Adolescents and Sport : A Case Study of Boys\u27 Drop-Out From Basketball

This thesis was designed to acquire comprehensible awareness of specific drop-out cases from basketball, specifically adolescent boys between the ages of twelve and fifteen, at Cockburn Basketball Stadium and hence abate the incidence of adolescent drop-out. My intention was to uncover what happened to these adolescents and what led them to decide to stop playing basketball. I also wished to ascertain what meaning these adolescents ascribed to the events that occurred whilst playing which led them to decide to stop playing. The Cockburn Basketball Association had 190-plus junior teams in semester 1, 1996 and only 86 junior teams in semester I, 1999. The fundamental basis for the research is that human beings are meaning-making machines and their perceptions are shaped by their past experiences. The importance of physical activity, specifically to adolescents, is reviewed followed by surveying the different influences surrounding adolescents and sport participation. The influences on adolescent sport participation that are surveyed are significant others, parents, peers, coaches, self-perception, competitiveness of sport, umpiring, socioeconomic status, media, and other activities. The procedure employed for gathering data was the Three-Interview Series, described in Seidman (1991), on one pilot study and five other adolescent boys. This comprised of investigating into the life history of the adolescent in the first interview; procuring details of the experiences in the second interview; and a reflection, by the participants, on the meaning of the experiences in the third interview. A line-by-line analysis was perfom1ed on all interviews conducted to generate categories commencing with lower-order categories then creating higher-order categories. It was found that there was no single reason that represents the decision to quit basketball at Cockburn Basketball Stadium by the six adolescent boys in the study. Each boy had his own reasons for beginning basketball and for dropping out of basketball from the Cockburn Basketball Association. Significant others played an instrumental part in the decision to quit basketball for some of the participants of the study. One participant was negatively influenced by the parents of teammates. Another participant cited the coaches as a major reason for his decision to quit. Some of the participants of the study mentioned teammates as having influenced their decision to quit basketball in different ways. One participant cited a loss of passion for the game after having played a heavy concentration of basketball for six years. It is interesting to note that this participant craved success and loved to win and over the years his Western Australian Basketball League (WABL) team, the one team he took seriously, experienced less success. Some of the participants had found another activity, which they found more enjoyable, to substitute for basketball. One participant said that receiving a scabby uniform, compared to the uniform he had in the previous season and compared to the uniforms his teammates had, as a contributing factor for his decision to quit basketball at Cockburn. Recommendations are given for Western Australian Basketball to focus attention on the players and their enjoyment of the game and for further research into drop-out the sport

Assessing Vaginal Surgical Skills Using Video Motion Analysis

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility of using video motion analysis to quantitate a key step of vaginal hysterectomy and define measurable differences between novice and experienced surgical trainees during vaginal hysterectomy. METHODS: Analyses focused on clamping, transecting, and suturing the left uterosacral ligament. Using a cutoff of 25, trainees were grouped as experienced (n=14) and novice (n=9) based on the total number of vaginal hysterectomies performed by each trainee. Contrasting-groups analysis was used to determine cutoff values that separated novices from experts. RESULTS: Novice trainees took longer (112 seconds compared with 84 seconds) and had greater cumulative translational motion (92 cm compared with 49 cm, P=.05) while performing the task. Experienced trainees placed the Heaney clamp closer to a right angle to the vertical axis (experienced 96° compared with novice 109°, P=.03) while passing the needle through the uterosacral ligament. Trainees move from novice to experts when the steps occur in 112 or fewer seconds, cumulative translational motion is at or less than 75 cm, and the angle between the clamp to bladder retractor is at or below 105°. CONCLUSION: Video motion analysis is a feasible technique to quantify and compare surgical skills objectively during vaginal surgery. There are measurable differences between novice and more experienced surgical trainees performing vaginal hysterectomy that can be quantified using motion analysis

Improving biofeedback for the treatment of fecal incontinence in women: implementation of a standardized multi-site manometric biofeedback protocol

Standardized training and clinical protocols using biofeedback for the treatment of fecal incontinence are important for clinical care. Our primary aims were to develop, implement, and evaluate adherence to a standardized protocol for manometric biofeedback to treat fecal incontinence

The relationship between pelvic organ prolapse, genital body image, and sexual health

Aims Pelvic organ prolapse involves physical changes to the genitals, potentially distressing to women. We hypothesized poorer genital body image in prolapsed women versus controls and that genital body image would correlate with sexual health. Methods Seventy‐four sexually active women, 13 with prolapse, 24 with surgically corrected prolapse, 37 without prolapse, completed the Genital Self Image Scale (GSIS‐20), Body Esteem Scale (BES), and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Results In prolapsed women median GSIS‐20 scores were 28/40, women with surgically corrected prolapse 32/40 and never prolapsed 34/40 (χ 2  = 9.6, P  < 0.01). Post hoc analysis showed significant differences between prolapsed and never prolapsed groups ( P  < 0.05). After adjusting for BES, GSIS‐20 correlated with overall FSFI (r = 0.384, P  < 0.01), and its subscales of desire (r =0.34, P  < 0.05) and satisfaction (r = 0.41, P  < 0.01). Conclusions Women with prolapse are at risk for poorer genital body image and reduced sexual health. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:1145–1148, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/93520/1/22205_ftp.pd

3D reconstruction of MRâ visible Fe3O4â mesh implants: Pelvic mesh measurement techniques and preliminary findings

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147010/1/nau23868.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147010/2/nau23868_am.pd

Prediction model and prognostic index to estimate clinically relevant pelvic organ prolapse in a general female population

Introduction and hypothesis: Estimation on prevalence and distribution of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) signs in a general female population is difficult. We therefore developed and validated

A new outcome measure for LUTS: Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Symptom Index‐29 (LURN SI‐29) questionnaire

AimsTo develop a representative, self‐report assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) for men and women, the symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Symptom Index‐29 (LURN SI‐29).MethodsWomen and men seeking treatment for LUTS at one of six academic medical centers in the US were assessed at baseline, 3‐month and 12‐month intervals. Twelve‐month data on 78 LURN SI‐29 items were analyzed among 353 women and 420 men using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), with factor structure confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency, reliability, and validity of the five developed scales were evaluated by assessing correlations with the American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUA‐SI), the genitourinary pain index (GUPI), and the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory‐20 (PFDI‐20), and by examining expected sex differences in scores.ResultsEFA results (n = 150 women; 150 men) produced an interpretable eight‐factor solution, with three of the factors comprised of dichotomous items addressing LUTS‐associated sensations. The remaining five factors, confirmed with CFA in an independent sample of 473 participants, produced five scales: incontinence, urgency, voiding difficulty, bladder pain, and nocturia. Subscales and total LURN SI‐29 scores were correlated as expected with AUA‐SI, GUPI, and PFDI‐20. LURN SI‐29 scores also performed as expected in differentiating men from women based upon clinically expected differences, with men reporting more voiding difficulties and nocturia, and women reporting more urgency and incontinence.ConclusionsThe LURN SI‐29 questionnaire has the potential to improve research and clinical outcome measurement for both men and women with LUTS.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150585/1/nau24067.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150585/2/nau24067_am.pd