Hyun Jaemyeong’s Opera Chunhyang-Jeon: Ancient Traditions and Western Perspectives

abstract: ABSTRACT Korea’s first opera Chunhyang Jeon was composed by Jaemyeong Hyun in 1948. Until that time, most Korean vocal music was sung by a few native traditional artists. Inspired by their work, composer Hyun combined elements from the ancient Pansori (epic poetic forms presented by a solo singer with drum) and Western music techniques to create his opera. Hyun also used the more vernacular Hangeul (Korean alphabet) for his libretto rather than the Chinese usually heard in Korean theatrical presentations. It might be noted that in that same year (1948), the first Western opera: Verdi’s La Traviata was performed in Seoul. This study concerns the bringing together of Korean traditional idioms (in Pansori) and Western musical ideas (harmony, orchestration, etc.) to create what is now known as Chunhyang-jeon Opera. In this regard, the author will present a brief split-analysis of the older style and the more modern musical attributes of the combined style of traditional Korean music and European style opera. It is hoped that this study might provide the basis for a future opera course and guide for both disciplines. This study will also show that the Pansori and its subsequent operatic treatment has historical, social and artistic elements. Some similarities and differences of both forms were noted here with regard to cultural sensitivities. While Chunhyang-ga (older form) and Chunhyang-jeon (Hyun’s modern adaptation) have some musical similarities, the latter was not composed based on the former. Chunhyang-ga consists mainly of compound meter (6/8, 9/8, 12/8, 24/8), which is at the heart of Korean traditional music, while Chunhyang-jeon uses simple meter (2/4, 3/4, 4/4). Identical words are not often used in the two works, but their libretti are of much significance. Chunhyang-ga had been traditionally handed down with Chinese characters, whereas Chunhyang-jeon constituted its libretto with more modern Korean words which were easily understood by the audience. Pansori have been sung with traditional singing techniques, which demonstrate the flow of the melodic line found in the images of the words (as interpreted and improvised by the solo performer), while in opera, vocal music is primarily from a set of melodic and harmonic techniques.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation Music 201

Hispanic Hallyu: Comparing Boys Over Flowers Directed By Jeon Ki-Sang With Latino Telenovelas

The term hallyu, meaning Korean wave, was originally coined in the 1990s to describe the proliferation of South Korean popular culture throughout the world. This project focuses specifically on Hispanic populations within North and South America where--despite lack of geographical or cultural proximity to South Korea--Korean movies, dramas, and music have obtained widespread popularity. With respect to K-dramas, this project juxtaposes thematic elements between the K-drama Boys over Flowers directed by Jeon Ki-Sang and Latino telenovelas to determine if K-drama popularity can be ascribed to similarities in motifs between K-dramas and telenovelas

Peritoneal dialysis vs. hemodialysis: The choice of modality of dialysis may drastically affect the quality of life of patients initiating dialysis

A clinical decision report using Jung HY, Jeon Y, Park Y, et al. Better Quality of Life of Peritoneal Dialysis compared to Hemodialysis over a Two-year Period after Dialysis Initiation. Sci Rep. Jul 16 2019;9(1):10266. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46744-1 for a young patient initiating dialysis

Radiative and Collisional Jet Energy Loss in a Quark-Gluon Plasma

We calculate radiative and collisional energy loss of hard partons traversing the quark-gluon plasma created at RHIC and compare the respective size of these contributions. We employ the AMY formalism for radiative energy loss and include additionally energy loss by elastic collisions. Our treatment of both processes is complete at leading order in the coupling, and accounts for the probabilistic nature of jet energy loss. We find that a solution of the Fokker-Planck equation for the probability density distributions of partons is necessary for a complete calculation of the nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}$ for pion production in heavy ion collisions. It is found that the magnitude of $R_{AA}$ is sensitive to the inclusion of both collisional and radiative energy loss, while the average energy is less affected by the addition of collisional contributions. We present a calculation of $R_{AA}$ for $\pi^0$ at RHIC, combining our energy loss formalism with a relativistic (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic description of the thermalized medium.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, contributed to Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur, Indi

1990년대 고난의 행군기 북한의 정치담론 분석

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :국제대학원 국제학과(국제협력전공),2019. 8. 이근.1990년대의 정치 및 경제 위기는 북한정권의 탄력성에 대해 선전 전략의 변화를 요구하는 과제를 제시해왔다. 북한정권은 첫 지도자 지위 계승에서 오는 정치적 어려움과 자연재해 및 변환하는 국제정세에서 비롯된 경제위기를 극복하기 위해서 항일무장투쟁시기 고난의 행군의 기억을 소환하여 새로운 정치담론을 생성하였다. 이렇게 생성된 새로운 정치담론이 과거의 기억을 효율적으로 호출하기 위해서는 역사적 사실에 근거해야 하며 기존 정치담론의 구조를 어느 정도 표방해야 한다. 본 논문은 지도자의 연설문, 신문, 영화, 음악 등 북한의 다양한 선전물을 분석하여 선동전략에서 북한 정권 탄력성의 근원을 찾고자 한다. 본 논문은 연구는 우선 적의 형성 및 비판, 항일투쟁역사의 소환, 공감 유발, 자기 희생으로의 유인 이라는 북한 정치담론의 기본 구조를 파악하였다. 나아가 1990년대 경제위기의 정치담론과 현재 세습제도를 정당화 시키는 유일사상체제를 완성한 1970년대의 정치담론을 해당 구조를 기반으로 비교한다. 비교분석을 통해서 정당성을 보장하기 위해 정치담론의 구조는 변화하지 않았으나 내용은 시기의 국내외적 요구에 따라 변화한 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 1990년대 경제위기의 정치담론이 북한에서 신화로 굳어버린 항일투쟁시기 고난의 행군의 역사에 크게 의존하여 마르크스-레닌주의에서 비롯된 기존 사회주의사상에 변화를 주어 세습정치의 정당성을 확보했던 것으로 보인다. 또한, 당시 선동전략은 역사에 대한 공통된 기억을 형성하여 사회에 연대감을 강화시켰던 것으로 보인다. 북한정권은 경제위기를 극복하였고 사상과 군사의 강성대국을 이룩했다고 주장했다. 그리고 최근 북한정권은 경제분야에서도 강성대국의 꿈을 이루겠다는 목표를 강조해왔다. 하지만 현실에서의 북한은 경제강국의 건설이라는 목표에서 거리가 멀어 보인다. 과거 정치담론에서 오는 제약 또한 북한정권의 경제목표를 달성하는 데에 방해요소로 작용되는 것으로 보인다.For North Koreas regime resilience, the political and economic crisis in the 1990s presented challenges which required a change in its propaganda strategy. In order to overcome the political challenge of power transfer and the economic difficulties caused by natural disasters and changing international order, the North Korean regime has revived the memory of the Arduous March during the Japanese colonial period in its propaganda. For the new discourse to legitimately invoke the past memories, the discourse has to be grounded upon historical facts as well as a constant structure of previous discourses for continuity. Through analyzing the propaganda works of public speeches, newspapers, movies and music, the paper attempts to find the source of the North Koreas regime resilience in the mobilization strategy. The paper first identified the continuous structure of constructing and criticizing state enemies, recalling the memory of anti-Japanese struggle, eliciting empathy, and inducing self-sacrifice of the people. Then, the contents of the propaganda during the economic difficulties of 1990s are compared to the propaganda used during the 1970s to justify the monolithic ideology of Kim Il-sung which allowed the family dictatorship to exist. Though, the structure of propaganda has remained unchanged for legitimacy, the contents have changed to meet the demand of the external and internal changes. The discourse formed during the economic crisis relied heavily on the apocryphal fable of the Arduous March during the Japanese colonial period to justify the new ruling principles detached from the traditional Marxism–Leninism and to legitimize the ruling Kim family. The mobilization strategy also aimed at strengthening the social solidarity through creating a shared memory of the history. The North Korean regime has claimed that it has overcome the economic crisis and has achieved the goal of creating a strong military and ideological state. And, the regime has emphasized that economic development will be accomplished soon. However, the current situation of North Korea is quite distant from its presented goal of economic power. Limitations stemming from the previous discourses have also provided obstacles for the regime to make policy decisions toward economic development.Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Motive 3 1.2 Structure 7 2. Literature Review & Research Question 9 2.1 Regime Resilience 9 2.2 Propaganda 10 2.3 Economic Difficulties in the 1990s 13 2.4 Research Question 15 3. Research Design 18 3.1 Research Question 15 3.2 Research Question 15 3.3 Research Question 15 4. Political Discourse Analysis 20 4.1 Legitimizing Kim Il-sungs Monolithic Ideology 26 4.1.1 Criticism to Claim Superiority 27 4.1.2 Recalling the Memory: Making Legend of Kim Il-Sung 29 4.1.3 Eliciting Empathy: Large Family and Orphans 31 4.1.4 Inducing Self-Sacrifice: Partisan Spirit 33 4.2 Kim Jong-ils Response to Crisis 33 4.2.1 Criticism to Identify Scapegoat 43 4.2.2 Recalling the Memory: Kim Il-sung, Kim Jong-il and Mt. Paektu 34 4.2.3 Eliciting Empathy: Innate Good and Maternal Affection 3 4.2.4 Inducing Self-Sacrifice: One for All 42 5. Policy Implementation of the Discourse to Three Major Strongholds 46 5.1 Social Policy: Songun Policy 49 5.2 Economic Policy: System of Economic Regional Self-Sufficiency 53 5.3 Defense & Foreign Policy: Anti-America/Imperialist Stance and Self-Reliance 56 6. Conclusion 59 6.1 Impact of the Arduous March 60 6.2 Implications 61 References Abstract (Korean)Maste