Effect of 17 α -methyl testosterone on sex reversal and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L., 1758)

The present study aims at developing a production of monosex population of all male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT). Three treatments with a control (Control, T-1, T-2, and T-3) in triplicates were set up using completely randomized design (CRD). The control group diet was devoid of 17α–MT. The remaining groups T-1, T-2, T-3 and T-4 were fed with feed containing 50, 60 and 100 mg kg-1 of 17α –MT. Three days old fry were stocked at the rate of 300 nos per tank. The fry were fed with experimental diet for 21 days. After that it was shifted to FRP tanks. The maximum mean length and body weight was observed in T-2 is 80 ± 3.87 mm and 59.5 ± 7.4 mm respectively. Gonadal histology from 3 months reared O. niloticus for sex reversal was observed that 56.7 %, 83.3 %, 93.3 % and 90 % males respectively. The highest male population of 93.3% males was produced from treated groups of (T-2) 60 mg kg-1 17 α-MT

MBA-LF: A NEW DATA CLUSTERING METHOD USING MODIFIED BAT ALGORITHM AND LEVY FLIGHT

Data clustering plays an important role in partitioning the large set of data objects into known/unknown number of groups or clusters so that the objects in each cluster are having high degree of similarity while objects in different clusters are dissimilar to each other. Recently a number of data clustering methods are explored by using traditional methods as well as nature inspired swarm intelligence algorithms. In this paper, a new data clustering method using modified bat algorithm is presented. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is suitable for data clustering in an efficient and robust way

Effectiveness of virtual reality distraction on pain perception and fear among children with cancer undergoing IV cannulation

Background: Cancer children are subjected to multiple cannulations during hospitalization. Pain and fear are most common during invasive procedures that are performed, especially IV cannulation, which can lead to worry. Exactly 25% of children are reported to have a fear of needle-related procedures. To examine the impact of virtual reality (VR) distraction on pain perception and fear in children with cancer undergoing IV cannulation. Materials and Methods: Using a quasi-experimental design, 80 cancer children with IV cannulation between ages 7–18 were recruited to the intervention and control group (N = 40 + 40) using the purposive sampling technique. The virtual reality distraction device was used 10 min before the peripheral IV cannulation procedure and remained in place until the procedure was completed in the intervention group, and no device was used in the control group. Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and Children's Fear Scale were used to assess the pain and fear of children and their mothers. Result: Pain perception was found to be significantly lower in the VR distraction group among both children and mothers (1.82 ± 0.18, 8.01 ± 3.21) 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.82, 2.16] compared to the control group, respectively (P = 0.001**). Fear was found to be significantly lower in the VR distraction group among both children and mothers (0.81 ± 0.71, 3.01 ± 1.42) 95% CI [0.46, 0.91]. A strong positive correlation was found between children's and mothers' pain perception (r = 0.91, P = 0.001**) and fear (r = 0.84, P = 0.001**). Conclusion: VR distraction can be used as an effective device in pain and fear management among children undergoing IV cannulation