Expression patterns of <i>cldn5a</i> and <i>cldn5b</i>.

<p><b>(A—C)</b><i>In situ</i> hybridization of <i>cldn5a</i>. Specific expression of <i>cldn5a</i> in KV at 6 ss, marked by a red rectangle (A). Expression of <i>cldn5a</i> in neuroepithelial cells at 18 ss (B) and 24 hpf (C), marked by a red arrow. <b>(D—F)</b> <i>In situ</i> hybridization of <i>cldn5b</i>. No obvious expression of <i>cldn5b</i> at 6 ss (D). Expression of <i>cldn5b</i> in dorsal aorta (DA) and intersegmental vessels (ISV) at 18 ss (E) and 24 hpf (F). DA and ISV are marked by a green arrow and rectangle, respectively. <b>(G—M)</b> Maximum intensity projection images of Cldn5 (red) and <i>sox17</i>:<i>egfp</i>-positive KV cells (green) in 90% epiboly to 13 ss embryos. <b>(N)</b> Single plane image of Cldn5 (red) and <i>sox17</i>:<i>egfp</i>-positive KV cells (green) in 3 ss embryos. Scale bar: 20 μm.</p

Decreased number of cilia in partially formed KV lumen.

<p><b>(A—A’, B—B’)</b> Maximum intensity projection images of acetylated tubulin (grey) and <i>sox17</i>:<i>egfp</i>-positive KV cells (green) in 6 ss embryos. Representative images of DFC control morphants (A), and DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants (B). <b>(A”, B”)</b> Single plane images of acetylated tubulin (grey) and <i>sox17</i>:<i>egfp</i>-positive KV cells (green) in 6 ss embryos. <b>(C)</b> Statistical column bar graph of cilia number (DFC control morphants; n = 25, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants; n = 30) <b>(D)</b> Statistical column bar graph of cilia length (DFC control morphants; n = 314, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants; n = 128). *** depicts <i>p</i> < 0.001, N.S. (not significant) depicts <i>p</i> > 0.05. Error bars indicate s.e.m. Scale bar: 20 μm.</p

Treatment of forskolin and IBMX failed to recover the KV lumen size in DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants.

<p><b>(A—D)</b> Maximum intensity projection images of ZO-1 in 6 ss embryos. Representative images of DFC control morphants treated with DMSO (A) or forskolin/IBMX (B). Representative images of DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants treated with DMSO (C) or forskolin/IBMX (D). <b>(E)</b> Statistical column bar graph (DFC control morphants with DMSO; n = 30, DFC control morphants with forskolin/IBMX; n = 28, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants with DMSO; n = 19, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants with forskolin/IBMX; n = 22). *** depicts <i>p</i> < 0.001, ** depicts <i>p</i> < 0.01, N.S. depicts <i>p</i> > 0.05. Error bars indicate s.e.m. Scale bar: 20 μm.</p

Expressions of <i>spaw</i> and <i>dand5</i> were disrupted in DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants.

<p><b>(A—B)</b> Visualization of <i>spaw</i> by <i>in situ</i> hybridization in 18 ss embryos. Representative images of DFC control morphants (A) and DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants (B). <b>(C)</b> Stacked bar graph (blue; normal, orange; bilateral, grey; right-sided, DFC control morphants; n = 48, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants; n = 45). <b>(D—E)</b> Visualization of <i>dand5</i> by <i>in situ</i> hybridization in 6 ss embryos. Representative images of DFC control morphants (D) and DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants (E). <b>(F)</b> Stacked bar graph (blue; normal, orange; abnormal, DFC control morphants; n = 26, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants; n = 36). <b>(G—H)</b> Visualization of <i>dand5</i> by <i>in situ</i> hybridization in 8 ss embryos. Representative images of DFC control morphants (G) and DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants (E). <b>(I)</b> Stacked bar graph (blue; normal, orange; abnormal, DFC control morphants; n = 76, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants; n = 82). <b>(J)</b> Relative <i>dand5</i> mRNA expression in DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants versus DFC control morphants at 8 ss. Error bars indicate s.e.m.</p

Downregulation of <i>cldn5a</i> resulted in defective KV lumen in zebrafish.

<p><b>(A—F)</b> Maximum intensity projection images of ZO-1 (grey) and <i>sox17</i>:<i>egfp</i>-positive KV cells (green) in 6 ss, 8 ss and 10 ss embryos. Representative images of the DFC control morphants (A—C) and DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants (D—F). <b>(G)</b> Statistical box and whisker graph (DFC control morphants at 6 ss; n = 20, DFC control morphants at 8 ss; n = 31, DFC control morphants at 10 ss; n = 15, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants at 6 ss; n = 28, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants at 8 ss; n = 21, DFC <i>cldn5a</i> morphants at 10 ss; n = 18). Scale bar: 20 μm.</p

Adopting Novel Strategies in Achieving High-Performance Single-Layer Network Structured ZnO Nanorods Thin Film Transistors

High-performance, solution-processed transparent and flexible zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs)-based single layer network structured thin film transistors (TFTs) were developed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate at 100 °C. Keeping the process-temperature under 100 °C, we have improved the device performance by introducing three low temperature-based techniques; regrowing ZnO to fill the void spaces in a single layer network of ZnO NRs, passivating the back channel with polymer, and adopting ZrO₂ as the high-<i>k</i> dielectric. Notably, high-<i>k</i> amorphous ZrO₂ was synthesized and deposited using a novel method at an unprecedented temperature of 100 °C. Using these methods, the TFTs exhibited a high mobility of 1.77 cm²/V·s. An insignificant reduction of 2.18% in mobility value after 3000 cycles of dynamic bending at a radius of curvature of 20 mm indicated the robust mechanical nature of the flexible ZnO NRs SLNS TFTs

Three-Dimensional Layer-by-Layer Anode Structure Based on Co₃O₄ Nanoplates Strongly Tied by Capillary-like Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Use in High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

A layer-by-layer (LBL) structure composed of Co₃O₄ nanoplates and capillary-like three-dimensional (3D) multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nets was developed as an anode with simultaneous high-rate and long-term cycling performance in a lithium-ion battery. As the current density was increased to 50 A g^–1, the LBL structure exhibited excellent long-term cycling and rate performance. Thus, the Co₃O₄ nanoplates were in good electrical contact with the capillary-like 3D MWCNT nets under mechanically severe strain during long-term, high-rate cyclic operation

Three-Dimensional Layer-by-Layer Anode Structure Based on Co₃O₄ Nanoplates Strongly Tied by Capillary-like Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Use in High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

A layer-by-layer (LBL) structure composed of Co₃O₄ nanoplates and capillary-like three-dimensional (3D) multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nets was developed as an anode with simultaneous high-rate and long-term cycling performance in a lithium-ion battery. As the current density was increased to 50 A g^–1, the LBL structure exhibited excellent long-term cycling and rate performance. Thus, the Co₃O₄ nanoplates were in good electrical contact with the capillary-like 3D MWCNT nets under mechanically severe strain during long-term, high-rate cyclic operation

An exogenous NLS can rescue the nuclear localization of the hARD1 NLS mutant.

<p><b>A</b>. The region of the exogenous NLS insertion in ARD1. On the reported structure of the yeast ARD1, the region corresponding to the exogenous NLS insertion site in hARD1 (next to a.a. 64) is indicated by a red arrow. <b>B</b>. Schematic presentation of an exogenous NLS insertion to the NLS deletion mutant of hARD1. The NLS of hARD1, KRSHRR, was inserted next to a.a. 64 of the NLS deletion mutant (GFP-hARD1+N). <b>C</b>. Insertion of NLS into hARD1 rescued the nuclear localization of the NLS deletion mutant. GFP-hARD1 WT, ΔN, and +N were transfected into HEK293T cells, and the localization of hARD1 was analyzed by nuclear/cytosolic fractionation. Note the slightly smaller size of ΔN recovered in +N. <b>D</b>. An exogenous NLS can redirect the hARD1 NLS mutant into the nuclei. GFP-hARD1 WT-, ΔN-, and +N-expressing HeLa cells were visualized under fluorescence microscopy. Scale bar, 10 µm.</p

The hARD1 NLS mutant suppresses cell proliferation.

<p><b>A</b>. Constitutive expression of the NLS mutant of hARD1 leads to morphological alterations. HeLa cells transfected with hARD1 WT and ΔN were cultured in DMEM containing G418 to select for stable clones. After establishment, cell images were observed by phase-contrast microscopy. Arrows indicate cells with altered morphology (black, enlarged; red, rounded). Scale bar, 50 µm. <b>B</b> and <b>C</b>. hARD1ΔN-expressing cells showed a marked decrease in cell growth. B, cell growth of hARD1 WT and ΔN stable cell lines was monitored over time by MTS assay. The results are normalized to 0 day of each group and presented as mean ± S.D. (n = 5). C, HeLa cells stably expressing hARD1 WT and ΔN were subjected to anchorage-dependent (left) and -independent (right) colony formation assays. Number of colonies were presented as mean ± S.D. with representative well pictures. N = 3, ***<i>P</i><0.005.</p