Experimental design diagram.

<p>Experimental design diagram.</p

Main statistical results corresponding to glial markers (protein levels).

<p>Main significant results extracted from the three-way ANOVA. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137283#sec002" target="_blank">material and methods</a> section for details.</p><p>Main statistical results corresponding to glial markers (protein levels).</p

Main statistical results corresponding to mRNA levels.

<p>Main significant results extracted from the three-way ANOVA. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137283#sec002" target="_blank">material and methods</a> section for details.</p><p>Main statistical results corresponding to mRNA levels.</p

Main statistical results corresponding to synaptic plasticity markers (protein levels).

<p>Main significant results extracted from the three-way ANOVA. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137283#sec002" target="_blank">material and methods</a> section for details.</p><p>Main statistical results corresponding to synaptic plasticity markers (protein levels).</p

Hypothalamic mRNA levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY; A & B), Agouti related peptide (AgRP; C & D), proopiomelanocortin (POMC; E & F) and cocaine- and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART; G & H) in male (left column) and female (right column) rats.

<p>CtCD: controls on a control diet; CtHF: controls on a high fat diet from weaning onward; MDCD: maternally deprived rats on a control diet; MDHF: maternally deprived rats on a HFD from weaning onward. *  =  ANOVA p<0.05, NS  =  not significant.</p

Serum levels of glucose (n = 10), insulin (n = 5), triglycerides (n = 11–12) and leptin (n = 12) at 35, 45, 65 and 85 days of age.

<p>CtCD: controls on a control diet; CtHF: controls on a high fat diet from weaning onward; MDCD: maternally deprived rats on a control diet; MDHF: maternally deprived rats on a HFD from weaning onward. a: different from CtCD of same sex; b: different from MDCD of same sex; c: different from CtHF of same sex; d: different from males of same treatment.</p

Main statistical results corresponding to behavioral tests.

<p>Main significant results extracted from the three-way ANCOVA (litter was considered as a covariate factor). See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0137283#sec002" target="_blank">material and methods</a> section for details.</p><p>Main statistical results corresponding to behavioral tests.</p

Novel object test (NOT).

<p>(A)Discrimination index (DI) and (B) time spent in exploration of the object during the 30 second training session of maternally deprived (MD) or control (Co) male and female rats treated with leptin (Lept) or vehicle (Vh) from postnatal day (PND) 9 until PND13 (n = 8–12).</p

Hypothalamic mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-1β (A & B), IL-6 (C & D), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (E & F), and silencer of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3; G & H) in male (left column) and female (right column) rats.

<p>CtCD: controls on a control diet; CtHF: controls on a high fat diet from weaning onward; MDCD: maternally deprived rats on a control diet; MDHF: maternally deprived rats on a HFD from weaning onward. *  =  ANOVA p<0.05, NS  =  not significant.</p

Protein levels in the hippocampus (left column) and frontal cortex (right column) of NeuN (A & B), synaptophysin (C & D), PSD95 (E & F), NCAM (G & H) and CB1 receptor (I & J) in maternally deprived (MD) or control (Co) male and female rats treated with leptin (Lept) or vehicle (Vh) from postnatal day (PND) 9 until PND13 (n = 5–6).

<p>Representative western blotting immunoassays of each protein from tissue homogenates of each brain area are presented above each histogram. Post hoc test: *<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.005.</p