Safety Assessment with Altarica - Lessons Learnt Based on Two Aircraft System Studies

Abstract: AIRBUS and ONERA used the AltaRica formal language and associated tools to perform safety assessments. Lessons learnt during the study of an electrical and hydraulic system are presented. Key words: dependability, aircraft, formal methods AIRBUS and ONERA were recently involved in the ESACS (Enhanced Safety Assessment for Complex Systems) European project. This project aimed at developing safety assessment techniques based on the use of formal specification languages and associated tools. We used the AltaRica (Arnold et al. 2000) formal language that is supported by Cecilia OCAS workshop developed by Dassault Aviation. Two case-studies based on AIRBUS aircraft electrical and hydraulic systems were used to validate the approach (Kehren et al. 2004b). In this paper we present lessons we learnt during ESACS. Lessons are sorted in three categories: Advantages are situations where the use of AltaRica was clearly positive, Difficulties are situations where the use of AltaRica was not directly positive but we found out how to circumvent the difficulties and the remaining situations are considered to be Limitations

Mise en place d'une méthodologie de sélection participative sur le blé tendre en France

En Agriculture Biologique, les environnements des cultures et les pratiques agronomiques sont très diversifiés. Cette diversité peut être prise en compte par une sélection décentralisée associant le savoirfaire des agriculteurs et les connaissances scientifiques des chercheurs. Un travail co-construit entre associations et paysans du Réseau Semences Paysannes et l'équipe de recherche DEAP de l'INRA du Moulon a permis d'élaborer une approche innovante de sélection décentralisée et participative à la ferme. Cette approche permet de (i) créer de nouvelles variétés populations de blé tendre adaptées localement (innovation génétique) (ii) mettre en place un mode d'organisation basé sur la co-construction entre acteurs et la décentralisation (innovation organisationnelle) et (iii) développer des dispositifs expérimentaux, créer des outils statistiques et de gestion de données qui favorisent ces innovations génétique et sociétaleIn Organic Agriculture, cultivation environments and agronomic practices are very diverse. This diversity can be handled with decentralized selection based on the knowledge of farmers and scientists. A collaborative work between associations from Réseau Semences Paysannes and the DEAP team from INRA du Moulon set up an innovative breeding approach on farm based on decentralization and participation of farmers. This approach makes it possible to (i) create new population varieties of bread wheat locally adapted (genetic innovation) (ii) set up an organizational scheme based on decentralization and co construction between actors (societal innovation) and (iii) develop experimental designs, create statistical and data management tools which stimulate these genetic and societal innovations

Range expansion of the invasive brown marmorated stinkbug, <em>Halyomorpha halys</em>: an increasing threat to field, fruit and vegetable crops worldwide

International audienceThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), has emerged as a harmful invasive insect pest in North America and Europe in the 1990s and 2000s, respectively. Native to eastern Asia, this highly polyphagous pest (> 120 different host plants) is spreading rapidly worldwide, notably through human activities. The increasing global importance of the pest suggests that more coordinated actions are needed to slow its spread and mitigate negative effects in invaded areas. Prevention of large-scale outbreaks will require accurate identification and effective mitigation tools to be rapidly developed and widely implemented. In this short review, we update the current distribution of H. halys, discuss potential geographic range expansion based on passive and active dispersal and provide insight on the economic, environmental and social impact associated with H. halys