Supplementary Material, MH_Validity_Zambia_for_Assessment_Supplemental – Measuring Symptoms of Psychopathology in Zambian Orphans and Vulnerable Children: Scale Validation and Psychometric Evaluation

<p>Supplementary Material, MH_Validity_Zambia_for_Assessment_Supplemental for Measuring Symptoms of Psychopathology in Zambian Orphans and Vulnerable Children: Scale Validation and Psychometric Evaluation by Sarah McIvor Murray, Paul Bolton, Jeremy C. Kane, Daniel P. Lakin, Stephanie Skavenski Van Wyk, Ravi Paul, and Laura K. Murray in Assessment</p

The Shame Questionnaire Items and Exploratory Factor Analysis Varimax Rotated Factor Matrix of Shame Questionnaire.

<p>Bold indicates factor loading > .40. Parentheses indicates sub-analyses of factor loadings for girls who endorsed sexual abuse, factor loadings for girls who did not endorse sexual abuse.</p><p>*Factor loadings for girls who did not endorse sexual abuse are only listed in factor 1.</p><p>The Shame Questionnaire Items and Exploratory Factor Analysis Varimax Rotated Factor Matrix of Shame Questionnaire.</p

Sub-Analysis: Multidimensional Rating Scale Model with Unstandardized Parameters for Girls who Endorsed Sexual Abuse vs. Unidimensional Rating Scale Model with Unstandardized parameters for Girls who Did Not Endorse Sexual Abuse.

<p>Sub-Analysis: Multidimensional Rating Scale Model with Unstandardized Parameters for Girls who Endorsed Sexual Abuse vs. Unidimensional Rating Scale Model with Unstandardized parameters for Girls who Did Not Endorse Sexual Abuse.</p

Female Child Participant Demographics and Scale Scores (n = 325).

<p>Variable codes for trauma event types: Experiencing physical assault or violence-P; Experiencing sexual assault or violence-S; Witnessing physical assault or violence- W.</p><p>Female Child Participant Demographics and Scale Scores (n = 325).</p

Evaluation of Criterion Validity: Analysis of Variance Comparing the Shame Questionnaire Score Between Number of Traumatic Event Types.

<p>Evaluation of Criterion Validity: Analysis of Variance Comparing the Shame Questionnaire Score Between Number of Traumatic Event Types.</p

Inclusion criteria.

<p>Inclusion criteria.</p

Results of summary measures for strength of causal inference and language.

<p>Language for categories of strength of causal inference has been lightly edited for this publication to better reflect the instructions given to the reviewers and for consistency with the rest of the manuscript. Reviewers were instructed to consider only the causal inference aspect of the study for these measures. The original language referred to the “study” and “results,” which has been edited in the figure to “causal inference” where appropriate for clarity. The original language and instructions are available in the attached review tool and on <a href="http://metacausal.com" target="_blank">metacausal.com</a>.</p

Academic article descriptive statistics.

<p>Academic article descriptive statistics.</p

Strength of causal inference vs. strength of causal language in academic and media articles.

<p>The upper charts represent an assumed set of theoretically preferred regions, where we would prefer studies of the form exposure vs. outcome which reach the public to have language matching the strength of causal inference, a slight preference towards stronger causal inference, media language matching the academic language, and a preference for understated vs. overstated strength of causal language. The lower charts represent the empirical results of the study, where darker regions have more articles. The raw number of articles in each box is available in supplemental <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0196346#pone.0196346.s006" target="_blank">S4 Table</a>.</p

Summary of severity of issues in causal estimate in academic article by category.

<p>Summary of severity of issues in causal estimate in academic article by category.</p