Serum resistin as an independent marker of aortic stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease

<div><p>Background</p><p>Subjects with higher carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) will be at an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events in future. Resistin is an inflammatory mediator and a biomarker of CV diseases. We evaluated the association between serum resistin and aortic stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p>Methods</p><p>A total of 104 patients with CAD were enrolled in this study. cfPWV was measured using the SphygmoCor system. Patients with cfPWV >10 m/s were defined as the high aortic stiffness group.</p><p>Results</p><p>Thirty-seven patients (35.6%) had high aortic stiffness and higher percentages of diabetes (<i>p</i> = 0.001), were of older age (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and had higher waist circumference (<i>p</i> < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (<i>p</i> = 0.027), pulse pressure (<i>p</i> = 0.013), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and resistin levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001) but lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (<i>p</i> = 0.009) compared to subjects with low aortic stiffness. After adjusting for factors significantly associated with aortic stiffness by multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum resistin (odds ratio = 1.275, 95% confidence interval: 1.065–1.527, <i>p</i> = 0.008) was also found to be an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in patients with CAD.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Serum resistin level is a biomarker for aortic stiffness in patients with CAD.</p></div

Correlation between serum resistin levels and clinical variables among the 104 patients with coronary artery disease.

<p>Correlation between serum resistin levels and clinical variables among the 104 patients with coronary artery disease.</p

Clinical variables of the 104 patients with coronary artery disease with high or low aortic stiffness.

<p>Clinical variables of the 104 patients with coronary artery disease with high or low aortic stiffness.</p

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors correlated with aortic stiffness among the 104 patients with coronary artery disease.

<p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors correlated with aortic stiffness among the 104 patients with coronary artery disease.</p

Clinical characteristics and serum resistin levels of the 104 patients with coronary artery disease.

<p>Clinical characteristics and serum resistin levels of the 104 patients with coronary artery disease.</p

Multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis of height, body weight, body mass index, triglyceride, HOMA-IR and FGIR: correlation to plasma Nt-proBNP levels among 49 congestive heart failure patients.

<p>HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; FGIR, fasting glucose to insulin ratio.</p>*<p><i>p</i><0.05 was considered statistically significant after multivariate stepwise linear regression analyses.</p

The association between plasma Nt-proBNP levels and NYHA functional capacity in the 49 CHF patients.

<p>Data was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (AVONA) test.</p

Correlation of plasma Nt-proBNP levels and clinical variables by univariable linear regression analyses among the 49 congestive heart failure patients.

<p>HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; CRP, C-reactive protein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of β cell function; FGIR, fasting glucose to insulin ratio.</p>*<p><i>p</i><0.05 was considered statistically significant after univariate linear analyses.</p

Clinical variables of the patients with or without congestive heart failure.

<p>CHF, congestive heart failure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; CRP, C-reactive protein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of β cell function; FGIR, fasting glucose to insulin ratio.</p>*<p><i>p</i><0.05 was considered statistically significant after performing the Student <i>t</i>-test or Mann-Whitney U test (Nt-proBNP, CRP, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, FGIR).</p