Određivanje boje zuba kod pasa

Tooth color depends on hard tooth tissue structures, above all dentine, and is genetically determinated. Nutritive habits and nutrition patterns during the lifetime can influence the change of crystal structure of enamel and dentine and consequently tooth color. The purpose of this research is to determine the color of dog teeth and to compare it to human tooth color. Standardized color key was used, thus overcoming all three color parameters: main color - hue, satiate - chroma and brightness - value. The obtained results show that both colors of dog and human teeth belong to the same spectrum. Dog teeth more frequently have a darker color which can be connected to the fact that their teeth are more worn and consequently a more intensive diffusion process is undergoing due to the changes in crystal structure because of the newly formed bondings of organic molecules into the crystal structure of the enamel.Boja zuba zavisi od sastava tvrdih zubnih tkiva, pre svega dentina i genetski je određena. Obrazac ishrane i nutritivne navike mogu u toku života putem difuzije uticati na promenu kristalne strukture gleđi i dentina a posledično i na boju zuba. Cilj rada je utvrditi boju zuba pasa i uporediti je sa bojom zuba ljudi. Korišćen je standardizovan ključ za boje kojim je moguće obuhvatiti određivanje sva tri parametra boje: osnovnu boju - hue, zasićenost - chroma i svetlinu - value. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da boja zuba i pasa i ljudi u najvećem broju slučajeva pripada istom spektru. Kod pasa su zastupljenije tamnije nijanse, što se dovodi u vezu sa većom abradiranošću površina njihovih zuba i intenzivnijom difuzijom i promenama dimenzija kristalne rešetke zbog vezivanja organskih delova molekula u strukturi kristala gleđi

A preliminary evaluation of normative and realistic needs for prosthetic treatment among frail elderly patients in Serbia

Background/purpose: Common to all frail elderly patients in Serbia is the fact that only little or no attention is given to their dental care. A normative need for prosthetic treatment exists for all partially edentulous and edentulous patients who lack adequate prosthetic devices. The realistic need for treatment means the opportunity to perform the treatment that will be beneficial for each patient individually. The goal of this study was to determine the normative and realistic needs for prosthetic treatment among frail elderly patients in Serbia. Materials and methods: The study involved 117 elderly and frail patients provided service at the Geriatrics Institute in Belgrade, and among families in suburban municipalities. We determined the patients' dental status, cognitive status, general health condition, and desire for treatment. Results: Results showed that 82.9% of patients had normative need for prosthetic treatment. Realistic need for prosthetic treatment was significantly lower-that is 19.7% to 28.2% of patients can be provided appropriate prosthetic treatment in order to improve their oral functionality and quality of life. Conclusion: Although realistic need for prosthetic treatment is significantly lower than normative need, treatment shouldn't be denied to patients who can receive it, especially when the treatment recommended is less invasive

Mogućnosti protetske rehabilitacije skraćenog zubnog niza u pacijenata starije dobi

Introduction. Functional consequences of posterior tooth loss are multiple; late and inadequate rehabilitation lead to further collapse of stomatognathic system, which is especially distinct in elderly population. Aim of this paper is to present advantages and disadvantages of different modalities of prosthetic treatment of shortened dental arch in elderly patients. Treatment with overdentures are convenient in this population because it is non-invasive and reversible. Periodontal problems and root caries are main complications of this treatment, but denture relaying after extraction and easy conversion into complete dentures facilitate resolving this complications. Removable partial dentures are one of the mostly indicated treatments for shortened dental arch. They improve masticatory efficiency, but disadvantages are in inferior aesthetic characteristics and comfort. Mechanical failures can be avoid by detailed analyze and correct planning. Treatment of shortened dental arch with fixed partial denture with distal extension can be very convenient solution for elderly patient. Osseointegration process and implant treatment promises every day more in prosthetic rehabilitation of elderly. Relayed prosthetic rehabilitation is recommended, not because of longer process of ossteointegration, but because of delayed recovery of soft tissues and general health condition of elderly. Conclusion. Each of before mentioned therapy modalities have its advantages and disadvantages in meaning of technical procedure, duration in function, possible complications and patient's comfort and satisfaction. In elderly patients, possible complications are more complex; therefore treatment must be done quickly, efficiently, and having in mind patient's general and oral health condition, level of cooperation and economic status.Uvod. Funkcionalne posledice gubitka bočnih zuba su mnogobrojne i njihovo nepravovremeno i neadekvatno zbrinjavanje dovodi do daljeg urušavanja stomatognatnog sistema, koje je naročito izraženo kod pacijenata starije dobi. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se prikažu različite mogućnosti protetske terapije skraćenog zubnog niza i ukaže na njihove prednosti i nedostatke u protetskoj rehabilitaciji pacijenata starije dobi. Terapija supradentalnim protezama je podesan način lečenja kod ove populacije jer je neinvazivan i reverzibilan. Parodontalni problemi i karijes korena zuba su osnovne komplikacije ovakvog vida lečenja. Međutim podlaganje zubne nadoknade nakon ekstrakcije i laka konverzija u totalnu protezu olakšavaju rešavanje ovih komplikacija. Parcijalne proteze predstavljaju jedno od najčešće indikovanih rešenja za skraćen zubni niz. One poboljšavaju mastikatornu efikasnost, a nedostatak im je lošiji estetski učinak i smanjeni komfor. Mehaničke komplikacije u tretmanu parcijalnim protezama se mogu izbeći detaljnom analizom i pravilnim dizajnom proteza. Tretman skraćenog zubnog niza fiksnim nadoknadama sa visećim članom može biti veoma pogodno i komforno rešenje za pacijente starije dobi. Terapija implantatima i proces osteointegracije sve više obećavaju u lečenju krezubih pacijenata starije dobi. Preporučuje se odložena protetska rehabilitacija ne zbog lošije osteointegracije već zbog produženog oporavka mekih tkiva i opšteg zdravstvenog stanja pacijenata starije dobi. Zaključak. Brojni terapijski modalitet imaju svoje prednosti i nedostatke u smislu tehničkog izvođenja postupka, trajnosti nadoknade, mogućih komplikacija i pacijentovog komfora a samim tim i zadovoljstva. Kod pacijenata starije dobi, moguće komplikacije se usložnjavaju, a okluzalnu terapiju treba izvesti brzo, efikasno i u skladu sa opštim i oralnim stanjem zdravlja, stepenom saradnje sa pacijentom, ali i ekonomskim statusom

Srpska verzija indeksa 'Oral Health Impact Profile' (OHIP-14) u sklopu merenja kvaliteta života bolesnika starijeg životnog doba

Background/Aim. There is an evidence of increasing necessity to use indices for measuring impact of oral health on the elderly life quality for the purposes of the state-of-the art clinical dental practice. It is at least because data obtained in that way suggest whether a treatment is required, help in deciding upon a kind of dental treatment, as well as in evaluating the extent of success of the applied therapeutical procedures. The aim of the study was to translate into Serbian the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) index and to assess its validity in practice as its initial verification in the Serbian speaking areas. Methods. The OHIP-14 index was translated into Serbian and check-up of its easy-to-understand done in a group of 30 common elderly (above 65 years of age) with a total or partial prosthetic restoration. The study individuals did not fill in a questionnaire by themselves, instead the questions were put orally. If needed, additional explanations were given with no any suggesting a possible answer. Results. Considering the given answers and the shown need for additional explanations to some questions indicated that the question number 5 in the OHIP-14, namely 'Have you been selfconscious because of your mouth or dentures?' (Serbian, 'Da li ste bili samosvesni usled problema sa Vašim ustima i protezama?') cannot be adequately translated into Serbian because even 28 (93.3%) of the tested individuals were not able to understand it inspite the given explanations. Other questions were well understood, thus allowing to use the answers to them as score for a certain discomfort. Of all the tested, 13 (43%) denied any psychosocial disorders or experienced them only rarely, while 60% of the tested answered affirmately to the question 'Do you consider your life generally less satisfactory due to the problems induced by teeth and dentures?' pointing out a significant impact of oral health condition on the quality of life. Conclusion. The OHIP-14 index renders valuable and dependable data on the quality of life of elderly with dentures, thus it is favorable to use it in practice. Due to difficulties in understanding the question number 5, however, it was omitted off the final Serbian language version. Anyhow, its validity in a more numerous test group should be evaluated, as well as other indices introduced into Serbian speaking area to let a comparison made and the most suitable questionnaire used.Uvod/Cilj. Korišćenje indeksa koji mere uticaj stanja oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života predstavlja sve više neophodnost u stomatološkoj praksi jer se na osnovu informacija dobijenih iz njih utvrđuju potrebe za tretmanom, donosi odluku o vrsti stomatološkog tretmana i vrši procena uspešnosti primenjenih terapijskih procedura. Cilj rada bio je da se indeks Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) prevede na srpski jezik uz proveru pouzdanosti u praksi kao početak njegove verifikacije na srpskom govornom području. Metode. Indeks OHIP-14 preveden je na srpski jezik, a razumljivost učinjenog prevoda za prosečnog ispitanika starijeg životnog doba testirana je na grupi od 30 nosioca totalnih ili parcijalnih proteza starijih od 65 godina. Ispitanici nisu samostalno popunjavali upitnik, već su im pitanja postavljana usmeno. Po potrebi, bila su data dodatna objašnjenja, pri čemu se izbegavalo nametanje odgovora ispitanika. Rezultati. Analizirajući dobijene odgovore i potrebu za dodatnim objašnjenjima pojedinih pitanja, ustanovljeno je da pitanje pod rednim broje 5 iz indeksa OHIP-14 'Have you been self-conscious because of your mouth or detures?!' (srp. prev. 'Da li ste bili samosvesni usled problema sa Vašim ustima ili protezama?') nije moguće adekvatno prevesti na srpski jezik jer je, čak, kod 28 (93,3%) ispitanika ovo pitanje bilo nerazumljivo, uprkos dodatnim objašnjenjima. Ostala pitanja ispitanici su dobro razumeli i na osnovu njihovih odgovora bilo je moguće odrediti broj poena za određenu tegobu. Tako npr. njih 13 (43%) negiralo je tegobe psihosocijalne prirode ili se izjasnilo da im se takve tegobe retko javljaju, dok je 60% potvrdno odgovorilo na pitanje 'Da li ste osetili da Vam je život generalno manje zadovoljavajući zbog problema sa zubima i protezama?', što ukazuje na značajan uticaj stanja oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života. Zaključak. Indeks OHIP-14 pruža korisne i pouzdane informacije o kvalitetu života osoba koje nose proteze i poželjno ga je koristiti u praksi. Pitanje pod rednim brojem 5, zbog nerazumljivosti, izostavljeno je iz konačne verzije upitnika prevedenog na srpski jezik. Međutim, potrebno je izvršiti proveru njegove validnosti na većem broju ispitanika, ali i uvesti još neki indeks na srpsko govorno područje kako bi se moglo izvršiti poređenje i dati preporuke za najpogodniji takav indeks na srpskom jeziku za osobe starijeg životnog doba

Uticaj oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života pacijenata zavisnih od tuđe nege

Necessary approach to a patient in the 21st century understands not only analyzing physical condition, but also social and psychological aspect of an individual. In frail and dependent elderly who are residents of the long term institutions and hospitals, every aspect of health is jeopardized. Missing natural teeth and functional prosthetic constructions makes their medical condition worse, because of impossibility of adequate nutrition intake and communication. Aim of this work is to determine in what degree oral condition influence quality of life of frail and dependent elderly. Fifty patients (32 women and 18 men) were questioned in Institute for Geriatric Medicine, Hospital center 'Zvezdara'. Oral examination was done, including dental status, condition of the mucosa and periodontal tissues, and the presence of prosthetic constructions and their functionality. Quality of life was examined with questionnary OHIP (Oral Health Impact Profile) which gives information about possibility of oral functioning (speech, mastication, swallowing, presence of pain etc.) in the present condition (with or without natural teeth or prosthetic constructions). It was determined that 36 patients had score which shows high negative influence of oral condition on the quality of life. In that group of patients, dominant were women. Prosthetic care and rehabilitation is necessary in population of the frail and dependent elderly, in order to, at least maintain quality of life as it is, and to avoid more complication of the general health condition.Neophodan pristup zdravlju u 21. veku podrazumeva obavezan osvrt ne samo u fizičko stanje nego i u socijalni i psihički aspekt svake individue. Kod pacijenata smeštenih u bolnice i staračke domove svi aspekti zdravlja su ugroženi. Nedostatak prirodnih zuba i adekvatnih zubnih nadoknada dodatno narušavaju fizičko i mentalno zdravlje ove populacije zbog nemogućnosti adekvatne ishrane ili komunikacije sa okolinom. Cilj rada je utvrđivanje stanja oralnog zdravlja kao i njegovog uticaja na kvalitet života pacijenata zavisnih od tuđe nege. U okviru Instituta za gerijatriju Kliničko Bolničkog Centra Zvezdara ispitano je 50 pacijenata (32 žene i 18 muškaraca). Stomatološkim pregledom utvrđeni su dentalni status, stanje potpornih tkiva prisutnih zuba, prisustvo zubnih nadoknada i njihova funkcionalnost. Uticaj koji stanje oralnog zdravlja ima na kvalitet života ispitan je pomoću upitnika OHIP (Oral Health Impact Profile) koji ispituje mogućnost funkcionisanja (govor, žvakanje, gutanje, prisustvo boli itd.) sa postojećim stanjem zuba i eventualno prisutnih zubnih nadokada. Utvrđeno je da 36 pacijenata ima skor koji pokazuje visok uticaj narušenog oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života. Sa negativnim uticajem dominiraju osobe ženskog pola. Stomatološko zbrinjavanje i protetska rehabilitacija su neophodni kod pacijenata i oni se odvijaju u otežanim uslovima kako se već narušeno zdravstveno stanje i kvalitet života ne bi dodatno komplikovali

Stanje usta i zuba kod žena smeštenih u Domu za mentalno hendikepirane osobe

In mentally handicapped individuals, attention paid on their oral health is usually insufficient. This population is edentulous or partially edentulous, with high rate of dental caries and periodontal disease, and without adequate prosthetic constructions. Oral examination was done in 70 female residents of 'Centre for mentally handicapped women' in Višegrad (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Before the clinical examination, mini mental test (Mini Mental State Examination) was used for the quick orientation about degree of mental disorder. Finally, the plan of dental rehabilitation was made according to patient's health condition and mental diagnosis. All examined patients had severely damaged oral functions, including periodontal disease, decayed roots and a great number of missing teeth. Not a single patient had prosthetic constructions. Patients with lower degree of mental disorder showed satisfactory cooperation and it was estimated that dental treatment could be under- taken in these individuals. Mentally handicapped patients show high need for dental treatment. Prosthetic rehabilitation is possible in some of mentally handicapped patients.Kod osoba koje su mentalno hendikepirane najčešće se ne posvećuje dovoljno pažnje oralnom zdravlju. Takva populacija stanovništva je u većini slučajeva bezuba, krezuba, bez adekvatnih zubnih nadoknada ili sa velikim brojem karijesnih zuba. Pregledano je sedamdeset pacijentkinja smeštenih u domu za mentalno hendikepirane osobe u Višegradu (Bosna i Hercegovina). Urađen je stomatološki pregled i mini mental test koji služi za brzu orijentaciju o stepenu mentalnog oštećenja. Takođe je urađen plan rehabilitacije pacijenata u skladu sa njihovim mentalnim zdravljem i osnovnom dijagnozom. Svi pregledani pacijenti su imali ozbiljno narušeno oralno funkcionisanje sa postojećom parodontopatijom, zaostalim gengrenoznim korenovima i velikim brojem nedostajućih zuba. Pacijenti nisu imali nikakve zubne nadoknade. Pacijenti sa manjim stepenom mentalnog oštećenja pokazali su zadovoljavajući stepen saradnje i procenjeno je da je kod njih moguće izvršiti stomatološku sanaciju. Mentalno hendikepirani pacijenti imaju velike potrebe za stomatološkom sanacijom a kod određenog broja ovih pacijenata moguća je i protetska rehabilitacija

Adaptation of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) index for measuring impact of oral health on quality of life in elderly to Serbian language

Background/Aim. There is an evidence of increasing necessity to use indices for measuring impact of oral health on the elderly life quality for the purposes of the state-of-the art clinical dental practice. It is at least because data obtained in that way suggest whether a treatment is required, help in deciding upon a kind of dental treatment, as well as in evaluating the extent of success of the applied therapeutical procedures. The aim of the study was to translate into Serbian the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) index and to assess its validity in practice as its initial verification in the Serbian speaking areas. Methods. The OHIP-14 index was translated into Serbian and check-up of its easy-to-understand done in a group of 30 common elderly (above 65 years of age) with a total or partial prosthetic restoration. The study individuals did not fill in a questionnaire by themselves, instead the questions were put orally. If needed, additional explanations were given with no any suggesting a possible answer. Results. Considering the given answers and the shown need for additional explanations to some questions indicated that the question number 5 in the OHIP-14, namely 'Have you been selfconscious because of your mouth or dentures?' (Serbian, 'Da li ste bili samosvesni usled problema sa Vašim ustima i protezama?') cannot be adequately translated into Serbian because even 28 (93.3%) of the tested individuals were not able to understand it inspite the given explanations. Other questions were well understood, thus allowing to use the answers to them as score for a certain discomfort. Of all the tested, 13 (43%) denied any psychosocial disorders or experienced them only rarely, while 60% of the tested answered affirmately to the question 'Do you consider your life generally less satisfactory due to the problems induced by teeth and dentures?' pointing out a significant impact of oral health condition on the quality of life. Conclusion. The OHIP-14 index renders valuable and dependable data on the quality of life of elderly with dentures, thus it is favorable to use it in practice. Due to difficulties in understanding the question number 5, however, it was omitted off the final Serbian language version. Anyhow, its validity in a more numerous test group should be evaluated, as well as other indices introduced into Serbian speaking area to let a comparison made and the most suitable questionnaire used

Validity and reliability of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) scale in the elderly population of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Validity and reliability of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) scale in the elderly population of Bosnia and Herzegovina Objectives: To adapt the Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) index for elderly people in Bosnia and Herzegovina and test its validity, reliability and responsiveness to change. Background: Clinical measures alone may not be adequate for assessing the oral health of individuals. Subjective oral health indicators tested within a particular cultural context may not be relevant across cultures. Materials and methods: The study population comprised 231 free-living adults aged 65 years or older. The OIDP was cross-culturally adapted from English into the Serbian language and its psychometric properties were tested. Data were collected using a clinical examination and a questionnaire containing the OIDP. Results: In terms of reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.82 and the intraclass correlation coefficient 0.88. The very high correlation of OIDP with self-rated oral health (r = 0.78) verified criterion validity, while construct validity was demonstrated through its significant and graded associations with other subjective health measures. OIDP change scores on a treated subsample showed moderate effect size (0.59) and were associated with perceptions of oral health change, providing evidence for its responsiveness to change. Conclusion: The Bosnian version of the OIDP showed satisfactory validity, reliability and responsiveness to change confirming its appropriateness for use among older populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Photoluminescent properties of spider silk coated with Eu-doped nanoceria

Spider dragline silk was coated with pure as well as Eu-doped ceria nanopowders at the room temperature. The treatment was done by immersion of the spider silkmesh into aqueous solutions of cerium nitrate (Ce(NO3)(3)) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). Depending on the relationship between Ce3+ ion and ammonium hydroxide concentration, coated fibers exhibited a different thickness. Obtained materials were studied by means of FESEM. It was found that ceria nanoparticles of average size of 3 nm were coated along spider thread. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) confirmed crystal nature of nanoparticle coating of spider silk. By using Williamson-Hall plots, crystallite size and strain were estimated. EDS measurement confirmed the presence of Eu in spider-Eu-doped ceria composite, and according to FTIR analysis, the interaction between CeO2 and spider silk was proposed. The morphology of obtained composite was observed by TEM. The photoluminescence emission spectra of spider silk coated with Eu-doped ceria were measured with two different excitations of 385 and 466 nm. The two-photon excited auto-fluorescence of spider silk coated with Eu-doped ceria was detected using a nonlinear laser scanning microscope. Obtained composite has a potential as a fluorescent labeling material in diverse applications