Achene surface features in Potentilla subarenaria Borbás ex Zimmeter and P. intermedia L. non Wahlenb. (Rosaceae)

Achenes morphology in Potentilla L., i.e. P. subarenaria Borbás ex Zimmeter and P. intermedia L. nonWahlenb. was examined with stereoscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Achenes of these taxa varied in shape, size, colour, the surface sculpture and in the dimensions of dorsal ridge and ribs. SEM analyses allowed distinguishing two morphological types of seed coats pattern: ruminate-reticulate sculpture due to well preserved epidermal cells in P. subarenaria and tuberculate sculpture in P. intermedia. The main taxonomic features of these two taxa are: the microstructure, size, shape and colour of achenes

Achene surface features in Potentilla subarenaria Borbás ex Zimmeter and P. intermedia L. non Wahlenb. (Rosaceae)

Achenes morphology in Potentilla L., i.e. P. subarenaria Borbás ex Zimmeter and P. intermedia L. nonWahlenb. was examined with stereoscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Achenes of these taxa varied in shape, size, colour, the surface sculpture and in the dimensions of dorsal ridge and ribs. SEM analyses allowed distinguishing two morphological types of seed coats pattern: ruminate-reticulate sculpture due to well preserved epidermal cells in P. subarenaria and tuberculate sculpture in P. intermedia. The main taxonomic features of these two taxa are: the microstructure, size, shape and colour of achenes

Potentilla x aurulenta Gremli (Rosaceae), a nothospecies new to Poland

Potentilla x aurulenta Gremli (= P. heptaphylla L. x P. tabernaemontani Aschers.) is reported for the first time from Poland. The morphological characteristics, ecological requirements, and distribution of the nothospecies are presented together with photographic documentation

Palynological study of Polish taxa of Potentilla subsect. Collinae (Rosaceae)

Pollen grains of Potentilla subsect. Collinae Juz., i.e. P. collina Wibel, P. leucopolitana P.J. Müller, P. thyrsiflora Zimmeter, P. silesiaca Uechtr. and P. wimannania Günther et Schummel were studied with light and scanning electron microscope. Both viable and sterile pollen appeared in all taxa examined. The number of viable pollen ranged from 45.86% in P. leucopolitana to 59.95% in P. wimannania. The shape of pollen grains varies from prolate (dominating in all taxa studied except P. collina) to prolate-spheroidal. A size-diameter of the polar and equatorial axis of 18.3–22.9 11.9–17.5 mm was typical of P. collina and P. leucopolitana; and larger diameter of 23.1–30.6 15.8–22.4 mm of P. thyrsiflora, P. silesiaca and P. wimannania. The pollen is tricolporate with slightly striate ornamentation. Surface sculpture is not a good criterion to identify particular taxa from Potentilla subsect. Collinae. Except for P. leucopolitana, the pollen of which is characterized by much more marked striation, the pollen ornamentation was similar in all the specimens. Other characters such as the shape of style, the sepal to petal length ratio, the type of leaf division, the leaf pubescence of leaves as well as the sculpture of the fruitmay be valuable taxonomical criteria

Multilocus genomic associations among selected taxa of genus Potentilla (Rosaceae) in Poland using RAPD analysis

Nine taxa of Potentilla species from Poland representing P. sect. Terminales (Dõll.) Gren et Godr. and P. sect. Aureae (Wolf) Juz. were analyzed via a series of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses to test (1) the hypothesis that the six species representing P. subsect. Collinae Juz. of the P. Terminales sect., i.e. P. collina Wibel, P. thyrsiflora Zimmeter, P. wimannania Günther et Schummel, P. leucopolitana P. J. Müll., P. ´gabarae Kolodziejek, P. koernickei Zimmeter, are genetically differentiated enough to be considered as separate taxa, and (2) the position of populations of P. thyrsiflora and P. collina with respect to the Terminales sect. (P. argentea L) and the Aureae sect. (P. tabernaemontani Ascherson and P. incana P. Gaertner, B.Meyer et Scherb.). RAPD-based genetic similarity values using the UPGMAmethod and corresponding dendrogram exhibited incomplete accordance between RAPD and morphological variations. According to \u27overgenomic\u27 associations based on a series of genomic loci selected at random, P. thyrsiflora and P. collina are closely related and similarly related to the species: P. argentea, P. tabernaemontani and P. incana hypothesized as being \u27parental\u27. Within Terminales sect., our dendrogram shows P. argentea to be relatively isolated from the other members of the section analysed, P. thyrsiflora and P. collina

Seasonal leaf dimorphism in Potentilla argentea L. var. tenuiloba (Jord.) Sw. (Rosaceae)

A pattern of seasonal changes in the morphological and anatomical leaf traits is reported for Potentilla argentea L. var. tenuiloba (Jord.) Sw. of temperate-climate areas in central Poland. Leaf area, perimeter, dry mass and lamina thickness were measured in summer and autumn leaves of the same individuals. Dissection index, density and specific leaf area were calculated. Significant differences were obtained between summer and autumn leaves obtained from the same individuals. The shapes of leaves of the P. argentea plants varied in the extent of incisions between teeth and the number of teeth on the margins. Fully expanded autumn leaves were larger in weight and area than summer leaves. The autumn leaves had lower leaf mass area and density than the summer leaves. Leaves were covered by considerably more trichomes in summer than in autumn. Anatomical leaf structure also changed with the season. The summer leaves were thick, with a lower number of chloroplasts in the cells of the compact mesophyll. Autumn leaves are thinner, with loose mesophyll. Chloroplasts from the two seasonal types of leaves differ on account of starch grain and plastoglobule content. The large variations in leaf density and thickness recorded here confirm great differences in cell size and amounts of structural tissue within species. Seasonal dimorphism of leaves may result from seasonal drought or from seasonality in leaf production, leaf fall or incoming solar radiation. Within this new context of seasonal leaf dimorphism, P. argentea can still be distinguished by the absence of deeply divided leaflets on late-formed leaves. The results confirmed the presence of several morpho-anatomical leaf traits of P. argentea that allow the species to adapt to environmental seasonal conditions

Multilocus genomic associations among selected taxa of genus Potentilla (Rosaceae) in Poland using RAPD analysis

Nine taxa of Potentilla species from Poland representing P. sect. Terminales (Dõll.) Gren et Godr. and P. sect. Aureae (Wolf) Juz. were analyzed via a series of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses to test (1) the hypothesis that the six species representing P. subsect. Collinae Juz. of the P. Terminales sect., i.e. P. collina Wibel, P. thyrsiflora Zimmeter, P. wimannania Günther et Schummel, P. leucopolitana P. J. Müll., P. ´gabarae Kolodziejek, P. koernickei Zimmeter, are genetically differentiated enough to be considered as separate taxa, and (2) the position of populations of P. thyrsiflora and P. collina with respect to the Terminales sect. (P. argentea L) and the Aureae sect. (P. tabernaemontani Ascherson and P. incana P. Gaertner, B.Meyer et Scherb.). RAPD-based genetic similarity values using the UPGMAmethod and corresponding dendrogram exhibited incomplete accordance between RAPD and morphological variations. According to \u27overgenomic\u27 associations based on a series of genomic loci selected at random, P. thyrsiflora and P. collina are closely related and similarly related to the species: P. argentea, P. tabernaemontani and P. incana hypothesized as being \u27parental\u27. Within Terminales sect., our dendrogram shows P. argentea to be relatively isolated from the other members of the section analysed, P. thyrsiflora and P. collina

Palynological study of Polish taxa of Potentilla subsect. Collinae (Rosaceae)

Pollen grains of Potentilla subsect. Collinae Juz., i.e. P. collina Wibel, P. leucopolitana P.J. Müller, P. thyrsiflora Zimmeter, P. silesiaca Uechtr. and P. wimannania Günther et Schummel were studied with light and scanning electron microscope. Both viable and sterile pollen appeared in all taxa examined. The number of viable pollen ranged from 45.86% in P. leucopolitana to 59.95% in P. wimannania. The shape of pollen grains varies from prolate (dominating in all taxa studied except P. collina) to prolate-spheroidal. A size-diameter of the polar and equatorial axis of 18.3–22.9 11.9–17.5 mm was typical of P. collina and P. leucopolitana; and larger diameter of 23.1–30.6 15.8–22.4 mm of P. thyrsiflora, P. silesiaca and P. wimannania. The pollen is tricolporate with slightly striate ornamentation. Surface sculpture is not a good criterion to identify particular taxa from Potentilla subsect. Collinae. Except for P. leucopolitana, the pollen of which is characterized by much more marked striation, the pollen ornamentation was similar in all the specimens. Other characters such as the shape of style, the sepal to petal length ratio, the type of leaf division, the leaf pubescence of leaves as well as the sculpture of the fruitmay be valuable taxonomical criteria