganese steel cladding, and the trends of the Rp values is highly consistent with the change of LRP value. At the same time, the grain refinement was achieved by the TiO2 addition. In conclusion, the proper content of the titanium dioxide in high-manganese steel cladding contributes to its high LRP and Rp values, in this paper, the suitable content of the TiO2 addition is 20g (0.2wt.%)

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis

Abstract Background The role of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unclear. This network meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing VAP in an IMV population in intensive-care units (ICUs). Methods We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 2021, to identify relevant studies assessing the impact of prophylactic antibiotics on the incidence of VAP, the mortality, and the duration of ICU stays and hospitalization to perform a meta-analysis. Results Thirteen studies (2144 patients) were included, 12 of which were selected for the primary analysis, which revealed that treatment with prophylactic antibiotics resulted in a lower VAP rate compared with control groups [risk ratio (RR) = 0.62]. Bayesian network meta-analysis indicated that aerosolized tobramycin and intravenous ampicillin–sulbactam presented the greatest likelihood being the most efficient regimen for reducing VAP. Conclusions Antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the incidence of VAP, but not the mortality, for adult patients undergoing IMV in ICUs. Tobramycin via nebulization and ampicillin–sulbactam via intravenous administration presented the greatest likelihood of being the most efficient regimen for preventing VAP. However, well-designed randomized studies are warranted before definite recommendations can be made

Electrooxidation of Methanol on Pt @Ni Bimetallic Catalyst Supported on Porous Carbon Nanofibers

This paper describes the preparation of Ni/Pt/CNFs via electrospinning technology, carbonization process, and chemical reduction method. The structure and composition of Ni/Pt/CNFs were characterized with X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the morphology was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical performance was evaluated by oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results indicated that Pt and Ni nanoparticles were completely reduced in the experimental process and homogeneously distributed on the nanofibers with the average diameters of 3.8 and 17.8 nm, respectively. In addition, the Ni₅₀/Pt/CNFs catalyst showed excellent electrocatalytic performance for ORR and superior specific and mass activities for methanol oxidation (the maximum current density is ca. 10.9 mA cm^–2) and exhibited a slightly slower current decay over time, better than the reference samples which indicated a higher tolerance to CO-like intermediates