3,687 research outputs found
A multiwavelength study of massive star-forming region IRAS 22506+5944
We present a multi-line study of the massive star-forming region IRAS
22506+5944. A new 6.7 GHz methanol maser was detected. 12CO, 13CO, C18O and
HCO+ J = 1-0 transition observations reveal a star formation complex consisting
mainly of two cores. The dominant core has a mass of more than 200 solar mass,
while another one only about 35 solar mass. Both cores are obviously at
different evolutionary stages. A 12CO energetic bipolar outflow was detected
with an outflow mass of about 15 solar mass.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Privacy-Preserving Federated Deep Clustering based on GAN
Federated clustering (FC) is an essential extension of centralized clustering
designed for the federated setting, wherein the challenge lies in constructing
a global similarity measure without the need to share private data.
Conventional approaches to FC typically adopt extensions of centralized
methods, like K-means and fuzzy c-means. However, these methods are susceptible
to non-independent-and-identically-distributed (non-IID) data among clients,
leading to suboptimal performance, particularly with high-dimensional data. In
this paper, we present a novel approach to address these limitations by
proposing a Privacy-Preserving Federated Deep Clustering based on Generative
Adversarial Networks (GANs). Each client trains a local generative adversarial
network (GAN) locally and uploads the synthetic data to the server. The server
applies a deep clustering network on the synthetic data to establish
cluster centroids, which are then downloaded to the clients for cluster
assignment. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the GAN-generated samples,
shared among clients, inherently uphold certain privacy guarantees,
safeguarding the confidentiality of individual data. Furthermore, extensive
experimental evaluations showcase the effectiveness and utility of our proposed
method in achieving accurate and privacy-preserving federated clustering
Federated clustering with GAN-based data synthesis
Federated clustering (FC) is an extension of centralized clustering in
federated settings. The key here is how to construct a global similarity
measure without sharing private data, since the local similarity may be
insufficient to group local data correctly and the similarity of samples across
clients cannot be directly measured due to privacy constraints. Obviously, the
most straightforward way to analyze FC is to employ the methods extended from
centralized ones, such as K-means (KM) and fuzzy c-means (FCM). However, they
are vulnerable to non independent-and-identically-distributed (non-IID) data
among clients. To handle this, we propose a new federated clustering framework,
named synthetic data aided federated clustering (SDA-FC). It trains generative
adversarial network locally in each client and uploads the generated synthetic
data to the server, where KM or FCM is performed on the synthetic data. The
synthetic data can make the model immune to the non-IID problem and enable us
to capture the global similarity characteristics more effectively without
sharing private data. Comprehensive experiments reveals the advantages of
SDA-FC, including superior performance in addressing the non-IID problem and
the device failures
Conformal Radiotherapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Case Report
Background. Squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare disease with symptoms developing late in its course, so that it often presents as an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis.
Case report. We describe a 58-year-old male with a 5-week history of hypodynamia. He was found to have squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder with liver invasion and lymph node metastases. He underwent treatment with 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (CRT). A follow-up computer tomography (CT) scan showed complete tumor remission 2 months after the completion of CRT. The patient survived for 14 months after the end of treatment and died of multiple liver metastases.
Conclusion. The efficacy of radiotherapy in this case is encouraging and suggests a potential role for such therapy in similar cases. The benefit in terms of survival warrants further study
Anomalous Cooper pair interference on Bi2Te3 surface
It is believed that the edges of a chiral p-wave superconductor host Majorana
modes, relating to a mysterious type of fermions predicted seven decades ago.
Much attention has been paid to search for p-wave superconductivity in
solid-state systems, including recently those with strong spin-orbit coupling
(SOC). However, smoking-gun experiments are still awaited. In this work, we
have performed phase-sensitive measurements on particularly designed
superconducting quantum interference devices constructing on the surface of
topological insulators Bi2Te3, in such a way that a substantial portion of the
interference loop is built on the proximity-effect-induced superconducting
surface. Two types of Cooper interference patterns have been recognized at low
temperatures. One is s-wave like and is contributed by a zero-phase loop
inhabited in the bulk of Bi2Te3. The other, being identified to relate to the
surface states, is anomalous for that there is a phase shift between the
positive and negative bias current directions. The results support that the
Cooper pairs on the surface of Bi2Te3 have a 2\pi Berry phase which makes the
superconductivity p_x+ip_y-wave-like. Mesoscopic hybrid rings as constructed in
this experiment are presumably arbitrary-phase loops good for studying
topological quantum phenomena.Comment: supplementary material adde
Methodological reporting of randomized controlled trials in major hepato-gastroenterology journals in 2008 and 1998: a comparative study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>It was still unclear whether the methodological reporting quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in major hepato-gastroenterology journals improved after the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement was revised in 2001.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>RCTs in five major hepato-gastroenterology journals published in 1998 or 2008 were retrieved from MEDLINE using a high sensitivity search method and their reporting quality of methodological details were evaluated based on the CONSORT Statement and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of interventions. Changes of the methodological reporting quality between 2008 and 1998 were calculated by risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 107 RCTs published in 2008 and 99 RCTs published in 1998 were found. Compared to those in 1998, the proportion of RCTs that reported sequence generation (RR, 5.70; 95%CI 3.11-10.42), allocation concealment (RR, 4.08; 95%CI 2.25-7.39), sample size calculation (RR, 3.83; 95%CI 2.10-6.98), incomplete outecome data addressed (RR, 1.81; 95%CI, 1.03-3.17), intention-to-treat analyses (RR, 3.04; 95%CI 1.72-5.39) increased in 2008. Blinding and intent-to-treat analysis were reported better in multi-center trials than in single-center trials. The reporting of allocation concealment and blinding were better in industry-sponsored trials than in public-funded trials. Compared with historical studies, the methodological reporting quality improved with time.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although the reporting of several important methodological aspects improved in 2008 compared with those published in 1998, which may indicate the researchers had increased awareness of and compliance with the revised CONSORT statement, some items were still reported badly. There is much room for future improvement.</p
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