The truncated Hamburger matrix moment problems in the nondegenerate and degenerate cases, and matrix continued fractions

AbstractThe present paper deals simultaneously with the nondegenerate and degenerate truncated Hamburger matrix moment problems in a unified way based on the use of the Schur algorithm involving matrix continued fractions. A full analysis of them together with a relative matrix moment problem on the real axis is given. With the help of the correspondence between the moment problem on the real axis and the Nevanlinna-Pick (NP) interpolation, the solutions of the nontangential NP interpolation in the Nevanlinna class are derived as an application

3,3′-(1,4-Phenyl­ene)bis­[2-(propyl­amino)­benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one] ethanol disolvate

The title compound, C32H28N6O4·2C2H5OH, consists of two 2-(propyl­amino)­benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one units connected, via one of the pyrimidine N atoms, to a bridging benzene ring in the 1,4 positions. Two ethanol solvent mol­ecules are also present. The main mol­ecule lies on a center of symmetry located at the center of the benzene ring. The fused-ring system of the benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine moiety is nearly planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.016 Å) and forms a dihedral angle of 78.21 (7)° with the central benzene ring. The crystal structure features O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O inter­actions. The C atoms of the propyl­amino side chain in the main mol­ecule and the ethyl group in the solvent mol­ecule are disordered over two positions, with site-occupancy factors 0.34:0.66 and 0.42:0.58, respectively

The exploration and practice in improving nursing skills training effect under clinical settings

目的  针对护理操作技能培训中临床情境不足、易机械性、习惯性模仿的问题，探索提高培训师临床设置下操作技能培训效果的有效教学方法，使操作技能培训更贴近临床。方法  改变管理角色，变教学督导、检查为“对口辅导”的模式对培训过程、教学方法及考核过程进行现场辅导，并举办培训师经验分享、建立培训交流空间及改革质量监控方法等措施；对辅导型管理前后的考核结果进行自身前后对照。结果  对口辅导前后考核平均成绩具有统计学意义（P＜0.05），辅导型管理前后科室考核与护理部抽考成绩差异性＞±10%的发生例数、临床结合问题不足的例数差异均具有显著性（P＜0.001）；辅导型管理前后不及格例数差异无显著性（P＞0.05）。结论  辅导型管理模式能有效提高培训师临床设置下护理技能培训效果。Objective: In view of the problem of shortage of clinical situation and easy mechanically imitation in nursing skills training , to explore an effective teaching method to improve the trainers’training effect of nursing skills under clinical settings，To make nursing skills more close to clinical. Methods: Change management role from Supervision and inspection to “counterpart counseling”, by performing the teaching process guidance and the examine guidance , establishing the space to share information , reforming the quality control method. to compare the results by setting a self-control between before and after the management of counterpart counseling. Results: Average marks before and after the management of counterpart counseling had a difference (P < 0.05 ),the number of the difference over ±10% between the scores assesmented by trainers in their department and the scores assessed by nursing department had an obvious difference（P < 0.001）, The number of the shortage correlating clinical condition had an obvious difference（P < 0.001）.The number of failing in the exam before and after the teaching guidance had no differences（P > 0.05）. Conclusion: The management coach can effectively improve the effect of training under clinical settings

HutZ is required for biofilm formation and contributes to the pathogenicity of Edwardsiella piscicida

International audienceAbstractEdwardsiella piscicida is a severe fish pathogen. Haem utilization systems play an important role in bacterial adversity adaptation and pathogenicity. In this study, a speculative haem utilization protein, HutZEp, was characterized in E. piscicida. hutZEp is encoded with two other genes, hutW and hutX, in an operon that is similar to the haem utilization operon hutWXZ identified in V. cholerae. However, protein activity analysis showed that HutZEp is probably not related to hemin utilization. To explore the biological role of HutZEp, a markerless hutZEp in-frame mutant strain, TX01ΔhutZ, was constructed. Deletion of hutZEp did not significantly affect bacterial growth in normal medium, in iron-deficient conditions, or in the presence of haem but significantly retarded bacterial biofilm growth. The expression of known genes related to biofilm growth was not affected by hutZEp deletion, which indicated that HutZEp was probably a novel factor promoting biofilm formation in E. piscicida. Compared to the wild-type TX01, TX01ΔhutZ exhibited markedly compromised tolerance to acid stress and host serum stress. Pathogenicity analysis showed that inactivation of hutZEp significantly impaired the ability of E. piscicida to invade and reproduce in host cells and to infect host tissue. In contrast to TX01, TX01ΔhutZ was defective in blocking host macrophage activation. The expression of hutZEp was directly regulated by the ferric uptake regulator Fur. This study is the first functional characterization of HutZ in a fish pathogen, and these findings suggested that HutZEp is essential for E. piscicida biofilm formation and contributes to host infection

The combined signatures of telomere and immune cell landscape provide a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in glioma

BackgroundGliomas, the most prevalent primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system in adults, exhibit slow growth in lower-grade gliomas (LGG). However, the majority of LGG cases progress to high-grade gliomas, posing challenges for prognostication. The tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by telomere-related genes and immune cell infiltration, strongly influences glioma growth and therapeutic response. Therefore, our objective was to develop a Telomere-TME (TM-TME) classifier that integrates telomere-related genes and immune cell landscape to assess prognosis and therapeutic response in glioma.MethodsThis study encompassed LGG patients from the TCGA and CCGA databases. TM score and TME score were derived from the expression signatures of telomere-related genes and the presence of immune cells in LGG, respectively. The TM-TME classifier was established by combining TM and TME scores to effectively predict prognosis. Subsequently, we conducted Kaplan-Meier survival estimation, univariate Cox regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves to validate the prognostic prediction capacity of the TM-TME classifier across multiple cohorts. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, biological processes, and proteomaps were performed to annotate the functional aspects of each subgroup and visualize the cellular signaling pathways.ResultsThe TM_low+TME_high subgroup exhibited superior prognosis and therapeutic response compared to other subgroups (P<0.001). This finding could be attributed to distinct tumor somatic mutations and cancer cellular signaling pathways. GO analysis indicated that the TM_low+TME_high subgroup is associated with the neuronal system and modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. Conversely, the TM_high+TME_low subgroup showed a strong association with cell cycle and DNA metabolic processes. Furthermore, the classifier significantly differentiated overall survival in the TCGA LGG cohort and served as an independent prognostic factor for LGG patients in both the TCGA cohort (P<0.001) and the CGGA cohort (P<0.001).ConclusionOverall, our findings underscore the significance of the TM-TME classifier in predicting prognosis and immune therapeutic response in glioma, shedding light on the complex immune landscape within each subgroup. Additionally, our results suggest the potential of integrating risk stratification with precision therapy for LGG

Fried food consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer: A large prospective multicenter study

Background and aimsWhether fried food consumption is associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer remains elusive. We aimed to examine this association in a US population.MethodsA population-based cohort of 101,729 US adults was identified. Fried food consumption was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Explanatory analyses were conducted to identify main contributor(s) to the observed association.ResultsDuring an average follow-up of 8.86 years (900871.2 person-years), 402 pancreatic cancer cases occurred. High consumption of total fried foods (deep-fried plus pan-fried foods; HRquartile4 vs. 1 0.71, 95% CI 0.51–0.99, Ptrend = 0.047) and deep-fried foods (HRquartile 4 vs. 1 0.64, 95% CI 0.47–0.88, Ptrend = 0.011), but not pan-fried foods (HRquartile 4 vs. 1 0.98, 95% CI 0.73–1.32; Ptrend = 0.815), was found to be associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer in a non-linear dose–response manner, which was not modified by predefined stratification factors and persisted in sensitivity analyses. In explanatory analyses, only chip consumption was found to be inversely associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer; consistently, the initial significant associations between total fried food and deep-fried food consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer changed to be non-significant after omitting or further adjusting for chip consumption.ConclusionConsumption of deep-fried foods, but not pan-fried foods, is inversely associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer in this US population. The role of deep-fried foods in reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer appears to be mainly attributable to chips. More studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations and settings

Building High-accuracy Multilingual ASR with Gated Language Experts and Curriculum Training

We propose gated language experts and curriculum training to enhance multilingual transformer transducer models without requiring language identification (LID) input from users during inference. Our method incorporates a gating mechanism and LID loss, enabling transformer experts to learn language-specific information. By combining gated transformer experts with shared transformer layers, we construct multilingual transformer blocks and utilize linear experts to effectively regularize the joint network. The curriculum training scheme leverages LID to guide the gated experts in improving their respective language performance. Experimental results on a bilingual task involving English and Spanish demonstrate significant improvements, with average relative word error reductions of 12.5% and 7.3% compared to the baseline bilingual and monolingual models, respectively. Notably, our method achieves performance comparable to the upper-bound model trained and inferred with oracle LID. Extending our approach to trilingual, quadrilingual, and pentalingual models reveals similar advantages to those observed in the bilingual models, highlighting its ease of extension to multiple languages

Rapid and Precise Molecular Nanofiltration Using Ultra-Thin-Film Membranes Derived from 6,6′-Dihydroxy-2,2′-biphenyldiamine

A key challenge in efficient molecular separation is fabricating large-scale, highly selective polymeric membranes with precise pore control at the molecular scale. Herein, a new contorted monomer 6,6′-dihydroxy-2,2′-biphenyldiamine (DHBIPDA) is introduced as a building block to generate cross-linked, ultra-thin microporous nanofilms (sub-10 nm) via interfacial polymerization, enabling rapid, and precise molecular nanofiltration. Using diacyl chloride (TPC) as the cross-linker instead of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) significantly reduces the pore sizes within the membranes and achieves a narrower pore distribution due to a semi-crystalline structure. The film structures are confirmed using comprehensive characterization techniques including wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), CO2 adsorption analysis, and molecular-scale simulation. The DHBIPDA/TPC and DHBIPDA/TMC membranes achieve methanol permeance values of up to 16.4 and 15.1 LMH bar−1 coupled with molecular weight cutoffs (MWCOs) as low as 283 and 306 Da, respectively. The DHBIPDA/TPC membrane demonstrates both higher permeance and higher selectivity compared to its relatively disordered counterpart DHBIPDA/TMC, consistent with characterization data. The DHBIPDA-derived membrane efficiently separates dye mixtures with similar molecular weights and enables effective recycling of organometallic homogeneous catalysts, suggesting its potential for industrial applications.</p