Glassy Metal Alloy Nanofiber Anodes Employing Graphene Wrapping Layer: Toward Ultralong-Cycle-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries

Amorphous silicon (a-Si) has been intensively explored as one of the most attractive candidates for high-capacity and long-cycle-life anode in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) primarily because of its reduced volume expansion characteristic (∼280%) compared to crystalline Si anodes (∼400%) after full Li⁺ insertion. Here, we report one-dimensional (1-D) electrospun Si-based metallic glass alloy nanofibers (NFs) with an optimized composition of Si₆₀Sn₁₂Ce₁₈Fe₅Al₃Ti₂. On the basis of careful compositional tailoring of Si alloy NFs, we found that Ce plays the most important role as a glass former in the formation of the metallic glass alloy. Moreover, Si-based metallic glass alloy NFs were wrapped by reduced graphene oxide sheets (specifically Si₆₀Sn₁₂Ce₁₈Fe₅Al₃Ti₂ NFs@rGO), which can prevent the direct exposure of a-Si alloy NFs to the liquid electrolyte and stabilize the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers on the surfaces of rGO sheets while facilitating electron transport. The metallic glass nanofibers exhibited superior electrochemical cell performance as an anode: (i) Si₆₀Sn₁₂Ce₁₈Fe₅Al₃Ti₂ NFs show a high specific capacity of 1017 mAh g^–1 up to 400 cycles at 0.05C with negligible capacity loss as well as superior cycling performance (nearly 99.9% capacity retention even after 2000 cycles at 0.5C); (ii) Si₆₀Sn₁₂Ce₁₈Fe₅Al₃Ti₂ NFs@rGO reveals outstanding rate behavior (569.77 mAh g^–1 after 2000 cycles at 0.5C and a reversible capacity of around 370 mAh g^–1 at 4C). We demonstrate the potential suitability of multicomponent a-Si alloy NFs as a long-cycling anode material

Three-Dimensional Nanofibrous Air Electrode Assembled With Carbon Nanotubes-Bridged Hollow Fe₂O₃ Nanoparticles for High-Performance Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

Lithium–oxygen batteries have been considered as one of the most viable energy source options for electric vehicles due to their high energy density. However, they are still faced with technical challenges, such as low round-trip efficiency and short cycle life, which mainly originate from the cathode part of the battery. In this work, we designed a three-dimensional nanofibrous air electrode consisted of hierarchically structured carbon nanotube-bridged hollow Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (H-Fe₂O₃/CNT NFs). Composite nanofibers consisted of hollow Fe₂O₃ NPs anchored by multiple CNTs offered enhanced catalytic sites (interconnected hollow Fe₂O₃ NPs) and fast charge-transport highway (bridged CNTs) for facile formation and decomposition of Li₂O₂, leading to outstanding cell performance: (1) Swagelok cell exhibited highly reversible cycling characteristics for 250 cycles with a fixed capacity of 1000 mAh g^–1 at a current density of 500 mA g^–1. (2) A module composed of two pouch-type cells stably powered an light-emitting diode lamp operated at 5.0 V

Rational Design of Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Single Layers of WS₂ Nanoplates Anchored to Hollow Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofibers

To exploit the benefits of nanostructuring for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), we employed coaxial electrospinning to synthesize single-layered WS₂ nanoplates anchored to hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (WS₂@HNCNFs) as efficient electrocatalysts. For comparison, bulk WS₂ powder and single layers of WS₂ embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (WS₂@NCNFs) were synthesized and electrochemically tested. The distinctive design of the WS₂@HNCNFs enables remarkable electrochemical performances showing a low overpotential with reduced charge transfer resistance, a small Tafel slope, and excellent durability. The experimental results highlight the importance of nanostructure engineering in electrocatalysts for enhanced HER

One-Dimensional RuO₂/Mn₂O₃ Hollow Architectures as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

Rational design and massive production of bifunctional catalysts with fast oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics are critical to the realization of highly efficient lithium–oxygen (Li–O₂) batteries. Here, we first exploit two types of double-walled RuO₂ and Mn₂O₃ composite fibers, i.e., (i) phase separated RuO₂/Mn₂O₃ fiber-in-tube (RM-FIT) and (ii) multicomposite RuO₂/Mn₂O₃ tube-in-tube (RM-TIT), by controlling ramping rate during electrospinning process. Both RM-FIT and RM-TIT exhibited excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activities in alkaline media. The air electrodes using RM-FIT and RM-TIT showed enhanced overpotential characteristics and stable cyclability over 100 cycles in the Li–O₂ cells, demonstrating high potential as efficient OER and ORR catalysts

Electrochemical Nature of the Cathode Interface for a Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery: Interface between LiCoO₂ and Garnet-Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂

Garnet-structured solid electrolytes have been extensively studied for a solid-state lithium rechargeable battery. Previous works have been mostly focused on the materials’ development and basic electrochemical properties but not the cathode/electrolyte interface. Understanding the cathode interface is critical to enhance chemical stability and electrochemical performance of a solid-state battery cell. In this work, we studied thoroughly the cathode/electrolyte interface between LiCoO₂ and Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO). It was found that the high-temperature process to fuse LiCoO₂ and LLZO induced cross-diffusion of elements and formation of the tetragonal LLZO phase at the interface. These degradations affected electrochemical performance, especially the initial Coulombic efficiency and cycle life. In a clean cathode interface without the thermal process, an irreversible electrochemical decomposition at > ∼ 3.0 V vs Li⁺/Li was identified. The decomposition was able to be avoided by a surface modification of LLZO (e.g., Co-diffused surface layer and/or presence of an interlayer, Li₃BO₃), and the surface modification was equally important to suppress a reaction during air storage. In a LiCoO₂/LLZO interface, it is important to separate direct contacts between LiCoO₂ and pure LLZO

sj-docx-1-tej-10.1177_20417314231226105 – Supplemental material for Therapeutic potential of luteolin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/modified magnesium hydroxide microsphere in functional thermosensitive hydrogel for treating neuropathic pain

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tej-10.1177_20417314231226105 for Therapeutic potential of luteolin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/modified magnesium hydroxide microsphere in functional thermosensitive hydrogel for treating neuropathic pain by So-Yeon Park, Joon Hyuk Jung, Da-Seul Kim, Jun-Kyu Lee, Byeong Gwan Song, Hae Eun Shin, Ji-Won Jung, Seung-Woon Baek, Seungkwon You, Inbo Han and Dong Keun Han in Journal of Tissue Engineering</p

sj-tif-2-tej-10.1177_20417314231226105 – Supplemental material for Therapeutic potential of luteolin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/modified magnesium hydroxide microsphere in functional thermosensitive hydrogel for treating neuropathic pain

Supplemental material, sj-tif-2-tej-10.1177_20417314231226105 for Therapeutic potential of luteolin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/modified magnesium hydroxide microsphere in functional thermosensitive hydrogel for treating neuropathic pain by So-Yeon Park, Joon Hyuk Jung, Da-Seul Kim, Jun-Kyu Lee, Byeong Gwan Song, Hae Eun Shin, Ji-Won Jung, Seung-Woon Baek, Seungkwon You, Inbo Han and Dong Keun Han in Journal of Tissue Engineering</p

Conducting Nanopaper: A Carbon-Free Cathode Platform for Li–O₂ Batteries

For a lithium–oxygen (Li–O₂) battery air electrode, we have developed a new all-in-one platform for designing a porous, carbon-free conducting nanopaper (CNp), which has dual functions as catalyst and current-collector, composed of one-dimensional conductive nanowires bound by a chitin binder. The CNp platform is fabricated by a liquid diffusion-induced crystallization and vacuum filtration methods. Employing less than 1 wt % chitin to connect the conductive skeleton, pores and active sites for reactions have become maximized in self-standing CNp. The carbon-free CNp enables the Li–O₂ air electrode to be more stably operated compared to carbon nanofibers and other CNps bound by PVDF and PMMA; side reactions are largely suppressed on the CNp. The versatile chitin is highlighted for diverse conducting nanopapers that can be used in various applications

Distribution of validation rate according to SNP quality (SNPQ) and total read depth (TD).

<p>(A) Validation rate of SNPQ for SAMtools (SNP set1 and SNP set3). (B) Validation rate of SNPQ for GATK (SNP set2 and SNP set4). (C) Validation rate of TD for SNP set1–4.</p

Pipelines for calling single nucleotide variants (SNVs). SNVs were called in four sets, based on SAMtools: mpileup (SNP set1 and SNP set3) and GATK: unified genotyper (SNP set2 and SNP set4).

<p>The numbers of reads and SNPs for individual steps are given for one exome-seq data set, generated using a Solexa GAIIx Genome Analyzer.</p