202 research outputs found
Inside and Outside Flank Alternate Meshing Silent Chain and Experimental Evaluation of Dynamic Performance
Abstract: A new silent chain with inside and outside flank alternating meshing mechanism and sprockets were designed, and the main technical parameters and structure type of the plate and sprocket profile were described. In order to verify the good meshing transmission performance of the new silent chain, we did the performance comparison test for inside and outside flank alternate meshing silent chain and the ANSI standard silent chain with regard to transverse displacement vibration and wear extension. The results show that the new silent chain transmits smoothly, with standard silent chain compared to significantly reduce vibration quantity of transverse displacement, and it has good wear resistance properties, which is much superior to the standard silent chain. The results also verify low impact characteristics of the new silent chain and the rationality of design method. Because of its special meshing mechanism and structure type of alternate load, the new silent chain reduces meshing impact, vibration and polygon effect when chain and sprocket meshes, and fundamentally improves silent chain transmission performance, then extends the life of the chain
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Organothiophosphoryl Polyoxotungstates
Organothiophosphoryl polyoxotungstates R∋XW∞∞O∋∃/- , R∋ P∋W∞,O∞/-,
R∋PW∃O∋ Δ-(X = P, Si, Ge, B or Ga; R = PhP(S), C6H11P(S)) have been prepared from lacunary polyoxoanions and PhP(S). The products were characterized by elemental analysis, IR,
and NMR spectroscopy. According to spectroscopic observations, the hybrid anions consist of a lacunary anion framework on which are grafted
two equivalent or groups through P-O-W bridges. Some of the title compounds showed
the antigerm activity
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Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection in Three New York City Hospitals Trended Downwards From 2006 to 2014
Background. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infection is a rising public health threat since its first outbreaks in New York City (NYC) in the early 2000s. We investigated annual trends of CRKP infection in hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and community-onset infections (COIs) treated in 3 NYC hospitals from 2006 to 2014.
Methods. We extracted K pneumoniae infection data including carbapenem susceptibility and anatomical sites, compared clinical characteristics between CRKP and carbapenem-susceptible K pneumoniae infections, and determined CRKP infection proportions in total K pneumoniae infections in HAI and COI to identify statistically significant trends from 2006 to 2014 using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.
Results. Carbapenem-resistant K pneumoniae contributed 17.3% (601 of 3477) of hospital-acquired K pneumoniae infection compared with 7.7% (149 of 1926) in COI from 2006 to 2014. Carbapenem-resistant K pneumoniae proportions in HAI and COI were positively correlated over time (r = 0.83, P < .01), and there were downward annual trends of CRKP proportions from 2006 to 2014 in both HAI and COI (25.8% to 10.5% in HAI, P < .001; 13.6% to 3.1% in COI, P < .001). By anatomical site, significant downward annual trends were present only in urinary tract infection (P < .001 for both HAI and COI) from 2006 to 2014.
Conclusions. Annual trends of CRKP proportions from 2006 to 2014 were downward in both HAI and COI, and HAI and COI were positively correlated. Efforts to reduce and prevent CRKP infections in both hospital and community settings were successful and warrant continuation
Case report: Multidisciplinary collaboration in diagnosis and treatment of child gaucher disease
Gaucher disease (GD) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene. The decrease of glucocerebrosidase activity in lysosomes results in the accumulation of its substrate glucocerebroside in the lysosomes of macrophages in organs such as the liver, spleen, bones, lungs, brain and eyes, and the formation of typical storage cells, namely “Gaucher cells”, leading to lesions in the affected tissues and organs. Hepatosplenomegaly, bone pain, cytopenia, neurological symptoms, and other systemic manifestations are common in clinical practice. Most pediatric patients have severe symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve the curative effect and prognosis. However, due to the low incidence of this disease, multi-system involvement in patients, and diverse clinical manifestations, multidisciplinary teamwork is needed for comprehensive evaluation, diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we reported 2 cases of different types of GD who were diagnosed, treated and followed up by multidisciplinary collaboration in infancy
Late Quaternary terrigenous sedimentation in the Western Arctic Ocean as exemplified by a sedimentary record from the Alpha Ridge
Terrigenous components in sediment core B84A from the Alpha Ridge, Western Arctic Ocean, have been investigated to reconstruct Mid to Late Quaternary variations in sedimentation, provenance, and related climate changes. The core stratigraphy, evaluated by a combination of variations in Mn content, color cycles, foraminiferal abundance, and lithological correlation, extends back to estimated Marine Isotope Stage 12. Twelve Ice Rafted Detritus (IRD, >250 ¹m) events were identified and interpreted to mostly occur during deglaciation. The Canadian Arctic, which was covered by ice sheets during glacial periods, is suggested to be the major source region. The IRD events likely indicate the collapses of ice sheets, possibly in response to abrupt climate changes. Grain size analysis of B84A indicates sedimentologically sensitive components in core B84A in the 4{9 ¹m and 19{53 ¹m silt subfractions, which are inferred to be mainly transported by currents and sea ice, respectively. Down core variability of these two fractions may indicate changes in ice drift and current strength. In accordance with previous studies in the central Arctic Ocean, the average sedimentation rate in core B84A is about 0.4 cm*ka(-1). Compared with the relatively high sedimentation rates on the margins, sedimentation in the central Arctic Ocean is limited by sea ice cover and the correspondingly low bioproductivity, as well as the long distance from source regions of terrigenous sediment
Multi-Locus Genome-Wide Association Studies for 14 Main Agronomic Traits in Barley
The agronomic traits, including morphological and yield component traits, are important in barley breeding programs. In order to reveal the genetic foundation of agronomic traits of interest, in this study 122 doubled haploid lines from a cross between cultivars “Huaai 11” (six-rowed and dwarf) and “Huadamai 6” (two-rowed) were genotyped by 9680 SNPs and phenotyped 14 agronomic traits in 3 years, and the two datasets were used to conduct multi-locus genome-wide association studies. As a result, 913 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were identified by five multi-locus GWAS methods to be associated with the above 14 traits and their best linear unbiased predictions. Among these QTNs and their adjacent genes, 39 QTNs (or QTN clusters) were repeatedly detected in various environments and methods, and 10 candidate genes were identified from gene annotation. Nineteen QTNs and two genes (sdw1/denso and Vrs1) were previously reported, and eight candidate genes need to be further validated. The Vrs1 gene, controlling the number of rows in the spike, was found to be associated with spikelet number of main spike, spikelet number per plant, grain number per plant, grain number per spike, and 1,000 grain weight in multiple environments and by multi-locus GWAS methods. Therefore, the above results evidenced the feasibility and reliability of genome-wide association studies in doubled haploid population, and the QTNs and their candidate genes detected in this study are useful for marker-assisted selection breeding, gene cloning, and functional identification in barley
Observational studies of the effects of wind mixing and biological process on the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen off the Changjiang Estuary
Wind mixing is important in regulating dissolved oxygen (DO) variability; however, the transect response of DO dynamics to wind disturbance has seldom been documented with field data. In the summer of 2017, repeat transect observations off the Changjiang Estuary were conducted throughout a fresh wind (the maximum wind speed was 9.8 m s–1) event to reveal the role of physical mixing and biological activity in DO variations. After the wind event, hypoxia was alleviated presenting as the hypoxia thickness decreased from 30 m to 20 m. However, poorly ventilated near-bottom hypoxia was aggravated with a further decrease in DO. Generally, the saturation of dissolved oxygen (DOs) in depth-integrated water column increased by 9%–49% through physical diffusion with a weakened stratification and enhanced phytoplankton bloom. However, in this case, the wind-induced physical water mass mixing by transporting DO downward had a limited contribution to the water-column DO budget, while upwards nutrients induced by mixing fueled the larger vertical area of algae bloom and subsequent substantial oxygen consumption. As the wind speed increased, the air-sea exchange would be important in supplying DO, especially in nearshore areas, which could effectively offset the DO deficiency. In summary, frequently occurring fresh wind-mixing events off the Changjiang Estuary would alleviate hypoxia in the water column but probably exacerbate hypoxia at the bottom, as determined by competing ventilation and respiration roles. Such complex interactions likely occur and perform differently as wind stress varies. Thus, high-spatial and long-term process observations are required to better understand the net effects of bottom hypoxia evolution
Preparation of bifunctional Au-Pd/TiO 2 catalysts and research on methanol liquid phase one-step oxidation to methyl formate
A series of Au-Pd/TiO2 bifunctional catalysts with different Au, Pd loading percents have been prepared by sol-immobilization method. The related XRD, HR-TEM and XPS characterizations have been tested for understanding the structure of catalysts. The catalysis activity for methanol liquid phase one-step oxidation to methyl formate have been studied in batch reactor. The results show that the nanoparticles are highly dispersed on TiO2 with 6.4nm mean size. Also, bifunctional catalysts could catalysis transfer methanol to methyl formate with high efficiency. With 1wt%Au-1wt%Pd/TiO2 catalysts, when the molar ratio between active components and methanol is 1/2000, the conversion of methanol is 55.7% for 4h under 100oC and 25 bar. At the same time, the selectivity of methyl formate is up to 74.2%. The Au-Pd/TiO2 bifunctional catalysts also shows great stability for the reaction with stable conversion and selectivity after 5 cycle
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis prolyl dipeptidyl peptidase cleaves the N-terminal peptide of the immunoprotein CXCL-10
Dipeptidyl peptidases constitute a class of non-classical serine proteases that regulate an array of biological functions, making them pharmacologically attractive enzymes. With this work, we identified and characterized a dipeptidyl peptidase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtDPP) displaying a strong preference for proline residues at the P1 substrate position and an unexpectedly high thermal stability. MtDPP was also characterized with alanine replacements of residues of its active site that yielded, for the most part, loss of catalysis. We show that MtDPP catalytic activity is inhibited by well-known human DPP4 inhibitors. Using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry we also describe that in vitro, MtDPP mediates the truncation of the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, indicating a plausible role in immune modulation for this mycobacterial enzyme
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