Experimental research on dynamic characteristics of a hybrid gas bearing-rotor system for high-speed permanent magnet machine

An experiment on the vibrational characteristics of a hybrid gas bearing-rotor system in a 45 kW high-speed permanent magnet machine test rig is conducted. Nonlinear methods of measurements and analyses, including bifurcation maps, frequency spectra, and axis orbits, are adopted to evaluate sub-synchronous vibration in rotor acceleration. The effects of bearing supply pressure and speed accelerating rates on the stability of the gas bearing-rotor system are determined. Experimental results show that half-speed whirling of the gas film is eliminated and the start of gas film whipping is delayed by using the appropriate bearing supply pressure plan, thereby improving stability. Meanwhile power frequency vibrational amplitude is the smallest during the acceleration process, including the critical speed, when the appropriate speed accelerating rates are employed

The role of connectivity in significant bandgap narrowing for fused-pyrene based non-fullerene acceptors toward high-efficiency organic solar cells

Great attention has been paid to developing low bandgap non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) for matching wide bandgap donor polymers to increase the photocurrent and therefore the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of NFA organic solar cells, while pyrene-core based acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) NFAs have been mainly reported via the 2,9-position connection due to their bisthieno[3′,2′-b']thienyl[a,h]pyrene fused via a five-membered ring bridge at the ortho-position of pyrene as the representative one named FPIC5, which has prohibited further narrowing their energy gap. Herein, an acceptor FPIC6 was exploited by creating the 1,8-position connection through fusing as bisthieno[3′,2′-b′]thienyl[f-g,m-n]pyrene linked at the bay-position via a six-membered bridge, with enhanced push-pull characteristics within such A-D-A structure. As a structural isomer of FPIC5, FPIC6 exhibited a much lower bandgap of 1.42 eV (1.63 eV for FPIC5). Therefore, the photocurrent and PCE of PTB7-Th:FPIC6 cells were improved to 21.50 mA cm-2 and 11.55%, respectively, due to the balanced mobilities, better photoluminescence quenching efficiency and optimized morphology, which are both ∼40% better than those of PTB7-Th:FPIC5 cells. Our results clearly proved that a pyrene fused core with 1,8-position connection with electron-withdrawing end groups instead of 2,9-position connection is an efficient molecular design strategy to narrow the optical bandgap and improve the photovoltaic performance of NFA based OSCs

Divergence of Liver Lipidomes in Tibetan and Yorkshire Pigs Living at Different Altitudes

The Tibetan pig is a characteristic breed of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with distinct physiological and meat quality attributes. The liver lipid profile can offer an important perspective to explore the uniqueness of Tibetan pigs. A quantitative comparison of liver lipidomes revealed significant differences in the lipid profiles between Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs raised at different altitudes. The abundance of lipids in the livers of pigs raised at a high altitude was higher than that of pigs raised at a lower altitude, whereas the abundance of lipids in the livers of Yorkshire pigs was higher than that of Tibetan pigs raised at the same altitude. Of the 1101 lipids identified, 323 and 193 differentially abundant lipids (DALs) were identified in the pairwise comparisons of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs raised at different altitudes, respectively. The DALs of Tibetan pigs consisted mainly of 161 triglycerides, along with several acylcarnitines, represented by carnitine C2:0, and significant changes in the abundance of some phospholipids. The DALs of Yorkshire pigs were more complex, with significant increases in the abundance of triglycerides, cholesteryl esters, and free fatty acids, and decreases in the abundance of some phospholipids. This research provides strong theoretical and data support for the high-quality development of the highland livestock industry

Host Non-Coding RNA Regulates Influenza A Virus Replication

Outbreaks of influenza, caused by the influenza A virus (IAV), occur almost every year in various regions worldwide, seriously endangering human health. Studies have shown that host non-coding RNA is an important regulator of host–virus interactions in the process of IAV infection. In this paper, we comprehensively analyzed the research progress on host non-coding RNAs with regard to the regulation of IAV replication. According to the regulation mode of host non-coding RNAs, the signal pathways involved, and the specific target genes, we found that a large number of host non-coding RNAs directly targeted the PB1 and PB2 proteins of IAV. Nonstructural protein 1 and other key genes regulate the replication of IAV and indirectly participate in the regulation of the retinoic acid-induced gene I-like receptor signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway, and other major intracellular viral response signaling pathways to regulate the replication of IAV. Based on the above findings, we mapped the regulatory network of host non-coding RNAs in the innate immune response to the influenza virus. These findings will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the function and mechanism of host non-coding RNAs in the cellular anti-virus response as well as clues to the mechanism of cell–virus interactions and the discovery of antiviral drug targets

TGM2 inhibits the proliferation, migration and tumorigenesis of MDCK cells.

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are one of the main cell lines used for influenza vaccine production due to their high virus yield and low mutation resistance. Due to their high tumorigenicity, the safety of vaccines produced from these cells is controversial. TGM2 is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in the adhesion and migration of cells and is associated with tumor formation. We found that the expression level of TGM2 was significantly up-regulated in low tumorigenic MDCK cells. We first analyzed TGM2-overexpressed and knockout MDCK cells in vitro. Scratch-wound assay and Transwell chamber experiments showed that TGM2 overexpression significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MDCK cells and significantly reduced their proliferation. TGM2 knockout significantly enhanced cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. The tumorigenesis results in nude mice were consistent with those in vitro. TGM2 knockout significantly enhanced the tumorigenesis rate of MDCK cells in nude mice. We also investigated the effects of TGM2 gene expression on the replication of the H1N1 influenza A virus in MDCK cells. The results showed that TGM2 induced the negative regulation of H1N1 replication. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the tumor regulation mechanism and biological functions of TGM2

Animal ethics.

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are one of the main cell lines used for influenza vaccine production due to their high virus yield and low mutation resistance. Due to their high tumorigenicity, the safety of vaccines produced from these cells is controversial. TGM2 is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in the adhesion and migration of cells and is associated with tumor formation. We found that the expression level of TGM2 was significantly up-regulated in low tumorigenic MDCK cells. We first analyzed TGM2-overexpressed and knockout MDCK cells in vitro. Scratch-wound assay and Transwell chamber experiments showed that TGM2 overexpression significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MDCK cells and significantly reduced their proliferation. TGM2 knockout significantly enhanced cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. The tumorigenesis results in nude mice were consistent with those in vitro. TGM2 knockout significantly enhanced the tumorigenesis rate of MDCK cells in nude mice. We also investigated the effects of TGM2 gene expression on the replication of the H1N1 influenza A virus in MDCK cells. The results showed that TGM2 induced the negative regulation of H1N1 replication. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the tumor regulation mechanism and biological functions of TGM2.</div

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Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are one of the main cell lines used for influenza vaccine production due to their high virus yield and low mutation resistance. Due to their high tumorigenicity, the safety of vaccines produced from these cells is controversial. TGM2 is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in the adhesion and migration of cells and is associated with tumor formation. We found that the expression level of TGM2 was significantly up-regulated in low tumorigenic MDCK cells. We first analyzed TGM2-overexpressed and knockout MDCK cells in vitro. Scratch-wound assay and Transwell chamber experiments showed that TGM2 overexpression significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MDCK cells and significantly reduced their proliferation. TGM2 knockout significantly enhanced cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. The tumorigenesis results in nude mice were consistent with those in vitro. TGM2 knockout significantly enhanced the tumorigenesis rate of MDCK cells in nude mice. We also investigated the effects of TGM2 gene expression on the replication of the H1N1 influenza A virus in MDCK cells. The results showed that TGM2 induced the negative regulation of H1N1 replication. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the tumor regulation mechanism and biological functions of TGM2.</div

Expression of TGM2 in high and low tumor-forming MDCK cells detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.

(A). TGM2 mRNA levels in high and low tumorigenesis MDCK cells determined by real-time PCR. (B). TGM2 protein levels in high and low tumor-forming MDCK cells were determined by Western blotting and densitometrically quantified and normalized to β‐actin (C).</p