16 research outputs found
DataSheet_1_Blockade of PD-1 and LAG-3 expression on CD8+ T cells promotes the tumoricidal effects of CD8+ T cells.docx
BackgroundThe diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has the highest incidence of all lymphomas worldwide. To investigate the functions of lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) in tissues and peripheral blood of patients with DLBCL, the expression of LAG-3 and PD-1 genes in DLBCL-TCGA were analyzed.MethodsLAG-3 and PD-1 mRNA levels in DLBCL were analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Utilize the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database for assessing the variance in the expression of LAG-3, PD-1, and other associated factors between the tissues of DLBCL patients and healthy individuals. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of LAG-3 and PD-1 levels in 137 cases of DLBCL tissues and 20 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. The prognostic value of LAG-3 and PD-1 were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier curve. The Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) and ssGSEA algorithm were used to explore the immune microenvironment of DLBCL. Additionally, the expression and co-expression of LAG-3 and PD-1 were detected on CD4 and CD8 T cells in peripheral blood samples from 100 cases of DLBCL tissues and 30 cases of healthy individuals using flow cytometry.ResultsAccording to TCGA database, LAG-3 and PD-1 gene expression levels were significantly up-regulated in DLBCL tissues. LAG-3 and PD-1 levels were also strongly positively correlated with those of most infiltrating immune cells. Overall survival of patients with high LAG-3 and PD-1 co-expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with low co-expression. In DLBCL patients, LAG-3 and PD-1 were highly expressed in peripheral blood CD8+ T cells. In addition, LAG-3 was highly expressed in CD4+ T cells, while the expression of PD-1 in CD4+ T cells of DLBCL patients showed no significant difference compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, CD8+ T cells and SU-DHL6/OCI-LY3 from patients with DLBCL were co-cultured in vitro; after addition of LAG-3 and/or PD-1 inhibitors alone, an increased perforin and granzyme B secretion levels by CD8+ T cells were detected, as well as an increase in the overall proportion of tumor cells undergoing apoptosis.ConclusionHigh LAG-3 and PD-1 levels significantly inhibit CD8+ T cell function, resulting in weakened ability to kill tumor cells. Combined LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade can restore CD8+ T cell function and provides a potential avenue for development of personalized cellular immunotherapy for DLBCL.</p
Visible-Light-Activated Asymmetric β‑C–H Functionalization of Acceptor-Substituted Ketones with 1,2-Dicarbonyl Compounds
We report a visible-light-activated
asymmetric β-CÂ(sp<sup>3</sup>)–H functionalization of
2-acyl imidazoles and 2-acylpyridines
with 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds (typically α-ketoesters) catalyzed
by a tailored stereogenic-at-rhodium Lewis acid catalyst. The C–C
bond formation products are obtained in high yields (up to 99%) and
with excellent stereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr and up to >99%
ee). Experimental and computational studies support a mechanism in
which a photoactivated Rh-enolate transfers a single electron to the
1,2-dicarbonyl compound followed by proton transfer and a subsequent
stereocontrolled radical–radical recombination
Asymmetric Catalysis with an Inert Chiral-at-Metal Iridium Complex
The development of
a chiral-at-metal iridiumÂ(III) complex for the
highly efficient catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of β,β′-disubstituted
nitroalkenes is reported. Catalysis by this inert, rigid metal complex
does not involve any direct metal coordination but operates exclusively
through weak interactions with functional groups properly arranged
in the ligand sphere of the iridium complex. Although the iridium
complex relies only on the formation of three hydrogen bonds, it exceeds
the performance of most organocatalysts with respect to enantiomeric
excess (up to 99% ee) and catalyst loading (down to 0.1 mol %). This
work hints at an advantage of structurally complicated rigid scaffolds
for non-covalent catalysis, which especially relies on conformationally
constrained cooperative interactions between the catalyst and substrates
Asymmetric Catalysis with an Inert Chiral-at-Metal Iridium Complex
The development of
a chiral-at-metal iridiumÂ(III) complex for the
highly efficient catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of β,β′-disubstituted
nitroalkenes is reported. Catalysis by this inert, rigid metal complex
does not involve any direct metal coordination but operates exclusively
through weak interactions with functional groups properly arranged
in the ligand sphere of the iridium complex. Although the iridium
complex relies only on the formation of three hydrogen bonds, it exceeds
the performance of most organocatalysts with respect to enantiomeric
excess (up to 99% ee) and catalyst loading (down to 0.1 mol %). This
work hints at an advantage of structurally complicated rigid scaffolds
for non-covalent catalysis, which especially relies on conformationally
constrained cooperative interactions between the catalyst and substrates
Asymmetric Catalysis with an Inert Chiral-at-Metal Iridium Complex
The development of
a chiral-at-metal iridiumÂ(III) complex for the
highly efficient catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of β,β′-disubstituted
nitroalkenes is reported. Catalysis by this inert, rigid metal complex
does not involve any direct metal coordination but operates exclusively
through weak interactions with functional groups properly arranged
in the ligand sphere of the iridium complex. Although the iridium
complex relies only on the formation of three hydrogen bonds, it exceeds
the performance of most organocatalysts with respect to enantiomeric
excess (up to 99% ee) and catalyst loading (down to 0.1 mol %). This
work hints at an advantage of structurally complicated rigid scaffolds
for non-covalent catalysis, which especially relies on conformationally
constrained cooperative interactions between the catalyst and substrates
MOESM1 of Elimination of N-glycosylation by site mutation further prolongs the half-life of IFN-ĂŽÄ…/Fc fusion proteins expressed in Pichia pastoris
Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequences used in cloning
Tracing the Flu Symptom Progression via a Smart Face Mask
Respiration and body temperature are largely influenced
by the
highly contagious influenza virus, which poses persistent global public
health challenges. Here, we present a wireless all-in-one sensory
face mask (WISE mask) made of ultrasensitive fibrous temperature
sensors. The WISE mask shows exceptional thermosensitivity, excellent
breathability, and wearing comfort. It offers highly sensitive body
temperature monitoring and respiratory detection capabilities. Capitalizing
on the advances in the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence,
the WISE mask is further demonstrated by customized flexible circuitry,
deep learning algorithms, and a user-friendly interface to continuously
recognize the abnormalities of both the respiration and body temperature.
The WISE mask represents a compelling approach to tracing flu symptom
progression in a cost-effective and convenient manner, serving as
a powerful solution for personalized health monitoring and point-of-care
systems in the face of ongoing influenza-related public health concerns
Tracing the Flu Symptom Progression via a Smart Face Mask
Respiration and body temperature are largely influenced
by the
highly contagious influenza virus, which poses persistent global public
health challenges. Here, we present a wireless all-in-one sensory
face mask (WISE mask) made of ultrasensitive fibrous temperature
sensors. The WISE mask shows exceptional thermosensitivity, excellent
breathability, and wearing comfort. It offers highly sensitive body
temperature monitoring and respiratory detection capabilities. Capitalizing
on the advances in the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence,
the WISE mask is further demonstrated by customized flexible circuitry,
deep learning algorithms, and a user-friendly interface to continuously
recognize the abnormalities of both the respiration and body temperature.
The WISE mask represents a compelling approach to tracing flu symptom
progression in a cost-effective and convenient manner, serving as
a powerful solution for personalized health monitoring and point-of-care
systems in the face of ongoing influenza-related public health concerns
Tracing the Flu Symptom Progression via a Smart Face Mask
Respiration and body temperature are largely influenced
by the
highly contagious influenza virus, which poses persistent global public
health challenges. Here, we present a wireless all-in-one sensory
face mask (WISE mask) made of ultrasensitive fibrous temperature
sensors. The WISE mask shows exceptional thermosensitivity, excellent
breathability, and wearing comfort. It offers highly sensitive body
temperature monitoring and respiratory detection capabilities. Capitalizing
on the advances in the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence,
the WISE mask is further demonstrated by customized flexible circuitry,
deep learning algorithms, and a user-friendly interface to continuously
recognize the abnormalities of both the respiration and body temperature.
The WISE mask represents a compelling approach to tracing flu symptom
progression in a cost-effective and convenient manner, serving as
a powerful solution for personalized health monitoring and point-of-care
systems in the face of ongoing influenza-related public health concerns
Tracing the Flu Symptom Progression via a Smart Face Mask
Respiration and body temperature are largely influenced
by the
highly contagious influenza virus, which poses persistent global public
health challenges. Here, we present a wireless all-in-one sensory
face mask (WISE mask) made of ultrasensitive fibrous temperature
sensors. The WISE mask shows exceptional thermosensitivity, excellent
breathability, and wearing comfort. It offers highly sensitive body
temperature monitoring and respiratory detection capabilities. Capitalizing
on the advances in the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence,
the WISE mask is further demonstrated by customized flexible circuitry,
deep learning algorithms, and a user-friendly interface to continuously
recognize the abnormalities of both the respiration and body temperature.
The WISE mask represents a compelling approach to tracing flu symptom
progression in a cost-effective and convenient manner, serving as
a powerful solution for personalized health monitoring and point-of-care
systems in the face of ongoing influenza-related public health concerns