Additional file 1 of Whole-genome sequencing and functional annotation of pathogenic Paraconiothyrium brasiliense causing human cellulitis

Additional file 1: Table S1. KEGG functional annotation of P. brasiliense GGX 41

Additional file 2 of Whole-genome sequencing and functional annotation of pathogenic Paraconiothyrium brasiliense causing human cellulitis

Additional file 2: Table S2. The secretome of P. brasiliense GGX 41

Transfection efficiency of siRNA in RD cells.

<p>(A) Cellular distribution of BLOCK-iT Fluorescent Oligo in transfected RD cells. RD cells were transfected with different concentrations of BLOCK-iT Fluorescent Oligo and 2 μl of Lipofectamine 2000. At 24 h after transfection, the cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope. (B) RD cells transfected with BLOCK-iT Fluorescent Oligo were quantified with flow cytometry. The cells were assayed in three independent experiments.</p

Sequences of the synthesized siRNA molecules and their positions in the EV71 2A^pro genomic region.

<p>Sequences of the synthesized siRNA molecules and their positions in the EV71 2A^pro genomic region.</p

RNAi inhibits viral protein.

<p>RD cells transfected with siRNA were infected with strain EV71-2006-52-9 at an MOI of 0.01. At 36 h postinfection, total protein was extracted and analyzed with western blotting. β-Actin was used as the internal loading control. The protein measurements were made in three independent experiments.</p

Physical parameter and renal oxidative stress markers.

<p>BW, body weight; MDA, malondialdehyde; CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase.</p>*<p><i>P</i><0.05 vs NC group.</p>#<p><i>P</i><0.05 vs DN group.</p

AS-IV dose-dependently lowered MDA content while elevated activities of CAT and SOD in HG-stimulated podocytes.

<p>Effects of AS-IV on content of MDA (A) and activities of CAT (B) and SOD (C) in podocytes. MDA, malondialdehyde; CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase. Results are expressed as the means ± SD. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs NG. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 vs HG.</p

AS-IV dose-dependently prevented podocyte apoptosis, caspase-3 activation and overexpression in diabetic rats.

<p>Effects of AS-IV on podocyte apoptosis detected by TUNEL assay (A), caspase-3 activity (B) and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression (C) in diabetic rats at 12 weeks after STZ injection. Results are expressed are the means ± SD. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs NC. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 vs DN.</p

AS-IV dose-dependently inhibited HG-induced podocyte apoptosis, ROS production and caspase-3 activation.

<p>Effects of AS-IV on apoptosis assessed by Hoechst staining (A) and FACS (B), ROS production (C) and caspase-3 activity (D). Podocytes were exposed to NG, MA, HG, HG with 50, 100, 200 µg/ml of AS-IV for 24 h, respectively. NG, normal glucose (5 mM glucose); MA, mannitol (25 mM D-mannitol); HG, high glucose (30 mM glucose). Results are expressed as the means ± SD. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs NG. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 vs HG.</p

siRNAs protect cells against EV71-induced cytopathic effects.

<p>Morphological changes in RD cells were observed after infection. Cells were transfected with each siRNA at a final concentration of 60 nM and then infected with strain EV71-2006-52-9 at an MOI of 0.01. Micrographs were taken at 48 h postinfection under an inverted microscope. The tests were performed in three independent experiments.</p