Definitions of caries experience based on age and DMFT (Decayed, Missing due to caries, Filled Teeth) scores used in the Filipino families.

a<p>DMFT cut-offs were modified from the World Health Organization (World Health Organization, 2003),</p>b<p>Standard deviation.</p

Previously reported associations between enamel formation genes and caries susceptibility.

*<p>In the presence of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.</p>#<p>Only is less severely affected cases.</p

Correlations of enamel microhardness values in the several experimental points.

<p>Statistically significant correlations are presented in bold font.</p

Demographics and caries experience of the replication study populations.

a<p>Decayed, Missing due to caries, Filled Teeth.</p>b<p>Standard deviation.</p>c<p>High and low caries experience was defined based on criteria 1 on <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0045022#pone-0045022-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

Single marker association results for enamel microhardness.

<p>p-values <0.05 are presented in bold font.</p>*<p>Samples from buccal and lingual surfafes were analyzed together.</p><p>Artificial Caries/Baseline; The ratio of change for microhardness after creation of artificial caries.</p><p>Fluoride/Artificial Caries; The ratio of change for microhardness after fluoride treatment.</p><p>pH-cycling/Fluoride; The ratio of change for microhardness after pH-cycling treatment.</p

Family-based association test results for caries experience in Filipino familes.

<p>Statistically significant p-values (p<0.05) are presented in bold font.</p

Association results for caries experience in Filipinos and in the replication sample sets.

<p>P-values <0.05 are presented in bold font.</p

<i>AQP5</i> expression in whole saliva based on caries experience in teenagers (above) and adults (below).

<p>The expression is higher when individuals have lower caries experience. The increased expression in adults classified as high caries experience likely corresponds to lack of caries activity as assessed by the increased number of missing teeth rather that active decayed teeth. Caries experience was defined as “Very Low,” “Low,” “Moderate,” and “High” according to our previous work [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0143068#pone.0143068.ref017" target="_blank">17</a>]. These discreet groups include caries experience levels taking into consideration ages, since DMFT scores tend to increase in individuals as they get older.</p

Linkage disequilibrium plot illustrating the aquaporin locus on 12q13 region investigated.

<p>The single nucleotide polymorphisms are located in their approximate geographic positions in the chromosome and are distributed among the three genes. The relationship between two SNPs is represented by the intersection between the two squares and may present different colors (or color intensity) based on the value obtained for each pair. Red indicates D’ = 1 and LOD ≥ 2. Blue indicates D’ = 1 and LOD < 2. Shades of red/pink indicate D’< 1 and LOD ≥ 2. White indicates D’< 1 and LOD < 2. Markers selected for this studied include rs457487, rs467323, rs10875989, rs2878771, rs3759129, rs296759, rs296763, and rs1996315.</p

Summary of all individuals analyzed in tests of association, gene expression, and enamel microhardness, and their genotypes^*.

<p>^a Decayed, Missing due to caries, Filled Teeth</p><p>^b Standard Deviation</p><p>* Totals may not match with sample sizes due to PCR failure.</p><p>Summary of all individuals analyzed in tests of association, gene expression, and enamel microhardness, and their genotypes^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0143068#t001fn003" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p