Pathogenetic role of tissue factor in graft-versus-host disease

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the mechanism of it is still not elucidated. Recent findings suggest that host endothelial cells are a target of alloreactive donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes in GVHD and tissue factor (TF) plays an important role not only in coagulation-inflammation cycle, but also in transplant immunology. We postulate TF expression in vascular endothelial cells(VEC) may play an pivotal role in the pathogenesis of GVHD. TF gene andprotein expression in target organs of GVHD in aGVHD mice was significantly elevated compared to that of controls as determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Allogeneic CD4^+^T cell and CD8^+^T cells enhanced TF, VCAM-1, TNF-[alpha], IFN-[gamma] and IL-6 expression in TNF-[alpha] prestimulated HUVECs compared to controls as determined by flowcytometry and real-time PCR. JNK and p38MAPK mediated allogeneic T cells-induced TF expression in HUVECs. These effects were largely prevented by monoclonal antibody against TF, SB203580 and SP600125. In concert, these data provide strong evidence that upregulated TF expression is related to tissue damage caused by GVHD, TF isthe key factor in GVHD mediated by endothelial cells and allogeneic T cells-induced TF and consecutive proinflammatory cytokines expression in VEC contribute to the pathogenesis of GVHD

Investigating the topological structure of quenched lattice QCD with overlap fermions by using multi-probing approximation

The topological charge density and topological susceptibility are determined by multi-probing approximation using overlap fermions in quenched SU(3) gauge theory. Then we investigate the topological structure of the quenched QCD vacuum, and compare it with results from the all-scale topological density, the results are consistent. Random permuted topological charge density is used to check whether these structures represent underlying ordered properties. Pseudoscalar glueball mass is extracted from the two-point correlation function of the topological charge density. We study $3$ ensembles of different lattice spacing $a$ with the same lattice volume $16^{3}\times32$, the results are compatible with the results of all-scale topological charge density, and the topological structures revealed by multi-probing are much closer to all-scale topological charge density than that by eigenmode expansion.Comment: 12 pages,34 figure

J/ψ→ppˉϕJ/\psi \rightarrow p\bar{p}\phi decay in the isobar resonance model

Based on the effective Lagrangian approach, the $J/\psi \to p \bar{p} \phi$ decay is studied in an isobar resonance model with the assumption that the $\phi$-meson is produced from intermediate nucleon resonances. The contributions from the $N^*_{1/2^-}(1535)$, $N^*_{3/2^+}(1900)$, $N^*_{1/2^-}(2090)$ and $N^*_{1/2^+}(2100)$ states are considered. In terms of the coupling constants $g^{2}_{\phi N N^{*}}$ and $g^{2}_{\phi N N^{*}}$ extracted from the data of the partial decay widths of the $N^*$s to the $N\pi$ channel, the reaction cross section of the $\pi^{-}p\rightarrow n\phi$ process and the partial decay widths of the $J/\psi\rightarrow p\bar{p}\eta$ and $J/\psi\rightarrow p\bar{n}\pi^{-}$ processes, respectively, the invariant mass spectrum and the Dalitz plot for $J/\psi \to p \bar{p} \phi$ are predicted. It is shown that there are two types of results. In the type I case, a large peak structure around 2.09GeV implies that a considerable mount of $N\phi$ or $qqqs\bar s$ component may exist in the narrow-width $N^*_{1/2^-}(2090)$ state, but for the wide-width $N^*_{1/2^+}(2100)$ state, it has little $qqqs\bar s$ component. In the type II case, a small peak around 2.11GeV may only indicate the existence of a certain mount of $p\phi$ or $qqqs\bar s$ component in the narrow-width $N^*_{1/2^+}(2100)$ state, but no information for the wide-width $N^*_{1/2^-}(2090)$ state. Further BESIII data with high statistics would help us to distinguish the strange structures of these $N^*$s

Contribution of the t-channel N∗(1535)N^*(1535) exchange for the ppˉ→ϕϕp\bar p \to \phi\phi reaction

Since the $N^*(1535)$ resonance was found to have large coupling to the strangeness due to its possible large $s\bar s$ component, we investigate the possible contribution of the t-channel $N^*(1535)$ exchange for the $p\bar p \to \phi\phi$ reaction. Our calculation indicates that the new mechanism gives very significant contribution for the energies above 2.25 GeV and may be an important source for evading the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka rule in the $\phi$ production from $N \bar{N}$ annihilation.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

4-Thioxo-3,5-dithia-1,7-hepta­nedioic acid

The complete molecule of the title compound, C5H6O4S3, is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry with the C=S group lying on the rotation axis. The molecules are linked through weak hydrogen-bond contacts by glide-plane operations to form R 2 2(20) rings and ladder-like C(4) chains along the c axis

An experimental observation of geometric phases for mixed states using NMR interferometry

Examples of geometric phases abound in many areas of physics. They offer both fundamental insights into many physical phenomena and lead to interesting practical implementations. One of them, as indicated recently, might be an inherently fault-tolerant quantum computation. This, however, requires to deal with geometric phases in the presence of noise and interactions between different physical subsystems. Despite the wealth of literature on the subject of geometric phases very little is known about this very important case. Here we report the first experimental study of geometric phases for mixed quantum states. We show how different they are from the well understood, noiseless, pure-state case.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

The Influence of Secondary Extrusion Process on The Quality of Instant Rice Noodle

In order to study the influence of the two-stage extrusion process on the quality of instant rice noodle, the key parameters of the two-stage extrusion process including: the first and second stage extruder barrel temperature, the first and second stage extruder screw speed, feeding speed, and the template hole diameter were taken as the single factor research objects, and the single factor experiment and response surface experiment were used to optimize them. The results show that the optimization of extrusion parameters can improve the quality of instant rice noodle in a certain range. The final optimization of the two-stage extrusion process parameters are as follows: the first stage extruder barrel temperature was 173 ℃,the second stage extruder barrel temperature was 39 ℃, the first stage extruder screw speed was 30 Hz, the second stage extruder screw speed was 20 Hz, the feeding speed was 11.8hz, and the template aperture was 0.7 mm. Under this condition, the instant rice noodle product is made with Strong fragrance and good comprehensive quality which can reach market product quality. This study can provide a reference for the continuous production of instant rice noodle

Neurotization of free gracilis transfer with the brachialis branch of the musculocutaneous nerve to restore finger and thumb flexion in lower trunk brachial plexus injury: an anatomical study and case report

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of using free gracilis muscle transfer along with the brachialis muscle branch of the musculocutaneous nerve to restore finger and thumb flexion in lower trunk brachial plexus injury according to an anatomical study and a case report. METHODS: Thirty formalin-fixed upper extremities from 15 adult cadavers were used in this study. The distance from the point at which the brachialis muscle branch of the musculocutaneous nerve originates to the midpoint of the humeral condylar was measured, as well as the length, diameter, course and branch type of the brachialis muscle branch of the musculocutaneous nerve. An 18-year-old male who sustained an injury to the left brachial plexus underwent free gracilis transfer using the brachialis muscle branch of the musculocutaneous nerve as the donor nerve to restore finger and thumb flexion. Elbow flexion power and hand grip strength were recorded according to British Medical Research Council standards. Postoperative measures of the total active motion of the fingers were obtained monthly. RESULTS: The mean length and diameter of the brachialis muscle branch of the musculocutaneous nerve were 52.66±6.45 and 1.39±0.09 mm, respectively, and three branching types were observed. For the patient, the first gracilis contraction occurred during the 4th month. A noticeable improvement was observed in digit flexion one year later; the muscle power was M4, and the total active motion of the fingers was 209°. CONCLUSIONS: Repairing injury to the lower trunk of the brachial plexus by transferring the brachialis muscle branch of the musculocutaneous nerve to the anterior branch of the obturator nerve using a tension-free direct suture is technically feasible, and the clinical outcome was satisfactory in a single surgical patient