5,793 research outputs found
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A miRNA-HERC4 pathway promotes breast tumorigenesis by inactivating tumor suppressor LATS1.
The E3 ligase HERC4 is overexpressed in human breast cancer and its expression levels correlated with the prognosis of breast cancer patients. However, the roles of HERC4 in mammary tumorigenesis remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that the knockdown of HERC4 in human breast cancer cells dramatically suppressed their proliferation, survival, migration, and tumor growth in vivo, while the overexpression of HERC4 promoted their aggressive tumorigenic activities. HERC4 is a new E3 ligase for the tumor suppressor LATS1 and destabilizes LATS1 by promoting the ubiquitination of LATS1. miRNA-136-5p and miRNA-1285-5p, expression of which is decreased in human breast cancers and is inversely correlated with the prognosis of breast cancer patients, are directly involved in suppressing the expression of HERC4. In summary, we discover a miRNA-HERC4-LATS1 pathway that plays important roles in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and represents new therapeutic targets for human breast cancer
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Cytoprotective metal-organic frameworks for anaerobic bacteria.
We report a strategy to uniformly wrap Morella thermoacetica bacteria with a metal-organic framework (MOF) monolayer of nanometer thickness for cytoprotection in artificial photosynthesis. The catalytic activity of the MOF enclosure toward decomposition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduces the death of strictly anaerobic bacteria by fivefold in the presence of 21% O2, and enables the cytoprotected bacteria to continuously produce acetate from CO2 fixation under oxidative stress. The high definition of the MOF-bacteria interface involving direct bonding between phosphate units on the cell surface and zirconium clusters on MOF monolayer, provides for enhancement of life throughout reproduction. The dynamic nature of the MOF wrapping allows for cell elongation and separation, including spontaneous covering of the newly grown cell surface. The open-metal sites on the zirconium clusters lead to 600 times more efficient ROS decomposition compared with zirconia nanoparticles
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A regioselectivity switch in Pd-catalyzed hydroallylation of alkynes.
By exploiting the reactivity of a vinyl-Pd species, we control the regioselectivity in hydroallylation of alkynes under Pd-hydride catalysis. A monophosphine ligand and carboxylic acid combination promotes 1,5-dienes through a pathway involving isomerization of alkynes to allenes. In contrast, a bisphosphine ligand and copper cocatalyst favor 1,4-dienes via a mechanism that involves transmetalation. Our study highlights how to access different isomers by diverting a common organometallic intermediate
Multimodal Prototype-Enhanced Network for Few-Shot Action Recognition
Current methods for few-shot action recognition mainly fall into the metric
learning framework following ProtoNet. However, they either ignore the effect
of representative prototypes or fail to enhance the prototypes with multimodal
information adequately. In this work, we propose a novel Multimodal
Prototype-Enhanced Network (MORN) to use the semantic information of label
texts as multimodal information to enhance prototypes, including two modality
flows. A CLIP visual encoder is introduced in the visual flow, and visual
prototypes are computed by the Temporal-Relational CrossTransformer (TRX)
module. A frozen CLIP text encoder is introduced in the text flow, and a
semantic-enhanced module is used to enhance text features. After inflating,
text prototypes are obtained. The final multimodal prototypes are then computed
by a multimodal prototype-enhanced module. Besides, there exist no evaluation
metrics to evaluate the quality of prototypes. To the best of our knowledge, we
are the first to propose a prototype evaluation metric called Prototype
Similarity Difference (PRIDE), which is used to evaluate the performance of
prototypes in discriminating different categories. We conduct extensive
experiments on four popular datasets. MORN achieves state-of-the-art results on
HMDB51, UCF101, Kinetics and SSv2. MORN also performs well on PRIDE, and we
explore the correlation between PRIDE and accuracy
2-[(4-BromoÂphenylÂimino)ÂmethÂyl]-4,6-diÂiodoÂphenol
The title compound, C13H8BrI2NO, was prepared by the reaction of 3,5-diiodoÂsalicylÂaldehyde with 4-bromoÂphenylÂamine in ethanol. There is an intraÂmolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond in the molÂecule, which generates an S(6) ring. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 2.6 (3)°
2-[(2-ChloroÂphenÂyl)iminoÂmethÂyl]-4,6-diÂiodoÂphenol
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C13H8ClI2NO, contains half of the molÂecule situated on a mirror plane. The hyÂdroxy group is involved in the formation of an intraÂmolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. π–π interÂactions between the benzene rings of neighbouring molÂecules [centroid–centroid distance = 3.629 (3) Å] form stacks along the b axis. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Cl interÂactions are observed
Chaos-assisted two-octave-spanning microcombs
Since its invention, optical frequency comb has revolutionized a broad range of subjects from metrology to spectroscopy. The recent development of microresonator-based frequency combs (microcombs) provides a unique pathway to create frequency comb systems on a chip. Indeed, microcomb-based spectroscopy, ranging, optical synthesizer, telecommunications and astronomical calibrations have been reported recently. Critical to many of the integrated comb systems is the broad coverage of comb spectra. Here, microcombs of more than two-octave span (450 nm to 2,008 nm) is demonstrated through χ^((2)) and χ^((3)) nonlinearities in a deformed silica microcavity. The deformation lifts the circular symmetry and creates chaotic tunneling channels that enable broadband collection of intracavity emission with a single waveguide. Our demonstration introduces a new degree of freedom, cavity deformation, to the microcomb studies, and our microcomb spectral range is useful for applications in optical clock, astronomical calibration and biological imaging
Model-Driven Based Deep Unfolding Equalizer for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Communications
It is challenging to design an equalizer for the complex time-frequency
doubly-selective channel. In this paper, we employ the deep unfolding approach
to establish an equalizer for the underwater acoustic (UWA) orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, namely UDNet. Each layer of
UDNet is designed according to the classical minimum mean square error (MMSE)
equalizer. Moreover, we consider the QPSK equalization as a four-classification
task and adopt minimum Kullback-Leibler (KL) to achieve a smaller symbol error
rate (SER) with the one-hot coding instead of the MMSE criterion. In addition,
we introduce a sliding structure based on the banded approximation of the
channel matrix to reduce the network size and aid UDNet to perform well for
different-length signals without changing the network structure. Furthermore,
we apply the measured at-sea doubly-selective UWA channel and offshore
background noise to evaluate the proposed equalizer. Experimental results show
that the proposed UDNet performs better with low computational complexity.
Concretely, the SER of UDNet is nearly an order of magnitude lower than that of
MMSE
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