Population and labour force projections for 27 European countries, 2002-052: impact of international migration on population ageing: Projections de population et de population active pour 27 pays européens 2002-052: impact de la migration internationale sur le vieillissement de la population

Population and labour force projections are made for 27 selected European countries for 2002-052, focussing on the impact of international migration on population and labour force dynamics. Starting from single scenarios for fertility, mortality and economic activity, three sets of assumptions are explored regarding migration flows, taking into account probable policy developments in Europe following the enlargement of the EU. In addition to age structures, various support ratio indicators are analysed. The results indicate that plausible immigration cannot offset the negative effects of population and labour force ageing

Rural World, Migration, and Agriculture in Mediterranean EU: An Introduction

AbstractThis book investigates the dynamics that are reshaping human and natural landscapes in the European agrarian world, with a specific focus on Mediterranean Europe. We focus here on more marginal rural settings, where the potential for agricultural intensification is structurally limited. These areas in particular have suffered from the geographical and socio-economic polarization of development patterns and have paid a relevant burden to the recent crisis

Gender dimensions of occupational health and safety in Canada: The case of fetal protection from toxins in the workplace

Reproductive-health protection1 for women in the paid-labour force is a clear illustration of the interconnectedness of the public and private spheres of women’s lives. It touches on the lives of women both as producers in the paid-work force and as reproducers of children and the family. By exploring the evolution of reproductive-health protection policy in Canada,2 this paper highlights those factors that influenced policy change and shifted the boundaries between the public and the private, expanding the public sphere in an area that previously had been acutely private

Multiculturalisme en criminaliteit

De kans dat mannen met een Turkse of Marokkaanse achtergrond verdacht worden van criminaliteit verschilt aanzienlijk tussen gemeenten. Die verschillen lijken verband te houden met hoe er lokaal wordt omgegaan met culturele en etnische diversiteit. De bevolking in de ene gemeente is meer multicultureel georiënteerd dan in de andere. Marokkaanse en vooral Turkse Nederlanders zijn minder crimineel in tolerantere gemeenten met een kleinere sociale afstand tussen de bevolkingsgroepen

Women in Cuba and the move to a private market economy

The question remains over what a private market, even one that is well-regulated and modified, ultimately means for the future of Cuban society. This article examines the impact of the recent economic changes in Cuba on women, and explores whether the status of women in Cuba can be sustained or improved with the introduction of a modified private market economy. Based on field visits to Cuba and on secondary sources, the authors discuss the status of Cuban women since the Revolution, and document the changes and challenges that these women currently face. The authors conclude that the unique gains of women following the Revolution may be threatened by the imperatives of a market-driven economy, but that Cuban women appear to be bracing themselves for the struggles that this may entail. Cuban women have retained their commitment to gender equality and are actively working toward improving their status in society

Community multiculturalism and immigrant crime

There is considerable international and local-level variation in immigrant crime. In this article, we propose a theoretical model to better understand that contextual variation. Furthermore, we present the results of our first attempts to empirically assess the validity of the framework, focussing on local-level variation in crime among residents of Turkish or Moroccan origin in the Netherlands. The proposed model connects Berry's acculturation theory to criminological theories, using relevant findings from the immigration acculturation literature as starting points. It theorises that host societies with a ‘multicultural acculturation orientation’ tend to reduce immigrant crime by fostering informal social control and attenuating criminogenic strains. The empirical analyses explore whether local-level variation in multicultural attitudes among the native-Dutch indeed predicts municipal variation in the number of registered suspected crimes among first- and second-generation immigrants, focussing on men of Turkish or Moroccan origin residing in 35 Dutch cities. The empirical analyses are based on a unique database that combines aggregated survey data, which were used to measure natives’ acculturation attitudes, with administrative microdata, including micro-level police data. Evidence is found for a protective effect of local-level multiculturalism for first-generation immigrant crime in particular, especially for immigrant men living in larger local immigrant communities. We also find stronger effects for the more cohesive and societally accepted Turkish-Dutch group than for the more fragmented and excluded Moroccan-Dutch