Globalization of Human Rights Law

Speech given at Session 4: The Legal Profession and Human Rights. Jerome Shestack explains what is intended by “globalization” of human rights. The term embraces more than the standards themselves and includes the process by which human rights implementation takes place on a global level, the range of those who advocate international human rights, the potential for a meaningful international human rights judicial system, and the role of human rights in the calculus of international relations. He article touches on all of these areas

Politics and contemporary poetry

The paper is a Meditation (variant on the manner of Aurelius and Descartes) concerning the immediate situation, in the United States, of poetry as a discourse of political engagement. As such, the paper is a highly personal one. It means to offer an account of the peculiar limits within which contemporary poetry in the United States is forced to get carried on, as well as an explanation of the context in which those limits were defined. It also suggests possible ways to exploit the special resources of contemporary poetry (formally and socially conceived) for political discourse and social critique. The paper is most centrally concerned to illuminate the special kinds of critical reflection which contemporary poetry, by virtue of its marginal position, makes available. The paper's two main sections involve the author's own reflexive analysis of his encounters with certain texts by Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Theodor Adorno, and Carolyn Forche

"Improving Irish Bus Markets: But not by Competition Alone"

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Measures of tuna abundance from purse-seine operations in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, adjusted for fleet-wide evolution of increased fishing power, 1960-1971

ENGLISH: The fishing power of the tuna purse-seine fleet of the eastern Pacific Ocean has increased since the early 1960's. Because the entire fleet seems to have adopted equipment and techniques to increase its efficiency in capturing tunas, traditional methods of adjusting catch rates to a reference vessel type of fixed efficiency to index tuna abundance from fishing success are inapplicable. Instead, a methodology for such adjustment based on a mathematical representation of purse seining activities is developed. Observed changes in efficiency in subprocesses of purse seining are then used to adjust catch rates when computing abundance histories for yellowfin and skipjack in large regions of the eastern Pacific Ocean. SPANISH: La eficacia de pesca de la flota de cerco atunera en el Océano Pacífico oriental ha aumentado desde el comienzo del decenio de 1960. Como toda la flota parece haber adoptado equipo y métodos para incrementar su eficaciaen capturar atunes, no se pueden aplicar los métodos tradicionales de ajustar los índices de captura a un tipo normalizado de barco (es decir de eficacia fija) para indicar la abundancia del atún según los resultados de pesca. En su lugar se ha desarrollado un método para realizar tal ajuste basado en una representación matemática de las actividades de las embarcaciones de cerco. Cuando se calcula la abundancia histórica del atún aleta amarilla y barrilete en grandes regiones del Océano Pacífico oriental, se usan entonces los cambios observados en la eficacia de los subprocesos cerqueros para ajustar los índices de captura. (PDF contains 120 pages.

Drift and its mediation in terrestrial orbits

The slow deformation of terrestrial orbits in the medium range, subject to lunisolar resonances, is well approximated by a family of Hamiltonian flow with $2.5$ degree-of-freedom. The action variables of the system may experience chaotic variations and large drift that we may quantify. Using variational chaos indicators, we compute high-resolution portraits of the action space. Such refined meshes allow to reveal the existence of tori and structures filling chaotic regions. Our elaborate computations allow us to isolate precise initial conditions near specific zones of interest and study their asymptotic behaviour in time. Borrowing classical techniques of phase- space visualisation, we highlight how the drift is mediated by the complement of the numerically detected KAM tori.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, 52 references. Comments and feedbacks greatly appreciated. This article is part of the Research Topic `The Earth-Moon System as a Dynamical Laboratory', confer https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/5819/the-earth-moon-system-as-a-dynamical-laborator

A note on Stokes' problem in dense granular media using the μ(I)\mu(I)--rheology

The classical Stokes' problem describing the fluid motion due to a steadily moving infinite wall is revisited in the context of dense granular flows of mono-dispersed beads using the recently proposed $\mu(I)$--rheology. In Newtonian fluids, molecular diffusion brings about a self-similar velocity profile and the boundary layer in which the fluid motion takes place increases indefinitely with time $t$ as $\sqrt{\nu t}$, where $\nu$ is the kinematic viscosity. For a dense granular visco-plastic liquid, it is shown that the local shear stress, when properly rescaled, exhibits self-similar behaviour at short-time scales and it then rapidly evolves towards a steady-state solution. The resulting shear layer increases in thickness as $\sqrt{\nu_g t}$ analogous to a Newtonian fluid where $\nu_g$ is an equivalent granular kinematic viscosity depending not only on the intrinsic properties of the granular media such as grain diameter $d$, density $\rho$ and friction coefficients but also on the applied pressure $p_w$ at the moving wall and the solid fraction $\phi$ (constant). In addition, the $\mu(I)$--rheology indicates that this growth continues until reaching the steady-state boundary layer thickness $\delta_s = \beta_w (p_w/\phi \rho g )$, independent of the grain size, at about a finite time proportional to $\beta_w^2 (p_w/\rho g d)^{3/2} \sqrt{d/g}$, where $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity and $\beta_w = (\tau_w - \tau_s)/\tau_s$ is the relative surplus of the steady-state wall shear-stress $\tau_w$ over the critical wall shear stress $\tau_s$ (yield stress) that is needed to bring the granular media into motion... (see article for a complete abstract).Comment: in press (Journal of Fluid Mechanics