2,826 research outputs found
GW26-e1369 Noval Arg1114Cys, Glu1142Lys mutations in beta myosin heavy chain gene in Chinese pedigrees with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Effects of Maillard-type caseinate glycation on the preventive action of caseinate digests in acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in IEC-6 cells
Dietary acrylamide has attracted widespread concern due to its toxic effects; however, its adverse impact on the intestines is less assessed. Protein glycation of the Maillard-type is widely used for property modification, but its potential effect on preventive efficacy of protein digest against the acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction is quite unknown. Caseinate was thus glycated with lactose. Two tryptic digests from the glycated caseinate and untreated caseinate (namely GCN digest and CN digest) were then assessed for their protective effects against acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in the IEC-6 cell model. The results showed that acrylamide at 1.25–10 mmol L(−1) dose-dependently had cytotoxic effects on IEC-6 cells, leading to decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase release. Acrylamide also brought about barrier dysfunction, including decreased trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value and increased epithelial permeability. However, the two digests at 12.5–100 μg mL(−1) could alleviate this dysfunction via enhancing cell viability by 70.2–83.9%, partly restoring TEER values, and decreasing epithelial permeability from 100% to 76.6–94.1%. The two digests at 25 μg mL(−1) strengthened the tight junctions via increasing tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 expression by 11.5–68.6%. However, the results also suggested that the GCN digest always showed lower protective efficacy than the CN digest in the cells. It is concluded that Maillard-type caseinate glycation with lactose endows the resultant tryptic digest with impaired preventive effect against acrylamide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, highlighting another adverse effect of the Maillard reaction on food proteins
Anisotropic magneto-resistance in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions induced by spin-orbit coupling
We performed a first-principles study of the tunneling anisotropic
magneto-resistance (TAMR) in Ag(Ir,Pt)MgOFe junctions. Enhanced TAMR with
ideal and skewed fourfold angular dependence is found in-plane and out-of-plane
TAMR of the system, respectively, which shows simple barrier thickness
dependency with number around 10\% in some junctions. The complex angular
dependency of the interfacial resonant states due to the spin-orbit coupling
should be responsible to the complex and enhanced TAMR found in these
junctions.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure
Class Attention to Regions of Lesion for Imbalanced Medical Image Recognition
Automated medical image classification is the key component in intelligent
diagnosis systems. However, most medical image datasets contain plenty of
samples of common diseases and just a handful of rare ones, leading to major
class imbalances. Currently, it is an open problem in intelligent diagnosis to
effectively learn from imbalanced training data. In this paper, we propose a
simple yet effective framework, named \textbf{C}lass \textbf{A}ttention to
\textbf{RE}gions of the lesion (CARE), to handle data imbalance issues by
embedding attention into the training process of \textbf{C}onvolutional
\textbf{N}eural \textbf{N}etworks (CNNs). The proposed attention module helps
CNNs attend to lesion regions of rare diseases, therefore helping CNNs to learn
their characteristics more effectively. In addition, this attention module
works only during the training phase and does not change the architecture of
the original network, so it can be directly combined with any existing CNN
architecture. The CARE framework needs bounding boxes to represent the lesion
regions of rare diseases. To alleviate the need for manual annotation, we
further developed variants of CARE by leveraging the traditional saliency
methods or a pretrained segmentation model for bounding box generation. Results
show that the CARE variants with automated bounding box generation are
comparable to the original CARE framework with \textit{manual} bounding box
annotations. A series of experiments on an imbalanced skin image dataset and a
pneumonia dataset indicates that our method can effectively help the network
focus on the lesion regions of rare diseases and remarkably improves the
classification performance of rare diseases.Comment: Accepted by Neurocomputing on July 2023. 37 page
Excessive neutrophil extracellular trap formation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide exacerbates inflammatory responses in high glucose microenvironment
IntroductionNeutrophil extracellular trap (NET) is a novel defense strategy of neutrophils and found to be induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or high glucose. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of NET formation in high glucose inflammatory microenvironment.MethodsNETs induced by 1 μg/ml P. gingivalis LPS and/or 25 mM glucose were visualized using a fluorescence microscopy and the levels of extracellular DNA were determined by a microplate reader. The bactericidal efficiency of NETs was assessed by quantifying the survival P. gingivalis in neutrophils. The levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β in THP-1 derived-macrophages, and the expressions of p-PKC βII, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, ORAI1 and ORAI2 in neutrophils were detected by Western blot. Moreover, levels of intracellular Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophils were explored by flow cytometry.ResultsP. gingivalis LPS enhanced the formation of NETs and increased the levels of extracellular DNA in high glucose microenvironment (p < 0.05). Compared with normal glucose inflammatory microenvironment, quantities of extra- and intracellular viable P. gingivalis in neutrophils exposed to NETs induced in high glucose inflammatory one were increased (p < 0.05) and the expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β were dramatically increased in macrophages co-cultured with NETs from high glucose inflammatory microenvironment (p < 0.05). In addition, levels of ROS, intracellular Ca2+, p-PKC βII, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, ORAI1 and ORAI2 were increased in neutrophils stimulated with both high glucose and P. gingivalis LPS compared with the single stimulus groups (p < 0.05).DiscussionIn high glucose inflammatory microenvironment, formation of NETs was enhanced via oxidative stress, which failed to reverse the decreased bactericidal capacity in high glucose microenvironment, and instead aggravated the subsequent inflammatory responses
2-Methyl-1,1,3,3-tetraÂphenylÂpropan-2-ol
The title compound, C28H26O, was synthesized by condensation of diphenylÂmethylÂlithium and ethyl acetate. In one diphenylÂmethyl group, the two benzene rings are rotated by 65.0 (3)° with respect to each other, while in the other diphenylÂmethyl group, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 84.1 (3)°
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