Proportion (%) seropositive for CV-A6, CV-A16 and EV-A71 among 700 subjects aged 1–17 years, Singapore, 2008–2010.

<p>Proportion (%) seropositive for CV-A6, CV-A16 and EV-A71 among 700 subjects aged 1–17 years, Singapore, 2008–2010.</p

Proportion (%) of subjects with neutralizing antibodies against any one, two or all three enteroviruses, CV-A6, CV-A16 and EV-A71, and those with no immunity (seronegative for all three enteroviruses) by age group, Singapore, 2008–2010.

<p>The vertical lines indicate 95% confidence intervals. A subject was defined as immune if NtAb titre was ≥1:8.</p

Monthly HFMD incidence and predominant circulating enteroviruses associated with peaks in HFMD cases, Singapore, 2005–2013.

<p>Monthly HFMD incidence and predominant circulating enteroviruses associated with peaks in HFMD cases, Singapore, 2005–2013.</p

Proportion (%) of seropositive subjects with low, moderate and high levels of neutralizing antibody titres against (A) CV-A6, (B) CV-A16 and (C) EV-A71 by age group, Singapore, 2008–2010.

<p>The vertical lines indicate 95% confidence intervals.</p

Distribution of MTC isolates typed each year, including the number of isolates clustered via combined spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR, and the proportion of major tuberculosis lineages.

<p>The percentages of all nationally notified culture-positive and multidrug-resistant MTC isolates typed each year are also shown.</p

Minimum spanning trees of clustered MTC isolates categorized according to presence of MDR (green = non-MDR MTC, red = MDR MTC).

<p>Each circle represents a genotype and the sizes of the circles are proportionate to the number of members in each group. The distance between circles represents how closely related the different genotypes are to each other. 3A) MTC isolates from the earlier 2006-2007 phase. 3B) MTC isolates from the later 2008-2012 phase.</p

Minimum spanning trees of MTC isolates typed via both spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR, categorized according to patient resident status and presence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) (yellow = resident with non-MDR-TB, green = non-resident with non-MDR-TB, blue = resident with MDR-TB, red = non-resident with MDR-TB).

<p>Each circle represents a genotype and the sizes of the circles are proportionate to the number of members in each group. The distance between circles represents how closely related the different genotypes are to each other. 1A) MTC isolates from the earlier 2006-2007 phase. 1B) MTC isolates from the later 2008-2012 phase.</p

Characteristics of seasonal influenza vaccine use among the nine Southeast Asian countries that responded to study survey<b>.</b>

*<p>Due to chronic metabolic diseases (including diabetes mellitus), renal dysfunction, haemoglobinopathies or immunosuppression (including by medication or HIV).</p>†<p>High risk conditions: Malaysia (chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic or renal disease, or who are immunocompromised); Philippines (chronic pulmonary or cardiovascular disorders); Singapore (diseases of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems, including asthma); Thailand (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, cancer, diabetes, thalassemia, immunosuppression including persons infected with HIV); Vietnam (COPD, congenital heart disease, heart failure, diabetes, immunodeficiency).</p>**<p>Only includes elderly with >1 more of the following chronic conditions: chronic cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic or renal disease, or who are immunocompromised.</p

Influenza vaccine sales per 100,000 population; shaded areas are aggregate data from several countries. Dashed line (–) indicates data were not available.

†<p>Private sales data in this row are from Thailand Food and Drug Administration.</p>*<p>Excludes Brunei.</p

Selected health, budgetary, and immunization statistics of the ten Southeast Asian countries surveyed.

<p>GNI: Gross National Income; DGP: Gross Domesitc Product; USD: United States Dollars.</p>1<p>Total gross national income per-capita, total expenditure on health, percent of deaths among children <5 years caused by pneumonia and ranking of pneumonia as the cause of childhood mortality updated May 2012 and found at: levels for each country found at: <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/en/" target="_blank">http://www.who.int/countries/en/</a>.</p>2<p>World Bank country classification can be found at: <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groups" target="_blank">http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications/country-and-lending-groups</a>.</p>3<p>Routine childhood vaccinations are tuberculosis (BCG), diptheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP), oral polio vaccine (OPV), hepatitis B, and measles-containing vaccine (MCV).</p>4<p>Percent of routine vaccinations funded by government and under 5-year mortality rates updated Oct 2012 and found at: <a href="http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/en/globalsummary/countryprofileselect.cfm" target="_blank">http://apps.who.int/immunization_monitoring/en/globalsummary/countryprofileselect.cfm</a>.</p