Melting of electronic and excitonic crystals in 2D semiconductor moir\'e patterns: a perspective from the Lindemann criterion

Using the Lindemann criterion, we analyzed the quantum and thermal melting of electronic and excitonic crystals recently discovered in 2D semiconductor moir\'e patterns. We show that the finite 2D screening of the atomically thin material can suppress (enhance) the inter-site Coulomb (dipolar) interaction strength, thus inhibits (facilitates) the formation of the electronic (excitonic) crystal. Meanwhile, a strong enough moir\'e confinement is found to be essential for realizing the crystal phase with a lattice constant near 10 nm or shorter. From the calculated Lindemann ratio which quantifies the fluctuation of the site displacement, we estimate that the crystal will melt into a liquid above a temperature in the order of several tens Kelvin

The effect of composite enzyme catalysis whey protein cross‐linking on filtration performance

Abstract In this study, enzymatic cross‐linked whey protein coupling ultrafiltration was used to reduce membrane fouling and increase whey protein recovery rate. The filtration efficiency and protein interaction with the membrane surface were investigated. The results showed that the protein recovery rate and relative flux of transglutaminase catalysis protein followed by tyrosinase each increased by approximately 30% during ultrafiltration. The total membrane resistance was reduced by approximately 20%. The shape of the transglutaminase and tyrosinase cross‐linked protein had somewhat spherical and cylindrical structure similar to an elongated shape based on fluorescence microscopy imaging, which indicated membrane resistance reduction. Fluorescence excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy (EEM) showed that the permeation peak intensities of transglutaminase followed by tyrosinase catalysis protein decreased sharply in the tryptophan and aromatic‐like protein fields, indicating that most protein was rejected after ultrafiltration. The repulsive interaction energy was increased between the cross‐linked proteins and membrane based on extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (XDLVO) analysis

Therapeutic hypothermia increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmia for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To determine whether therapeutic hypothermia after hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonates increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmia during intervention.</p><p>Design</p><p>A meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed-effect model. Risk ratios, risk differences, and 95% confidence intervals, were measured.</p><p>Data sources</p><p>Studies identified from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, previous reviews, and abstracts from onset to August, 2016.</p><p>Review methods</p><p>Reports that compared therapeutic hypothermia with normal care for neonates with HIE and that included data on safety or cardiac arrhythmia, which is of interest to patients and clinicians, were selected.</p><p>Results</p><p>We found seven trials, encompassing 1322 infants that included information on safety or cardiac arrhythmia during intervention. Therapeutic hypothermia considerably increased the combined rate of cardiac arrhythmia in the seven trials (risk ratio 2.42, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 4.76. p = 0.01; risk difference 0.02, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.04) during intervention.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>In infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, therapeutic hypothermia is associated with a consistent increase in cardiac arrhythmia during intervention.</p></div

Funnel plot of included randomized controlled trials.

<p>Funnel plot of included randomized controlled trials.</p

Baseline characteristics of the included trials on therapeutic hypothermia vs. standard care for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the included trials on therapeutic hypothermia vs. standard care for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.</p

Risk bias of summary (A) and graph (B) according to review authors’ judgement.

<p>Risk bias of summary (A) and graph (B) according to review authors’ judgement.</p

Baseline characteristics of the included trials on therapeutic hypothermia vs. standard care for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the included trials on therapeutic hypothermia vs. standard care for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.</p