A study on knowledge regarding eye donation among first year nursing students of a nursing school and college of Berhampur, Odisha

Background: In India bilateral corneal blindness constitute one percent of total blindness, With huge addition of cases of corneal blindness annually. Corneal transplantation offers the potential for sight restoration. The patients for corneal transplantation are growing due to insufficient number of eye donations in India. The gap between demand and supply is due to low awareness. Especially there is a need to study the knowledge of first line health counsellor in health facility where potential donors are available.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on May 2016 with 140 first year Nursing students to assess their perception towards eye donation. Data were expressed as proportions and percentages using SPSS 16.Results: All participants knew about eye donation and 95.7% said these can be done irrespective of age and sex of the deceased. 55% students told HIV is a contraindication, 10% said that request for eye donations can be made by person himself alive or relatives after death. 15% knew that eye can be donated within six hours of death but none were aware regarding storage of donated eyes before transplantation. Only 2.1% of them heard about Hospital Corneal Retrieval Programme. Television (100%) was the main source of information. All of them personally supported eye donation.Conclusions: The present study revealed that nursing students had heard about eye donation but knew less about the details of the procedure. They can contribute to awareness and motivating people for eye donation during their postings in various department in hospital

A study on clinical evaluation of chronic dacryocystitis

Background: Chronic dacryocystitis is an unpleasant disease. It is a common condition presenting with watering from the eye. Usually there is a block at the nasolacrimal duct where it opens into the inferior meatus. The study was done to do a clinical analysis of the cases of chronic dacryocystitis.Methods: 51 cases of clinically diagnosed chronic dacryocystitis were taken and, clinical analysis of the cases regarding age, sex, presenting symptom, nature of discharge was done. LPI was done in all the cases. DCR or DCY was done as treatment.Results: Common age of presentation was third decade or fourth decade. Female were worse sufferer. Discharge from eye was present in all the cases.Conclusions: A female in third or fourth decade having discharge from eye since years, chronic daryocystitis is to be ruled out. DCR is an effective method of treatment

Assessment of socio-clinical profile of paediatric TB cases admitted to tertiary health care centre, Odisha, India

Background: Tuberculosis is continued to be a major killer of mankind. Childhood tuberculosis contributes to high mortality due to diagnostic difficulty. Different social factors are responsible for its causation. The objective of the study was to assess the socio clinical factors prevalent among paediatric TB cases admitted to MKCG Medical College.Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out in the indoor paediatric ward of MKCG medical college. Duration of the study was from August 2016 to July 2017. Study participants were all admitted paediatric cases of age group less than 14 years. Data collected through scientifically designed pretested questionnaires.Results: Total 103 patients were admitted during study period of whom, 54% were male. Their median age was 8 years. They were mostly Hindu by religion (98%) and from lower socioeconomic classes (77%). Majority (60%) were from nuclear family (59%) and families of BPL card holder. Most of their parents had low educational status. Physical overcrowding, inadequate ventilation in the house and smoking were main epidemiological factors observed.Conclusions: It was concluded from the above study group, socioeconomic and environmental risk factors were widely prevalent among them. So, control of these factors are the priority issues to be addressed and improvement of these conditions are recommended for effectiveness of the curative measures

Assessment of socio-clinical profile of neonates admitted in sick neonatal care unit of tertiary care hospital: Odisha

Background: Neonatal mortality rate of 29 and early neonatal mortality rate is 20 which contributes 53% of IMR. India targets to achieve single digit under 5 and neonatal death by 2030. Early identification and management of common morbidities among neonates is desirable for improving the survival. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing socio-clinical profile of neonates admitted to SNCU and its impact on morbidities of newborn from different strata.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in SNCU of MKCG medical college from January 2016 to December 2016. Convenient sampling was done. Data was collected using pre-designed semi structured questionnaire.Results: Total 752 study subjects were taken. Most common cause of admission was sepsis (47.4%) followed by prematurity (27.8%), birth asphyxia (13.9%) and IUGR (7.5%). Majority of out born neonates were admitted for sepsis (87.9%) while in born neonates for birth asphyxia (81.9%). All the morbidities were significantly higher among early neonates, babies born to illiterate mother and those with inadequate antenatal check-up.Conclusions: Majority of babies were out born, may be due to delay and lack of quality new born care in the referring facilities. Sepsis was most common preventable morbidity by simple intervention of clean delivery practices which should be promoted. Birth asphyxia can be reduced by adequate skill development training of the staffs and minimising the 3 delays maternal care

A study on clinicopathological evaluation of rhinosporidiosis

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease. Aim of the study was to do a clinicopathological evaluation of the cases of rhinosporidiosis. Study design was longitudinal.Methods: The study was undertaken in MKCG medical college. 151 cases of rhinosporidiosis were taken. Pedunculated or sessile, fleshy, polypoidal, reddish looking mass with spores on the surface were clinically diagnosed as rhinosporidiosis. Age, sex distribution, site of presentation and socioeconomic status was studied. The swellings of lacrimal sac were doughy in consistency. The conjunctival mass was excised and thermocautery applied. For the cases of lacrimal sac dacryocystectomy was done.Results: The cases were more common in male children of low socioeconomic status. Palpebral conjunctiva is the common site of involvement. History of pond bath was present in almost all the cases. History of bleeding from nose and eye was present in many cases.Conclusions: Rhinosporidiosis is a common condition of our locality. Treatment is simple by excising the growth and cauterising the site. Taking bath in pond water is supposed to be the cause of the disease. The disease can be prevented by avoiding pond bath

Profile of unmet needs of family planning in an urban slum of Ganjam district, Odisha, India: a cross-sectional study

Background: Unmet need for family planning refers to the percentage of fecund women of reproductive age either married or in union, women who either wish to postpone the next birth (spacers) or who wish to stop child bearing (limiters) but are not using a contraceptive method. This clearly indicates a gap between a woman’s reproductive intention and current contraceptive behaviour. The objectives of the present study was to determine the prevalence of unmet need for family planning, to assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics and unmet need of family planning, to identify the reasons for unmet need.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from June to August 2018 in Ankuli (UHTC). A total of 188 ever married women in the reproductive age group were selected by simple random sampling.Results: Out of 188 women, 41 (21.8%) had no need for contraception and needs for family planning of 78 (41.5%) women had been met. The prevalence of unmet need for family planning was 36.7% consists of 24 (12.8%)  spacing need and 45 (23.9%)  limiting need. It was found that age, education of women, age at marriage, number of living children, contraceptive knowledge and inter-spousal communication were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. The most common reason for not using any contraceptive method was fear of side effects (40.6%).Conclusions: The unmet need for family planning was high and in order to reduce the gap, the program should address the above reasons

Is obesity among medical students a matter of concern? a cross-sectional study in MKCG medical college, Berhampur, Odisha, India

Background: Overweight and obesity are the precursor of most of the non communicable diseases. Body mass index is an important indicator to measure obesity. Though medicos have the requisite knowledge on the morbidities associated with overweight and obesity, they are not in an advantageous position as compared with the common man due their life style.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 372 undergraduate students attending the classes at Department of Community Medicine, MKCG Medical college, Berhampur, Odisha. BMI of the students was measured, and socio-demographic characteristics and other risk factors were assessed during the study with the help of a semi structured, pretested questionnaire.Results: Out of 372 students, 67.7% were males. Mean BMI of the students was 23.68 ranging from 14.96 to 43.70. The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight was 4.8% and 24.2% respectively. Overweight and obesity were significantly (p<0.05) associated with age, family history of obesity, place of residence, frequent fast food consumption. However other variables like use of electronic gadgets and vehicles, place of food consumption didn’t show any significant association.Conclusions: Medical students being the future physicians, greater emphasis should be laid among them in terms of prevention of obesity and overweight and on reinforcing all preventive measures like physical activities, correct diet, and maintenance of correct BMI. This will in the long run help in enhancement of control of many non-communicable diseases which are associated with overweight and obesity

A study on clinical profile and therapeutic aspect of Wilson’s disease

Introduction: Wilson’s Disease is an autosomal recessive disease. It is characterized by degenerative changes in the brain, liver and Kayser-Fleischer Rings in the Cornea. It is observed with the prevalence of approximately 1:3000 among all ethnic groups. Aims &amp; Objectives: To study the clinical profile and therapeutic aspects of Wilson’s Disease. Material and Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of Hepatology of SCB Medical College &amp; Hospital, in Cuttack city of Odisha. Patients were followed up after 6 month and response to treatment was observed. Results: Most patients were in age group 11-15 years (43%), male, female ratio being 2:1. 64% patients had hepatic presentations, 11% patients had neurological presentations and 25% of patients had both hepatic &amp; neurological presentations. The hepatic presentations were jaundice in 79% of cases followed by Ascites and pedal edema in 75% of cases each, 29% patients were having UGI bleeding. Among the 28 patients 68% presented with KF Rings, 16% patients had child A, 28% had Child B and 56% patients had Child C cirrhosis. Conclusion: The commonest presentation of Wilson’s disease was Chronic Liver Disease.&nbsp

Assessment of clinico- epidemiological profile of snakebite cases

The problem of snakebites has been persistently neglected by public health personnel, clinicians and policy makers even though its social and economic impact are wide‑spread. The present study was conducted to assess clinico- epidemiological profile of snakebite cases at BBMCH, Balangir, Odisha. 86 cases of snake bites of both genders was recorded. Parameters regarding sociodemographic profile, time and site of the bite, presenting complaints and time interval between snakebite and receiving medical treatment was recorded. Out of 86, males were 56 and females were 30. Common symptoms were local bleeding in 52, pain in 46, swelling in 51, diplopia in 22, hematuria in 34, abdominal pain in 68, vomiting in 76 and syncope in 24. The difference was significant (P&lt; 0.05). The site involved was lower limb in 48 and upper limb &amp; chest in 38. Time of presentation was &lt;24 hours in 52 and &gt;24 hours in 34. Type of snake was cobra in 25, python in 27, viper in 18 and Krait in 16 cases. The difference was significant (P&lt; 0.05). Common symptoms were local bleeding, pain, swelling, diplopia, hematuria, abdominal pain, vomiting and syncope

Assessment of effects of antihypertensive agents on the quality of life in diabetic hypertensive patients

Background: Hypertension affects a significant number of population and many of these affected individuals have no symptoms. The present study was conducted to assess effects of antihypertensive agents on the quality of life in diabetic hypertensive patients. Materials &amp; Methods: 96 diabetic hypertensive patients of both genders were randomly divided into 4 groups based on antihypertensive medicines- group I comprises those taking amlodipine (2.5–10 mg/day), group II taking ramipril (2.5–10 mg/day), group III taking telmisartan (40–80 mg/day) and group IV taking combination of ramipril (1.25–5 mg/day) and telmisartan (20–40 mg/day) (RT). Parameters such as blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, blood sugar level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and QOLID-Punjabi version (PV) questionnaire at baseline and then at the 24th&nbsp;week of therapy. QoL of the patients was assessed by using the QOLID questionnaire Results: Group I had 12 males and 12 females, group II had 14 males and 10 females, group III had 15 males and 9 females and group IV had 10 males and 14 females