Harvesting Entanglement by non-identical detectors with different energy gaps

It has been shown that the vacuum state of a free quantum field is entangled and such vacuum entanglement can be harvested by a pair of initially uncorrelated detectors interacting locally with the vacuum field for a finite time. In this paper, we examine the entanglement harvesting phenomenon of two non-identical inertial detectors with different energy gaps locally interacting with massless scalar fields via a Gaussian switching function. We focus on how entanglement harvesting depends on the energy gap difference from two perspectives: the amount of entanglement harvested and the harvesting-achievable separation between the two detectors. In the sense of the amount of entanglement, we find that as long as the inter-detector separation is not too small with respect to the interaction duration parameter, two non-identical detectors could extract more entanglement from the vacuum state than the identical detectors. There exists an optimal value of the energy gap difference when the inter-detector separation is sufficiently large that renders the harvested entanglement to peak. Regarding the harvesting-achievable separation, we further find that the presence of an energy gap difference generally enlarges the harvesting-achievable separation range. Our results suggest that the non-identical detectors may be advantageous to extracting entanglement from vacuum in certain circumstances as compared to identical detectors.Comment: 16 pages,5 figure

How mobile instant messaging affects public employees’ daily work: An empirical examination based on stressor-strain-outcome model

The phenomenon of excessive instant messaging usage in the workplace has garnered increasing attention in recent years. Despite its pervasiveness, extant literature predominantly focused on the psychological well-being, with the subsequent influences on work performance remaining largely unexplored. Using data from street-level bureaus in China, this study examines how work-oriented mobile instant messaging stressors result in psychological reactions and daily work performance decrement as well. Results demonstrate that information overload, compulsive usage and normative response pressure are significant predictors of strain which was represented by cognitive fatigue, emotional fatigue and invasion of life. These strain constructs can further impair individual’s work performance. The findings from this research provide meaningful theoretical insights and carry practical implications

A Deep Learning Entity Extraction Model for Chinese Government Documents

In this paper, we propose a combined Whole-Word-Masking based Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining approach with dictionary embedding entities recognition model for Chinese documents. By using multiple feature vectors generated by such as Roberta and domain dictionaries as embedding layers, the contextual semantic information of the text is fully considered. Meanwhile, Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM) and a multi-head attention mechanism are used to learn the information of long-distance dependency of the text. We use conditional random field(CRF) to obtain the global optimal annotation sequence, which is expected to improve the performance of the model. In this paper, we conduct comparison experiments with five baseline-based methods in the official document dataset of government affairs domain. The Precision of the model is 91.8%, Recall is 90.5%, and F1 value is 91.1%, which are better than other baseline models, indicating that the proposed model is more accurate for recognizing named entities in government documents

Measurement and Simulation Study on Effective Drainage Radius of Borehole Along Coal Seam

A measurement study was conducted for the effective drainage radius of borehole along coal seam #9 of the Kaiyuan Coal Mine using the gas pressure method and gas flow method. The measurement results show that the effective drainage radius of borehole along coal seam #9 was 0.75 m, 27 days after drainage, and 1.5 m, 92 days after drainage. Experimental schemes were designed for the entire evolution of the stress in the coal mass around the borehole, and an experimental study on methane seepage in the coal mass around borehole was conducted. Fitting functions for the permeability of the coal sample and its vertical stress were obtained by fitting the experimental data. Based on the vertical stress–permeability functional relationship of coal masses around borehole, a numerical calculation model for methane seepage from coal masses around borehole was established, and the influences of drainage time, initial gas pressure, borehole diameter, and drainage negative pressure on the effective drainage radius of borehole were investigated. The numerical simulation results show that with the increase in initial gas pressure and borehole diameter, the effective drainage radius of borehole increases continuously but its increase amplitude decreases constantly. With the increase in drainage negative pressure, the effective drainage radius of borehole increases linearly but the increase amplitude is relatively small. The layout parameters of borehole along coal seam #9 of the Kaiyuan Coal Mine were optimized based on the numerical calculation results, and the reasonable drainage time, reasonable borehole diameter, and reasonable drainage negative pressure are 180 days, 120 mm, and 15 kPa, respectively, for the borehole along coal seam #9

Characteristics and Mitigation Measures of Aircraft Pollutant Emissions at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NKG), China

The assessment of local air pollution due to aircraft emissions at/near the airport is an important issue from the standpoint of environment and human health, but has not received due attention in China. In this paper, the pollutant emissions (i.e. HC, CO, NOx, SOx and PM) from aircraft during landing and take-off (LTO) cycles at Nanjing Lukou Airport (NKG) in 2016 were investigated using an improved method, which considered the taxi-in and –out time calculated based on the real data from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), instead of using the referenced time recommended by ICAO. First, the pollutant emissions and their characteristics were studied from different perspectives. Second, two various mitigation measures of emissions were proposed, and the performance of emission reduction was analysed. Our analysis shows that: (1) A320 and B738 emitted the largest emissions at NKG; (2) pollutants were mainly emitted during the taxi mode, followed by climb mode; (3) B738 had the lowest emissions per (seat•LTO) among all aircraft, while CRJ had the lowest emissions per unit LTO; (4) shortening the taxiing time and upgrading aircraft engines are both effective measures to mitigate pollutant emissions.</p

Game-based Platforms for Artificial Intelligence Research

Games have been the perfect test-beds for artificial intelligence research for the characteristics that widely exist in real-world scenarios. Learning and optimisation, decision making in dynamic and uncertain environments, game theory, planning and scheduling, design and education are common research areas shared between games and real-world problems. Numerous open-sourced games or game-based environments have been implemented for studying artificial intelligence. In addition to single- or multi-player, collaborative or adversarial games, there has also been growing interest in implementing platforms for creative design in recent years. Those platforms provide ideal benchmarks for exploring and comparing artificial intelligence ideas and techniques. This paper reviews the game-based platforms for artificial intelligence research, discusses the research trend induced by the evolution of those platforms, and gives an outlook

Constrained Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Material Handling

As one of the core parts of flexible manufacturing systems, material handling involves storage and transportation of materials between workstations with automated vehicles. The improvement in material handling can impulse the overall efficiency of the manufacturing system. However, the occurrence of dynamic events during the optimisation of task arrangements poses a challenge that requires adaptability and effectiveness. In this paper, we aim at the scheduling of automated guided vehicles for dynamic material handling. Motivated by some real-world scenarios, unknown new tasks and unexpected vehicle breakdowns are regarded as dynamic events in our problem. We formulate the problem as a constrained Markov decision process which takes into account tardiness and available vehicles as cumulative and instantaneous constraints, respectively. An adaptive constrained reinforcement learning algorithm that combines Lagrangian relaxation and invalid action masking, named RCPOM, is proposed to address the problem with two hybrid constraints. Moreover, a gym-like dynamic material handling simulator, named DMH-GYM, is developed and equipped with diverse problem instances, which can be used as benchmarks for dynamic material handling. Experimental results on the problem instances demonstrate the outstanding performance of our proposed approach compared with eight state-of-the-art constrained and non-constrained reinforcement learning algorithms, and widely used dispatching rules for material handling.Comment: accepted by the 2023 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN

Phosphorylation of TGB1 by protein kinase CK2 promotes barley stripe mosaic virus movement in monocots and dicots.

The barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) triple gene block 1 (TGB1) protein is required for virus cell-to-cell movement. However, little information is available about how these activities are regulated by post-translational modifications. In this study, we showed that the BSMV Xinjiang strain TGB1 (XJTGB1) is phosphorylated in vivo and in vitro by protein kinase CK2 from barley and Nicotiana benthamiana. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro phosphorylation assays demonstrated that Thr-401 is the major phosphorylation site of the XJTGB1 protein, and suggested that a Thr-395 kinase docking site supports Thr-401 phosphorylation. Substitution of Thr-395 with alanine (T395A) only moderately impaired virus cell-to-cell movement and systemic infection. In contrast, the Thr-401 alanine (T401A) virus mutant was unable to systemically infect N. benthamiana but had only minor effects in monocot hosts. Substitution of Thr-395 or Thr-401 with aspartic acid interfered with monocot and dicot cell-to-cell movement and the plants failed to develop systemic infections. However, virus derivatives with single glutamic acid substitutions at Thr-395 and Thr-401 developed nearly normal systemic infections in the monocot hosts but were unable to infect N. benthamiana systemically, and none of the double mutants was able to infect dicot and monocot hosts. The mutant XJTGB1T395A/T401A weakened in vitro interactions between XJTGB1 and XJTGB3 proteins but had little effect on XJTGB1 RNA-binding ability. Taken together, our results support a critical role of CK2 phosphorylation in the movement of BSMV in monocots and dicots, and provide new insights into the roles of phosphorylation in TGB protein functions