Additional file 1: of Diagnostic value of endoscopic appearance during ductoscopy in patients with pathological nipple discharge

Detail data of malignant tumors. Description of form: It is the detail data of malignant tumors, which includes age range, duration, spontaneous, quadrants, depth, endoscopic description, pathologic description and so on. They are the base data for analyzation. (XLS 19 kb

Illustration of grades of ATPS positions in cervical pedicle.

<p>Grade 1: Screw positioned at the center of the pedicle. Grade 2: Less than one-third of the screw cross-section (≤1.2 mm with a 3.5-mm diameter screw) penetrating the cortex. Grade 3: Between one-third and one-half of the screw cross-section penetrating the cortex (or deviation <2 mm). Grade 4: More than one-half of the screw cross-section penetrating the cortex (or deviation ≥2 mm). Grade 5: Deviation equal or greater than the screw diameter.</p

Production of biocompatible navigation template with RP model.

<p>The 3D model of cervical vertebrae with virtual pin tracts was rapid-prototyped with Z Corporation 3D printer Spectrum Z™510. A Kirschner wire was then inserted into the pin tract of the RP model and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was used to construct the drill template.</p

Actual drill with navigation template in cadaveric cervical specimens.

<p>Anterior soft tissue was removed from the vertebrae. The drill template was put in place by hand and compressed slightly to the anterior surface of cervical vertebrae. A 2 mm-diameter Kirschner wire was then drilled into the cervical pedicle with the assistance of the drill template.</p

Absolute deviation values in the axial and sagittal planes.

<p>Absolute deviation values in the axial and sagittal planes.</p

3D model of cervical vertebra with virtual pin tracts.

<p>3D model of each vertebra was reconstructed in Mimics software. The 2 cylinders with 2 mm-diameters were then imported and their locations were ensured at the central cervical pedicle by visual observation. With the tool “subtraction” under “Boolean operation” in the Geomagic studio® software, the 3D model of the cervical vertebrae with bilateral pin tracts was obtained and saved in group 1 in (.stl) file format.</p

Accuracy evaluation with screw simulation insertion in the axial (A) and sagittal (B) planes.

<p>The blue lines in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053580#pone-0053580-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4A</a> are the border of cervical pedicle in axial plane. The structures inside and outside the blue lines are vertebral canal and vertebral artery, respectively. And the red lines in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053580#pone-0053580-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4B</a> are the border of cervical pedicle in sagittal plane. The structures upper and lower the red lines are foramen intervertebrale. A pre-designed 3D screw model (3.5 mm in diameter), which aligned with the pin tract of the 3D model of group2, was imported into Mimics to simulate the screw insertion. The screw positions were graded according to the distance between the screw thread and the border of pedicle cortex.</p

<i>CF</i>_<i>2</i><i>–II</i> Alternative Splicing Isoform Regulates the Expression of Xenobiotic Tolerance-Related Cytochrome P450 <i>CYP6CY22</i> in <i>Aphis gossypii</i> Glover

The expression of P450 genes is regulated by trans-regulatory factors or cis-regulatory elements and influences how endogenous or xenobiotic substances are metabolized in an organism’s tissues. In this study, we showed that overexpression of the cytochrome P450 gene, CYP6CY22, led to resistance to cyantraniliprole in Aphis gossypii. The expression of CYP6CY22 increased in the midgut and remaining carcass of the CyR strain, and after repressing the expression of CYP6CY22, the mortality of cotton aphids increased 2.08-fold after exposure to cyantraniliprole. Drosophila ectopically expressing CYP6CY22 exhibited tolerance to cyantraniliprole and cross-tolerance to xanthotoxin, quercetin, 2-tridecanone, tannic acid, and nicotine. Moreover, transcription factor CF2–II (XM_027994540.2) is transcribed only as the splicing variant isoform CF2–II-AS, which was found to be 504 nucleotides shorter than CF2–II in A. gossypii. RNAi and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) results indicated that CF2–II-AS positively regulates CYP6CY22 and binds to cis-acting element p (−851/-842) of CYP6CY22 to regulate its overexpression. The above results indicated that CYP6CY22 was regulated by the splicing isoform CF2-II-AS, which will help us further understand the mechanism of transcriptional adaption of cross-tolerance between synthetic insecticides and plant secondary metabolites mediated by P450s

DataSheet1_Detection of kinematic abnormalities in persons with knee osteoarthritis using markerless motion capture during functional movement screen and daily activities.docx

Background: The functional movement screen (FMS) has been used to identify deficiencies in neuromuscular capabilities and balance among athletes. However, its effectiveness in detecting movement anomalies within the population afflicted by knee osteoarthritis (KOA), particularly through the application of a family-oriented objective assessment technique, remains unexplored. The objective of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of the FMS and daily activities in identifying kinematic abnormalities in KOA people employing a markerless motion capture system.Methods: A total of 45 persons, presenting various Kellgren–Lawrence grades of KOA, along with 15 healthy controls, completed five tasks of the FMS (deep squat, hurdle step, and in-line lunge) and daily activities (walking and sit-to-stand), which were recorded using the markerless motion capture system. The kinematic waveforms and discrete parameters were subjected to comparative analysis.Results: Notably, the FMS exhibited greater sensitivity compared to daily activities, with knee flexion, trunk sagittal, and trunk frontal angles during in-line lunge emerging as the most responsive indicators.Conclusion: The knee flexion, trunk sagittal, and trunk frontal angles during in-line lunge assessed via the markerless motion capture technique hold promise as potential indicators for the objective assessment of KOA.</p

Table_1_Influence of loneliness burden on cardio-cerebral vascular disease among the Chinese older adult: a national cohort study.DOCX

BackgroundAdverse psychosocial factors play an important role in cardio-cerebral vascular disease (CCVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the cumulative burden of loneliness on the risk of CCVD in the Chinese older adult.MethodsA total of 6,181 Chinese older adult over the age of 62 in the monitoring survey of the fourth Sample Survey of the Aged Population in Urban and Rural China (SSAPUR) were included in this study. The loneliness cumulative burden (scored by cumulative degree) was weighted by the loneliness score for two consecutive years (2017–2018) and divided into low- and high-burden groups. The outcome was defined as the incidence of CCVD 1 year later (2018–2019). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between the cumulative burden of loneliness and the new onset of CCVD.ResultsAmong participants, 18.9% had a higher cumulative burden of loneliness, and 11.5% had a CCVD incidence within 1 year. After multivariate adjustment, the risk of developing CCVD in the high-burden group was approximately 37% higher than that in the low-burden group (OR 1.373, 95%CI 1.096–1.721; p = 0.006). Similar results were obtained when calculating the burden based on cumulative time. Longitudinal change in loneliness was not significantly associated with an increased risk of CCVD. A higher cumulative burden of loneliness may predict a higher risk of developing CCVD in older adult individuals aged 62–72 years or in those with diabetes.ConclusionThe cumulative burden of loneliness can be used to assess the risk of new-onset CCVD in the older adult in the short term.</p