Bis­{μ-3,3′-(1,3,4-thia­diazole-2,5-diyl­dithio)bis­[penta­ne­dionato(1−)]}bis­[diaqua­nickel(II)] dimethyl­formamide disolvate trihydrate

The title compound, [Ni2(C12H12N2O4S3)(H2O)4]·2C3H7NO·3H2O, is made up of a centrosymmetric, bimetallic complex containing a 24-membered macrocyclic ring, two dimethyl­formamide and three water solvent mol­ecules. The Ni atom adopts a slightly distorted NiO6 octahedral geometry arising from two O,O-bidentate ligands and two water molecules. There are inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N inter­actions in the crystal structure. One of the uncoordinated water molecules is diordered over two sets of sites of equal occupancy

Benzyl 3-[(E)-2-nitro­benzyl­idene]dithio­carbazate

The title compound, C15H13N3O2S2, was obtained from a condensation reaction of benzyl dithio­carbazate and 2-nitro­benzaldehyde. In the mol­ecule, the nearly planar dithio­carbazate fragment [r.m.s deviation = 0.0264 Å] is oriented at dihedral angles of 7.25 (17) and 74.09 (9)°with respect to the two benzene rings. The nitro group is twisted by a dihedral angle of 22.4 (7)° to the attached benzene ring. The nitro­benzene ring and dithio­carbazate fragment are located on the opposite sides of the C=N bond, showing an E configuration. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via inter­molecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric supra­molecular dimers. Weak C—H⋯π inter­action is also observed in the crystal structure

Benzyl 3-[(E)-1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethyl­idene]dithio­carbazate

The title compound, C14H14N4S2, was obtained from a condensation reaction of benzyl dithio­carbazate and acetyl­pyrazine. The asymmetric unit contains two independent mol­ecules, in each of which the pyrazine ring and dithio­carbazate unit are approximately co-planar, the r.m.s. deviations being 0.0304 and 0.0418 Å. The mean plane is oriented with respect to the benzene ring at 49.22 (4)° in one mol­ecule and at 69.76 (7)° in the other. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked to each other via inter­molecular N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric supra­molecular dimers

(E)-N′-[1-(Thio­phen-2-yl)ethyl­idene]benzohydrazide

The title compound, C13H12N2OS, was obtained from the condensation reaction of 2-acetyl­thio­phene and benzohydrazide. In the mol­ecule, the formohydrazide fragment is approximately planar (r.m.s deviation = 0.0146 Å) and the mean plane is oriented at dihedral angles of 24.47 (11) and 28.86 (13)°, respectively, to the phenyl and thio­phene rings. The thio­phene and phenyl rings make a dihedral angle of 53.21 (8)°. The benzamide fragment and thio­phene ring are located on the opposite sides of the C=N bond, showing an E conformation. Classical inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯O inter­actions are present in the crystal structure: three such bonds occur to the same O-atom acceptor

Epididymis rhabdomyoma: A case report and literature review

Genital rhabdomyoma is very rare tumor that usually occurs in the vulvar of young women. Epididymis rhabdomyoma in a young man is extremely uncommon and has rarely been reported. Here, we report a case of epididymis rhabdomyoma of a 17-year-old man and review the literatures. VIRTUAL SLIDE: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/117762822469279

Group DETR v2: Strong Object Detector with Encoder-Decoder Pretraining

We present a strong object detector with encoder-decoder pretraining and finetuning. Our method, called Group DETR v2, is built upon a vision transformer encoder ViT-Huge~\cite{dosovitskiy2020image}, a DETR variant DINO~\cite{zhang2022dino}, and an efficient DETR training method Group DETR~\cite{chen2022group}. The training process consists of self-supervised pretraining and finetuning a ViT-Huge encoder on ImageNet-1K, pretraining the detector on Object365, and finally finetuning it on COCO. Group DETR v2 achieves $\textbf{64.5}$ mAP on COCO test-dev, and establishes a new SoTA on the COCO leaderboard https://paperswithcode.com/sota/object-detection-on-cocoComment: Tech report, 3 pages. We establishes a new SoTA (64.5 mAP) on the COCO test-de

Group DETR: Fast DETR Training with Group-Wise One-to-Many Assignment

Detection transformer (DETR) relies on one-to-one assignment, assigning one ground-truth object to one prediction, for end-to-end detection without NMS post-processing. It is known that one-to-many assignment, assigning one ground-truth object to multiple predictions, succeeds in detection methods such as Faster R-CNN and FCOS. While the naive one-to-many assignment does not work for DETR, and it remains challenging to apply one-to-many assignment for DETR training. In this paper, we introduce Group DETR, a simple yet efficient DETR training approach that introduces a group-wise way for one-to-many assignment. This approach involves using multiple groups of object queries, conducting one-to-one assignment within each group, and performing decoder self-attention separately. It resembles data augmentation with automatically-learned object query augmentation. It is also equivalent to simultaneously training parameter-sharing networks of the same architecture, introducing more supervision and thus improving DETR training. The inference process is the same as DETR trained normally and only needs one group of queries without any architecture modification. Group DETR is versatile and is applicable to various DETR variants. The experiments show that Group DETR significantly speeds up the training convergence and improves the performance of various DETR-based models. Code will be available at \url{https://github.com/Atten4Vis/GroupDETR}.Comment: ICCV23 camera ready versio

Proopiomelanocortin gene delivery induces apoptosis in melanoma through NADPH oxidase 4-mediated ROS generation

AbstractHypoxia in the tumor microenvironment triggers differential signaling pathways for tumor survival. In this study, we characterize the involvement of hypoxia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the antineoplastic mechanism of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene delivery in a mouse B16-F10 melanoma model in vivo and in vitro. Histological analysis revealed increased TUNEL-positive cells and enhanced hypoxic activities in melanoma treated with adenovirus encoding POMC (Ad-POMC) but not control vector. Because the apoptotic cells were detected mainly in regions distant from blood vessels, it was hypothesized that POMC therapy might render melanoma cells vulnerable to hypoxic insult. Using a hypoxic chamber or cobalt chloride (CoCl2), we showed that POMC gene delivery elicited apoptosis and caspase-3 activation in cultured B16-F10 cells only under hypoxic conditions. The apoptosis induced by POMC gene delivery was associated with elevated ROS generation in vitro and in vivo. Blocking ROS generation using the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine abolished the apoptosis and caspase-3 activities induced by POMC gene delivery and hypoxia. We further showed that POMC-derived melanocortins, including α-MSH, β-MSH, and ACTH, but not γ-MSH, contributed to POMC-induced apoptosis and ROS generation during hypoxia. To elucidate the source of ROS generation, application of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium attenuated α-MSH-induced apoptosis and ROS generation, implicating the proapoptotic role of NADPH oxidase in POMC action. Of the NADPH oxidase isoforms, only Nox4 was expressed in B16-F10 cells, and Nox4 was also elevated in Ad-POMC-treated melanoma tissues. Silencing Nox4 gene expression with Nox4 siRNA suppressed the stimulatory effect of α-MSH-induced ROS generation and cell apoptosis during hypoxia. In summary, we demonstrate that POMC gene delivery suppressed melanoma growth by inducing apoptosis, which was at least partly dependent on Nox4 upregulation