Video1_Continuous long-range measurement of tonic dopamine with advanced FSCV for pharmacodynamic analysis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease.WMV

Levodopa, a dopamine prodrug, alleviates the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its chronic use gives rise to levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). However, it remains unclear whether levodopa pharmacodynamics is altered during the progressive onset of LID. Using in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry and second-derivative-based background drift removal, we continuously measured tonic dopamine levels using high temporal resolution recording over 1-h. Increases to tonic dopamine levels following acute levodopa administration were slow and marginal within the naïve PD model. However, these levels increased faster and higher in the LID model. Furthermore, we identified a strong positive correlation of dyskinetic behavior with the rate of dopamine increase, but much less with its cumulative level, at each time point. Here, we identified the altered signature of striatal DA dynamics underlying LID in PD using an advanced FSCV technique that demonstrates the long-range dynamics of tonic dopamine following drug administration.</p

DataSheet1_Continuous long-range measurement of tonic dopamine with advanced FSCV for pharmacodynamic analysis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease.docx

Levodopa, a dopamine prodrug, alleviates the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its chronic use gives rise to levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). However, it remains unclear whether levodopa pharmacodynamics is altered during the progressive onset of LID. Using in vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry and second-derivative-based background drift removal, we continuously measured tonic dopamine levels using high temporal resolution recording over 1-h. Increases to tonic dopamine levels following acute levodopa administration were slow and marginal within the naïve PD model. However, these levels increased faster and higher in the LID model. Furthermore, we identified a strong positive correlation of dyskinetic behavior with the rate of dopamine increase, but much less with its cumulative level, at each time point. Here, we identified the altered signature of striatal DA dynamics underlying LID in PD using an advanced FSCV technique that demonstrates the long-range dynamics of tonic dopamine following drug administration.</p

DR ATAC-seq

ATAC-seq raw datasets for C57BL6/J dorsal raphe nuclei</p

Enhancement of Interface Characteristics of Neural Probe Based on Graphene, ZnO Nanowires, and Conducting Polymer PEDOT

In the growing field of brain–machine interface (BMI), the interface between electrodes and neural tissues plays an important role in the recording and stimulation of neural signals. To minimize tissue damage while retaining high sensitivity, a flexible and a smaller electrode with low impedance is required. However, it is a major challenge to reduce electrode size while retaining the conductive characteristics of the electrode. In addition, the mechanical mismatch between stiff electrodes and soft tissues creates damaging reactive tissue responses. Here, we demonstrate a neural probe structure based on graphene, ZnO nanowires, and conducting polymer that provides flexibility and low impedance performance. A hybrid Au and graphene structure was utilized to achieve both flexibility and good conductivity. Using ZnO nanowires to increase the effective surface area drastically decreased the impedance value and enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A poly­[3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene] (PEDOT) coating on the neural probe improved the electrical characteristics of the electrode while providing better biocompatibility. In vivo neural signal recordings showed that our neural probe can detect clearer signals